Units & Measurements in Physics
47 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which branch of science focuses on the study of matter, energy, and their transformations?

  • Chemistry
  • Physics (correct)
  • Mathematics
  • Biology

What is the primary function of measurement in engineering?

  • To ensure chemical accuracy
  • To verify biological laws
  • To assure quality of products (correct)
  • To improve mathematical techniques

What do you call physical quantities that do not depend on other quantities for their measurement?

  • Mathematical quantities
  • Fundamental physical quantities (correct)
  • Chemical quantities
  • Derived physical quantities

How many fundamental physical quantities are recognized in physics?

<p>7 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a derived physical quantity?

<p>Volume (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do we call the unit associated with a fundamental physical quantity?

<p>Fundamental unit (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the dimensional formula of thermal conductivity?

<p>ML2T -2θ-1 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The measurements of electric current, thermodynamic temperature, and luminous intensity fall under which category?

<p>Fundamental physical quantities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following measurements has the correct number of significant figures?

<p>7.0 J (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these options describes the significance of measurement in science?

<p>Identifies and verifies scientific laws (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which unit are substances with larger masses usually measured?

<p>Kilograms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of unit is used for derived physical quantities?

<p>Derived unit (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which instrument provides a higher accuracy level than a mechanical watch?

<p>Electronic stopwatch (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Length, mass, and time are classified as which type of quantities?

<p>Fundamental physical quantities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the SI unit of area?

<p>Meter square (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the common name for the single system of units all scientists worldwide agree upon?

<p>Both A and B (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How accurate is the digital reading of an electronic stopwatch?

<p>0.10s (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of Force and its symbol?

<p>N (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which yantra is used to measure the hour angle of the sun?

<p>Phalak Yantra (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which yantra is developed to find the inclination of planets and stars?

<p>Yasti Yantra (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who developed the Phalak Yantra for measuring hour angle?

<p>Bhaskaracharya (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of the Phalak Yantra?

<p>Flat plate with a hole at the center (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the angle between the line joining an observer to the sun and the horizontal plane on Earth?

<p>Altitude angle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a good unit?

<p>It is perishable. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Units are classified into how many groups?

<p>4 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a set of fundamental and derived units known as?

<p>system of units (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which physical quantity has the same unit in all systems of units?

<p>mass (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many supplementary units are there in the S.I. system of units?

<p>2 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which unit is NOT considered a fundamental unit?

<p>newton (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What method is used to measure the distance of a planet from the Earth?

<p>parallax (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following errors cannot be controlled?

<p>random error (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term that refers to the highest point the sun reaches above our head?

<p>zenith (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Chakra yantra was historically used for which type of measurement?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term is used to refer to the angle in Chakra Yantra between the stick's shadow and the horizontal line?

<p>Natta (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the angle between the stick’s top point and its shadow in the Chakra Yantra?

<p>Unnatta (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Chaapa' refer to?

<p>Circle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which yantra was specifically utilized for measuring the vertical angle?

<p>Yasti Yantra (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of yantra mentioned for various measurements?

<p>Gravitation Yantra (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of Chakra Yantra, 'Natta' and 'Unnatta' are calculated for which purpose?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which material is used to cover Davy’s safety lamp?

<p>Insulating material (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A hot air balloon operates based on which gas law?

<p>Charles's law (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal temperature at N.T.P in Kelvin?

<p>2730K (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a gas occupies 40cm³ at 27°C, what would be its volume at 57°C if pressure is constant?

<p>44cm³ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to light when it travels from one medium to another?

<p>All of these (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In refraction, how does light behave when it moves from glass to air?

<p>i &lt; r (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the conditions necessary for Total Internal Reflection (T.I.R.)?

<p>Both (A) and (B) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the sine of the acceptance angle in optical fiber known as?

<p>Numerical aperture (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Physics

The branch of science that studies matter, energy, and their transformations in nature.

Measurement

A means of communicating information in engineering and science by assigning numerical values to physical quantities.

Fundamental Physical Quantities

Physical quantities that don't depend on other quantities for their measurement.

Fundamental Units

Units used to measure fundamental physical quantities.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Derived Physical Quantities

Physical quantities that are derived from other quantities.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Derived Units

Units used to measure derived physical quantities.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Standard Units

The standard units of measurement used for fundamental physical quantities.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Measurement

The process of determining the value of a physical quantity.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Accuracy

The closeness of a measurement to the true value.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Precision

How consistent repeated measurements are.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Dimensional Formula of Thermal Conductivity

The dimensional formula of thermal conductivity is ML^2T^-3θ^-1. This formula indicates how thermal energy is transferred through a material based on its mass, length, time, and temperature.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Significant Figures in Measurements

The result of multiple measurements should be expressed with the same number of significant figures as the measurement with the fewest significant figures. Therefore, the result should be 7J, as 6.7J has the fewest significant figures.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Unit of large mass

Large masses are often measured in kilograms (kg).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Precision of Time Measurement

An electronic stopwatch provides more accurate time measurements than a mechanical watch.

