Unit 9: Intro to Anatomy & Physiology

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Questions and Answers

What is the difference between anatomy and physiology?

Anatomy is the study of the structure of organisms, while physiology is the study of the processes of living organisms or how they work.

What are the 4 types of tissue?

  • Epithelial (correct)
  • Nervous (correct)
  • Connective (correct)
  • Muscle (correct)

What is the study of how disease occurs and the response of the living organism to the disease process?

Pathophysiology

Flashcards

Anatomy

Study of the structure and form of organisms.

Physiology

Study of the processes of living organisms and how they work.

Pathophysiology

Study of how disease occurs and the body's response to disease.

Congenital disease

Diseases acquired during uterine development.

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Inherited disease

Diseases passed from parents to offspring through genetics.

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Infectious disease

Diseases caused by pathogens like bacteria and viruses.

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Degenerative disease

Deterioration of structure/function due to aging or lifestyle choices.

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Sagittal Plane

Divides the body into left and right parts.

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Coronal Plane

Divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) sections.

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Transverse Plane

Divides the body into superior (top) and inferior (bottom) halves.

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Ventral Cavities

Cavities located at the front of the body, including thoracic and abdominal.

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Dorsal Cavity

A continuous cavity located on the back of the body.

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Orbital Cavity

The cavity that contains the eyes.

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Thoracic Cavity

Cavity containing your lungs and heart.

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Abdominal Cavity

Cavity containing digestive organs like stomach and intestines.

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Pelvic Cavity

Cavity housing the bladder and reproductive organs.

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Quadrants of the abdomen

Four main sections of the abdominal area: RUQ, LUQ, RLQ, LLQ.

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Abdominal Regions

Nine regions of the abdomen to specify locations.

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Epithelial Tissue

Tissue that covers surfaces and lines cavities.

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Connective Tissue

Tissue that supports and binds other tissues.

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Nervous Tissue

Tissue responsible for transmitting impulses and communication.

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Muscle Tissue

Tissue that enables movement in the body.

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Cell Membrane

Outer boundary of a cell, controlling what enters/exits.

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Mitosis

Asexual process of cell division for growth and repair.

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Meiosis

Sexual reproduction process creating gametes (sperm/eggs).

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Organ Systems

Groups of organs working together for related functions.

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Organism

A living being made up of multiple organ systems working together.

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Tissues vs Organs

Tissues are groups of cells, while organs are groups of tissues.

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Body Planes

Imaginary lines dividing the body into sections: sagittal, coronal, transverse.

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Study Notes

Unit 9: Intro to Anatomy & Physiology

  • Unit Objectives:
    • Apply appropriate terminology to major organs & systems of the human body system.
    • Identify major functions of each body system.
    • Describe basic diseases affecting each body system.

F.Q.?: What is the difference between anatomy and Physiology?

  • Anatomy: Study of the form of organisms.

  • Physiology: Study of the processes of living organisms, or why/how they work.

  • Pathophysiology: Study of how disease occurs & the response of the living organism to the disease process.

  • Congenital:

    • Cleft lip
    • Spina bifida
    • Uterine development
  • Inherited

  • Infectious

  • Degenerative: Deterioration of structure/function caused by aging or lifestyle choices

    • COPD
    • Osteoarthritis

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