Tsunamis

Tsunami Formation

• Tsunamis are large ocean waves generated by sudden disturbances in the seafloor or in the body of water above it.
• The main processes that can lead to tsunami formation include:

Causes of Tsunami Formation

• Underwater Earthquakes: Tectonic plates shifting and displacing a large volume of water, making it the most common cause of tsunami formation.
• Volcanic Eruptions: Explosive volcanic activity or the collapse of a volcanic structure can displace water, leading to tsunami formation.
• Landslides: Submarine landslides or landslides that enter the water can generate tsunamis.
• Meteorite Impacts: Large meteorites impacting the ocean, although rare, can produce significant waves.

Tsunami Wave Characteristics

• Displaced water forms waves that travel across the ocean at high speeds.
• As these waves approach shallow coastal areas, they increase in height and can cause massive destruction upon reaching shore.