Unit Test - Physics XII

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Questions and Answers

What is the result of having an infinite number of reflections?

  • An infinite number of images are produced. (correct)
  • A finite number of images are produced.
  • Only one image is produced.
  • No images are produced.

Which angle of incidence results in total internal reflection when the refractive index of the second medium is greater than the first?

  • 45 degrees
  • 60 degrees (correct)
  • 90 degrees
  • 30 degrees

What contributes to the formation of a rainbow?

  • Reflection of light only.
  • Interference of light only.
  • Absorption of light.
  • Dispersion of light only. (correct)

If the refractive index of a medium is less than that of the previous one, how does the light behave at the boundary?

<p>It will always bend away from the normal. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which value of $v$ corresponds to the given refractive index conditions in the ray diagram?

<p>36 cm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does increasing the angle of incidence have when light travels from a denser medium to a rarer medium?

<p>It increases the angle of refraction. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a phenomenon resulting from the different speeds of light in various media?

<p>Dispersion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When light passes through two media with indices of refraction $, ext{1.5} \text{and} \text{1}$, which statement is true?

<p>The light slows down and bends toward the normal. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the nature of sound waves?

<p>Longitudinal (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What will happen to the normal of a mirror when the rotating axis is perpendicular to the plane of the mirror?

<p>It remains unchanged. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the critical angle when the refractive index is 1.5?

<p>22.6º (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the equation $ ext{IR} = 4I ext{cos}^2( rac{ ext{Δφ}}{2})$, what does the term 'I' represent?

<p>Intensity of incident wave (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Using the mirror formula, if $u = -3$ cm and $v = -5$ cm, what is the value of the focal length $f$?

<p>-2.5 cm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the angle of incidence is 45º, what is the equation to find the angle of refraction using Snell's Law?

<p>n1 sin(45º) = n2 sin(θr) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the angles of incidence $i$ and reflection $r$ on a plane mirror?

<p>i = r (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the formula $ an(θ) = 3/4$ imply in terms of the right triangle formed in optics?

<p>Opposite side = 3, Adjacent side = 4 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum length of a plane mirror required for a man who is 180 cm tall to see his full image?

<p>90 cm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Given that the object distance (u) is -40 cm, what is the focal length (f) if the image distance (v) is 200 cm?

<p>-50 cm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the magnification (m) is -3 and the object distance (u) is -15 cm, what is the image distance (v)?

<p>-45 cm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the focal length (f) of a lens with a refractive index (μ) of 1.5 and radii of curvature (R1 and R2) given by R1 = 25 cm and R2 = 15 cm?

<p>20 cm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the number of images formed when a light ray is incident at an angle causing multiple reflections?

<p>The number of images is equal to the number of reflections. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the image distance (v) is calculated to be 2 times the object distance (u), what can be inferred about the focal length?

<p>The focal length is more than the object distance. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the value of magnification (m) if the image height (h1) is 1.78 cm and the object height (h0) is 21 cm?

<p>0.78 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which equation correctly represents the relationship between object distance (u), image distance (v), and focal length (f) in optics?

<p>$\frac{1}{f} = \frac{1}{v} - \frac{1}{u}$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a scenario where the object distance is negative, what does this indicate about the position of the object in relation to the focal point?

<p>The object is virtual and not in the path of incoming light. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the refractive index and the focal length as represented by the lens maker's formula?

<p>Higher refractive index results in shorter focal lengths. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Infinite Reflections

When an object is placed between two parallel mirrors, an infinite number of images are formed due to multiple reflections.

Refraction

The bending of light as it passes from one medium to another.

Critical Angle

The angle of incidence at which the angle of refraction is 90 degrees.

Dispersion of Light

The splitting of white light into its component colors.

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Rainbow Formation

Rainbows result from light being dispersed by water droplets in the atmosphere.

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Image Formation by Refraction (two surfaces)

Calculating the final image position from multiple refraction surfaces using lens formulas or similar techniques.

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Different Mediums in Refraction

Presence of multiple mediums in the light path, affecting refraction calculations.

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Longitudinal sound waves

Sound waves that vibrate parallel to the direction of wave propagation.

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Polarisation of waves

Restricting the oscillations of a wave to a single plane.

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Mirror normal

A line perpendicular to the reflecting surface of a mirror.

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Critical angle

The angle of incidence that produces an angle of refraction of 90°.

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Mirror formula

1/f = 1/u + 1/v, where 'f' is the focal length, 'u' is the object distance, and 'v' is the image distance when working with spherical mirrors.

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Wavefront

A surface that contains all points that are in the same phase of a wave.

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Lens Formula

1/f = 1/u + 1/v, where f is focal length, u is object distance, and v is image distance.

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Magnification (m)

m = -v/u = h'/h, where h' is image height and h is object height.

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Mirror Equation

1/f = 1/p + 1/q where f is focal length, p is the object distance, and q is the image distance.

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Focal Length (f)

Fixed point on the principal axis of a lens, where light rays refract.

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Object Distance (u)

The distance of the object from the optical center of a lens or mirror

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Image Distance (v)

The distance of the image from the optical center of a lens or mirror.

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Plane Mirror

A flat mirror that forms upright, virtual images.

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Magnification

A measure of image size relative to the object size.

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Minimum Mirror Length

Half the height of the object for seeing the whole picture.

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Sign convention mirrors

Rules for assigning signs to distances from the principal axis.

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Concave Mirror

Mirror that curves inward, forming real or virtual images depending on the object position.

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Convex Mirror

A mirror that curves outward, always producing a virtual, upright, and diminished image.

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Refractive Index

The ratio of the speed of light in vacuum to the speed of light in a given medium.

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Study Notes

Unit Test - Physics XII

  • Multiple Choice Questions (Q1-Q50): A comprehensive test covering various physics topics for class 12 students.
  • Question Types: Problems, calculations, definitions, concepts, and applications.

Question 1 (Details not available)

  • Image Formation: Involves the concept of image formation with mirrors and a calculation to find the position of an object when a specific angle is given.

Question 2 (Details not available)

  • Plane Mirror: Questions about the minimum length of a plane mirror for a person to see their full image.

Question 3 (Details not available)

  • Mirror Formula: Used to calculate specific parameters related to the location of mirrors and their properties.

Question 4 (Details not available)

  • Focal Length: Formula is used to calculate focal length based on the object and the image location.

Question 5 (Details not available)

  • Magnification: Deals with magnification calculations, possibly involving mirrors or lenses.

Question 6 (Details not available)

  • Mirror Equation: Problem using a mirror equation to calculate the image position.

Question 7 (Details not available)

  • Mirrors/Lenses: Likely a question involving the calculation of an image's characteristics using mirror/lens equations.

Question 8 (Details not available)

  • Optics Calculation: Involves calculation for optics.

Question 9 (Details not available)

  • Optics: Likely a problem related to image formation by multiple reflections or refractions.

Question 10 (Details not available)

  • Lens Formula: Possibly a problem related to the lens maker formula, given different refractive index values for multiple surfaces.

Other Questions (Q11-Q50):

  • Optics: Cover a broad range of concepts related to light, reflection, refraction, rainbows, and interference. Specific calculations and formulas are embedded in the provided details.
  • Polarization: Deals with the properties of polarized light, relevant formulas and relationships are mentioned.
  • Interference: Includes the calculation of the difference in path for interference phenomena and applications to topics like fringe width.

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