Unit 3 Lesson 4 Sufficiency

Questions and Answers

What evidence could strengthen the prosecution's case against an accused?

Circumstantial evidence (correct)

An eyewitness account

Character references

Mathematical proof

Which factor is NOT mentioned as part of circumstantial evidence that could lead to a conviction?

Opportunity (correct)

Guilty Intent

Motive

Ability

What would the recovery of the discarded purse contribute to the case?

It is irrelevant to the situation.

It supports the corroboration of testimony. (correct)

It serves as direct evidence of theft.

It may be used to establish motive.

Which of the following is an example of guilty intent?

Planning a heist for financial gain Signup and view all the answers

How could matching the description of a thief impact a case?

It could serve as circumstantial evidence. Signup and view all the answers

What indicates that an accused had the necessary ability to commit a crime?

Possessing the required skills or strength Signup and view all the answers

What is crucial for corroborating witness testimony in a criminal case?

Additional circumstantial evidence Signup and view all the answers

If the prosecution can demonstrate that the accused was found in possession of the same banknotes stolen, it primarily serves to:

Corroborate witness testimony. Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'sufficiency of evidence' refer to?

The adequacy of evidence to support a claim Signup and view all the answers

What is 'best evidence' in the context of two or more eyewitnesses?

The evidence that is most consistently corroborated Signup and view all the answers

What type of evidence is necessary to support the testimony of one eyewitness?

Corroborative evidence Signup and view all the answers

Which technology mentioned is most directly related to enhancing the sufficiency of evidence?

CCTV Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following advancements has NOT contributed to the sufficiency of evidence in criminal investigations?

Self-report surveys Signup and view all the answers

In the context of sufficiency, what is the role of intelligence-led policing?

To enhance decision making through gathering and analyzing data Signup and view all the answers

How does advanced forensic techniques improve the sufficiency of evidence?

By providing more detailed examinations of physical evidence Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of using technology in crime detection as noted in the lesson?

To supplement and strengthen the various types of evidence Signup and view all the answers

What must always be present for a case to be considered strong?

Central strand of identification Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions could indicate an accused person's guilt?

Concealing their identity Signup and view all the answers

Under the Moorov Doctrine, what is necessary for evidence from separate incidents to be considered corroborative?

The incidents must be sufficiently similar and connected Signup and view all the answers

What kind of evidence must be shown to prove circumstantial evidence in a case?

Witness evidence about its relationship to the case Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best represents the concept of opportunity in a crime?

Being physically present at the crime scene Signup and view all the answers

What could weaken a criminal case significantly?

Absence of corroborative evidence from multiple witnesses Signup and view all the answers

What constitutes preparation evidence in a criminal case?

Purchase of weapons or tools for committing the crime Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the phrase 'fewer strands, the weaker the case' in criminal law?

It highlights the need for various types of corroborative evidence Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'sufficiency of evidence' refer to in a legal context?

The reliability and relevance of evidence in a case Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by 'best evidence' when considering two or more eye witnesses?

The evidence that confirms the testimony of the witnesses Signup and view all the answers

What type of evidence is required to support the testimony of one eye witness?

Corroborative evidence Signup and view all the answers

What does 'circumstantial evidence' indicate in a criminal case?

Evidence that relies on inference to connect the dots Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following elements would NOT provide sufficient circumstantial evidence for a conviction?

A witness recalling unrelated past events Signup and view all the answers

What might be a key factor in determining the sufficiency of circumstantial evidence?

Consistency across various pieces of evidence Signup and view all the answers

In the absence of eyewitnesses, which scenario could provide the highest sufficiency for conviction?

Physical evidence linking the suspect to the crime scene Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is not considered when evaluating the best evidence from eye witnesses?

Size of the witness group Signup and view all the answers

What key action should be prioritized when first arriving at a crime scene?

Assisting the victim Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of an incident could be considered circumstantial evidence?

A suspect's whereabouts at the time Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an important strand of evidence to look for at a crime scene?

The victim's financial records Signup and view all the answers

In the context of a crime scene investigation, defining trust and cooperation with the victim is important because it helps in what way?

Facilitates the collection of evidence Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to circulate a suspect's description at the crime scene?

To increase the chances of apprehension Signup and view all the answers

What kind of evidence might be gathered from the victim's surroundings?

Witness statements Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is essential when considering where to gather further evidence after a crime scene investigation?

The condition of the crime scene Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of identifying important strands of evidence during an incident investigation?

To establish a timeline of events Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Lesson Aim and Learning Outcomes

Understand the concept of sufficiency of evidence and its implications in criminal investigations.
Explain the meaning of best evidence in relation to multiple eyewitnesses.
Identify corroborative evidence needed to support a single eyewitness's testimony.
Recognize circumstantial evidence and its role in substantiating claims.

Importance of Evidence Gathering

Advances in technology (DNA testing, CCTV, forensic techniques) enhance criminal detection.
First responders should assist victims and gather evidence to establish trust and cooperation.
Key evidence strands include description of suspects, location, and items found.

Circumstantial Evidence

Circumstantial evidence must collectively support witness testimonies for conviction.
Important factors include:
- Proximity to crime
- Matching suspect description
- Possession of stolen money
- Recovery of discarded items near the suspect

Types of Circumstantial Evidence (MAGICOP)

Motive: Reason for committing a crime (greed, revenge).
Ability: Skills or strength enabling the crime.
Guilty Intent: Evidence of intention to commit crime.
Identification: Forensic evidence (DNA, fingerprints).
Conduct after the Crime: Actions taken post-crime (e.g., fleeing).
Opportunity: Evidence showing the accused was at the crime scene.
Preparation: Acquiring tools or weapons prior to the act.

Moorov Doctrine

Reliance on evidence from multiple witnesses is typically necessary for conviction; however, the similarities between different incidents can support a connection.
The doctrine allows for the possibility of corroborative evidence across separate incidents when specific conditions are satisfied.

Best Evidence and Corroboration

Supporting testimony is crucial when relying on circumstantial evidence.
Best evidence involves gathering the most direct and reliable forms of proof available.
Each piece of circumstantial evidence requires corroboration to ensure its validity.

Summary of Key Concepts

Sufficient circumstantial evidence can lead to a conviction without relying solely on eyewitness testimony.
Different strands of evidence contribute to the overall strength of a case; fewer strands indicate a weaker argument.
Understanding how to collect and present evidence effectively is critical for successful law enforcement outcomes.

Studying That Suits You

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Explore the key concepts of sufficiency in this quiz from Unit 3, Lesson 4. Test your understanding of how sufficiency applies in various contexts and metrics. Engage with examples and questions that enhance your grasp on this critical topic.