Unit 2: The Internet and the Web

A global network of interconnected computers and devices that allows data exchange.

The precursor to the modern internet, connecting four main computers in 1969.

The process of sending information between devices on the internet.

Standardized rules that govern computer communication on the internet.

A system of interconnected documents and resources accessed through the internet using URLs.

A unique address that locates specific resources on the World Wide Web

A unique numerical label assigned to each device connected to the internet.

Translates domain names to IP addresses, making it easier to access websites

Around 3 billion people currently use the internet daily for various purposes, like communication, work, and learning.

Researchers predict 7.5 billion internet users and 500 billion connected devices by 2030.

The internet is a layered network of protocols and technologies. Understanding its structure is important for web design.

Computers, smartphones, servers, and routers are examples of internet devices that connect to a network.

The internet relies on physical components like cables (copper, fiber optic) to connect devices.

A company that provides access to the internet, enabling client computers to connect.

The internet is a vast network of private, public, academic, business, and government networks.

In its initial stages, the internet was primarily used by computer experts, scientists, engineers, and librarians.

The internet's functionality evolved from a complex system for experts to a network used by many, facilitated by technological improvements and consumer adaptation.

Transport Control Protocol and Internet Protocol standardized how information was sent, improving consistency and reliability regardless of access point.

National Science Foundation funded NSFNET, a network of supercomputers, promoting personal computing by enabling broader use of computers.

The University of Minnesota and University of Nevada at Reno developed a user-friendly internet interface, allowing for easier access to information and files using the internet.

The National Science Foundation ended its backing of NSFNET in 1995 and this removed commercial use restrictions, allowing rapid diversification and growth of the internet.

Companies like AOL, CompuServe, and Prodigy, offered early commercial internet services to consumers shortly after the removal of commercial use restrictions on the internet.

The introduction of Wi-Fi and Windows 98 in the late 90s marked the technology industry's support for the commercial aspects of the internet.

Crucial for intercontinental data transmission.

Manage network traffic by forwarding data packets to destinations.

Central to data exchange, storing and sending data.

Facilities with many servers for data processing and cloud services.

Internet access, domain registration, web hosting, and network security.

Protecting the network from threats like hacking and malware.

Components like cables, routers, and switches that support internet connectivity.