Podcast
Questions and Answers
What year was the UAE founded as a federation?
What year was the UAE founded as a federation?
1971
How many emirates make up the UAE?
How many emirates make up the UAE?
Seven
Which emirate joined the UAE federation on 10 February 1972?
Which emirate joined the UAE federation on 10 February 1972?
Ras al Khaimah
What were the seven sheikdoms in the UAE formerly known as?
What were the seven sheikdoms in the UAE formerly known as?
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What do artifacts uncovered in the UAE show about its history?
What do artifacts uncovered in the UAE show about its history?
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What evidence suggests a rich history of trade with the Harappan culture of the Indus Valley?
What evidence suggests a rich history of trade with the Harappan culture of the Indus Valley?
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What was the significance of the response of Al Azd tribe to Muhammed's message in the 7th century?
What was the significance of the response of Al Azd tribe to Muhammed's message in the 7th century?
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Which battle in the 7th century marked a definitive Islamisation of the area?
Which battle in the 7th century marked a definitive Islamisation of the area?
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What were the key ports for trade during the Islamic era in the region?
What were the key ports for trade during the Islamic era in the region?
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What disrupted the Arab trade networks in the late Islamic era?
What disrupted the Arab trade networks in the late Islamic era?
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Which British action in 1809 and 1819 led to the sacking of Ras Al Khaimah?
Which British action in 1809 and 1819 led to the sacking of Ras Al Khaimah?
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What decision by the British in early 1968 led to the founding of a Federation in the region?
What decision by the British in early 1968 led to the founding of a Federation in the region?
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Study Notes
Geography and Establishment
- The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is located on the southeastern coast of the Persian Gulf and the northwestern coast of the Gulf of Oman.
- The UAE consists of seven emirates: Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Ajman, Umm Al Quwain, Fujairah, and Ras al Khaimah.
- The UAE was founded on 2 December 1971 as a federation, after UK armed forces left the region.
History
- Artifacts show a history of human habitation, transmigration, and trade spanning over 125,000 years.
- The area was previously home to the Magan people, who traded with the Sumerians.
- There is evidence of trade with the Harappan culture of the Indus Valley, Afghanistan, Bactria, and the Levant.
- The area became Islamised in the 7th century, consolidated by the Ridda Wars and the Battle of Dibba.
- The Islamic era saw the area emerge as an important centre for trade, centred around the ports of Julfar, Dibba, and Khor Fakkan.
European Involvement and British Protectorate
- The Portuguese invaded the area in the late Islamic era, disrupting trade networks and triggering a decline in trade.
- Conflicts between the maritime communities of the Trucial Coast and the British led to the sacking of Ras Al Khaimah by British forces in 1809 and 1819.
- The General Maritime Treaty of 1820 led to peace and prosperity along the coast, supporting a lively trade in natural pearls and other regional trade.
- A treaty of 1892 devolved external relations to the British in return for protectorate status.
Modern Era
- The British decided to withdraw from its involvement in the Trucial States in 1968, leading to the decision to found a Federation.
- Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan of Abu Dhabi and Sheikh Rashid bin Saeed Al Maktoum of Dubai led the formation of the Federation.
- Today, the UAE is a modern, oil exporting country with a highly diversified economy, with Dubai developing into a global city and a hub for tourism, retail, and finance.
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Description
Learn about the United Arab Emirates (UAE) which is a federation of seven emirates located in the Arabian Peninsula. Discover how the country was founded and the unique characteristics of each emirate.