Signup and view all the flashcards

SI Unit of Area

The International System of Units (SI) defines a standardized system for units of measurement. The unit of area in the SI system is the square meter (m²).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Using Prefixes in SI Units

Prefixes are used to modify the size of SI units by factors of ten. For example, 'milli' (m) makes a unit 1000 times smaller and 'kilo' (k) makes a unit 1000 times larger.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Mercury Thermometer

Mercury thermometers are used to measure temperature accurately.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Sundial: Ancient Time Measurement

The sundial, invented in ancient Egypt around 800 BC, is a simple time-measuring device that uses the position of the sun to indicate time.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Chakra Yantra

A traditional Indian instrument for measuring the hour angle of the sun.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Phalak Yantra

A flat plate with a hole in the center used to find the positions of celestial objects.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Yasti Yantra

A device used to determine the inclination of planets and stars.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Dhanu Yantra

An instrument to calculate time by measuring the sun's altitude.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Bhaskaracharya

An Indian astronomer who developed the Phalaka Yantra to measure the hour angle.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Good Unit Characteristic

A quantity that is used to measure a physical quantity and is invariable, reproducible, and easily available.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Unit Classifications

Units are classified into two main groups: fundamental units and derived units.

Signup and view all the flashcards

System of Units

A system that combines fundamental and derived units to express all physical quantities.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Time Unit Consistency

The unit of time (seconds) remains the same in all systems of units.

Signup and view all the flashcards

International System of Units (SI)

The system of units that provides a standardized way to measure and exchange scientific data across the globe.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Uncontrollable Errors

Errors that cannot be prevented and are inherent in the measurement process.

Signup and view all the flashcards

M.K.S. System

A system that uses meter (m), kilogram (kg), and second (s) as fundamental units.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Zenith

The highest point that the sun reaches in the sky, directly overhead.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Natta

A component of the Chakra Yantra used to measure angles, referring to the angle between the stick's shadow and the horizontal line.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Unnatta

A component of the Chakra Yantra used to measure angles, referring to the angle between the stick's top point on the disk and the shadow of the stick.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Khardha

The top point of a vertical line on a Chakra Yantra.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Chaapa

A component of the Dhanu Yantra, referring to the arc or semicircle used in measurement.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Reciprocal

The reciprocal of a number is 1 divided by that number. It's like finding the 'opposite' of a number in terms of multiplication.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Davy's Safety Lamp

Davy's safety lamp uses a wire mesh to prevent explosions by allowing heat from a flame to escape while preventing the passage of flammable gases.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Hot Air Balloon

A hot air balloon rises because the heated air inside is less dense than the surrounding air, creating an upward force.

Signup and view all the flashcards

NTP (Normal Temperature and Pressure)

Normal Temperature and Pressure (NTP) refers to standard conditions for measuring gases. The normal temperature is 273 K, which is equal to 0 degrees Celsius.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Charles's Law

Charles's law describes how the volume of a gas changes with temperature at constant pressure. A gas expands when heated and contracts when cooled.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Refraction of Light

When light travels from one medium to another (like from air to water), its speed changes, causing it to bend. This bending is called refraction.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Critical Angle

The critical angle is the angle of incidence at which light refracts along the boundary of two mediums. If the angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle, total internal reflection occurs.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Total Internal Reflection (TIR)

Total Internal Reflection (TIR) occurs when light traveling from a denser medium to a rarer medium strikes the boundary at an angle greater than the critical angle, causing the light to be completely reflected back into the denser medium.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Units & Measurements (CO1)

  • Physics is the branch of science dealing with matter, energy, and their transformations in nature.
  • Measurement is a source of communication in engineering and science.
  • Necessity of measurement in science is for identifying and verifying laws.
  • Necessity of measurement in engineering is for accurate predictions and product quality assurance.
  • Fundamental physical quantities do not depend on other quantities for measurement. These include length, mass, time, electric current, thermodynamic temperature, amount of substance, and luminous intensity.
  • Derived physical quantities depend on other quantities for measurement.
  • Fundamental units are the units of fundamental quantities in the SI (International System) system.
  • Derived units are the units of derived quantities.
  • Supplementary physical quantities and their units are plane angle (radian) and solid angle (steradian).
  • SI Units are the internationally recognized units of measurement.
    • Length (meter - m)
    • Mass (kilogram - kg)
    • Time (second - s)
    • Electric current (ampere - A)
    • Thermodynamic temperature (kelvin - K)
    • Amount of substance (mole - mol)
    • Luminous intensity (candela - cd)

Additional Information

  • Magnitude is the numerical value of a physical quantity.
  • Unit is a standard quantity used for measuring a physical quantity.
  • Supplementary units are not derived from other quantities.
  • Accuracy is the closeness of a measured value to the actual value.
  • Significant figures are the number of digits in a measurement that carry meaningful information.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

Physics IMP PDF - 2023-2024 Past Paper

Description

This quiz focuses on the essential concepts of units and measurements within the field of physics. It covers fundamental and derived quantities, the importance of measurement in science and engineering, and the SI unit system. Test your knowledge on the foundational aspects of measuring different physical phenomena.

More Like This

Physics Fundamentals Quiz
3 questions

Physics Fundamentals Quiz

WarmChrysoprase avatar
WarmChrysoprase
Introduction to Units and Measurements
8 questions

Introduction to Units and Measurements

HonoredVignette avatar
HonoredVignette
Introduction to Units and Measurements
13 questions

Introduction to Units and Measurements

CheerfulSymbol3888 avatar
CheerfulSymbol3888
Introduction to Physics
20 questions

Introduction to Physics

OticCarnelian467 avatar
OticCarnelian467
Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser