Untitled Document Quiz

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Document Characteristics

• The document has no title.
• The document contains a toolbar with various options: File, Edit, View, Insert, Format, Tools, Extensions, and Help.
• The text is in Arial font with a size of 11 points.
• The document contains a ruler with numbers from 1 to 8.
• There is a separator line (---) in the document.

Aortic Aneurysm (AAA)

• Weakened lining of the aorta that can tear and become life-threatening if not treated immediately
• Symptoms: chest pain, hoarseness, dyspnea, and sudden onset chest pain
• If descending aorta is involved, pain can radiate to the back

Coronary Artery Disease

• More common in males >55 and females >65 with known vascular disease (e.g., hyperlipidemia, high BP, atherosclerosis)
• Pain is not provoked by palpation but can worsen with exercise
• Myocardial ischemia can be stable or unstable:
  • Stable: patient knows what triggers angina and when to rest
  • Unstable: angina occurs at unpredictable times with unrelated activities
• Symptoms: chest and jaw pain that can radiate to the left upper extremity, palpitations, SOB, tachycardia, sweating, nausea

Cervical Myelopathy

• Compression of the cervical spinal cord
• Symptoms:
  • Babinski and Hoffman signs positive
  • Unsteady gait
  • Age >45
  • Inverted supination
  • Changes in bowel and bladder
  • Sensory and motor disturbances in the upper extremities
• Causes: trauma, degeneration, congenital narrowing, cervical instability

Thoracic Fracture

• Collapse of the thoracic spine due to fracture or bone weakening
• Causes: corticosteroids, MVA, osteoporosis
• Symptoms:
  • Positive percussion test
  • Bruising
  • Midline tenderness
  • Trauma
  • Weakened spinal extensors