24 Questions
Who formulated the Dalton model of the atom?
Dalton
Thomson's experiment on cathode ray tube showed that electrons have a positive charge.
False
What was the significance of Rutherford's model of the atom?
Rutherford's model introduced the concept of a small, dense nucleus at the center of the atom.
Thomson's experiment on cathode ray tube involved the use of a _______________________ tube.
cathode ray
Which model of the atom is also known as the planetary model?
Bohr Rutherford model
Dalton's model of the atom assumes that atoms are indivisible.
True
Match the following scientists with their contributions:
Dalton = Introduced the concept of atoms Thomson = Discovered the electron Rutherford = Introduced the concept of the nucleus Bohr = Developed the planetary model of the atom
What was the purpose of Thomson's experiment on cathode ray tube?
To determine the nature of cathode rays and identify the particles that make them up.
What is the term for a substance that contains only one type of atom?
Element
A compound is a type of mixture.
False
What is the difference between an element and a compound?
An element is a substance that contains only one type of atom, while a compound is a substance that contains two or more different elements.
A substance that contains two or more different elements is called a _______________________.
compound
Match the following terms with their definitions:
Matter = Anything that takes up space and has mass Mixture = A physical blend of two or more substances Element = A substance that contains only one type of atom Compound = A substance that contains two or more different elements
What is the term for a physical blend of two or more substances?
Mixture
All compounds are mixtures.
True
Which scientist is known for the gold foil experiment?
Rutherford
What is the difference between the number of atoms and the number of molecules in a substance?
The number of atoms refers to the individual atoms in a substance, while the number of molecules refers to the groups of atoms bonded together.
Elements in the same group have different valence electrons.
False
What is the term for the electrons that participate in chemical reactions?
valence electrons
Elements in the same period have the same _______________.
number of electron shells
Which category of elements includes Sulphur and Silver?
Non-metals
Match the following elements with their respective categories:
Helium = Noble gas Tin = Alkaline Earth metal Silver = Non-metal Bromine = Halogens
The atomic radius of an atom decreases as you move from left to right across a period.
True
The most active non-metal is _______________.
Fluorine
Study Notes
Classification of Matter
- Matter can be classified into three categories: elements, compounds, and mixtures
- Elements are substances that consist of only one type of atom, e.g. hydrogen, oxygen, carbon
- Compounds are substances that consist of two or more different elements, e.g. water (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2)
- Mixtures are substances that consist of two or more different elements or compounds, but are not chemically combined, e.g. air, soil
Atomic Structure
- Dalton model: atoms are indivisible and cannot be broken down into smaller particles
- Thomson model: atoms consist of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by negatively charged electrons
- Rutherford model: atoms consist of a small, dense nucleus surrounded by electrons, with most of the atom's mass concentrated in the nucleus
- Bohr-Rutherford model: atoms consist of a small, dense nucleus surrounded by electrons in specific energy levels or shells
Experiments
- Thomson's cathode ray tube experiment: demonstrated the existence of electrons and their negative charge
- Rutherford's gold foil experiment: demonstrated the existence of a small, dense nucleus in an atom and the concept of atomic structure
Periodic Table
- Elements in the same group/family have similar characteristics because they have the same number of valence electrons
- Elements in the same period have different characteristics because they have different numbers of valence electrons
- The periodic table is organized into groups (1-8) and periods (1-7)
- The table can be divided into different sections, including:
- Metals (left side and center of the table)
- Non-metals (right side of the table)
- Halogens (Group 7)
- Noble gases (Group 8)
- Alkaline metals (Group 1)
- Alkaline earth metals (Group 2)
- Lanthanides (below the main table)
- Actinides (below the main table)
This quiz covers the basics of matter, including elements, compounds, and mixtures. It's designed for chemistry students to test their understanding of the nature of matter.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
