Unit 1 - Digital Information
18 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of sampling in digital information representation?

  • To compress data without losing information
  • To store data in a structured format
  • To measure analog data at regular intervals (correct)
  • To convert digital data into analog data

    • Which statement correctly describes the difference between lossless and lossy compression?

  • Lossy compression is reversible while lossless is not.
  • Lossless compression reduces file size without losing any data, while lossy compression sacrifices some data for smaller size. (correct)
  • Lossy compression can be reversible while lossless compression cannot.
  • Lossless compression loses some information, whereas lossy compression does not.

    • What defines an IP address in the context of the Internet?

  • A reference to the data transmission speed of a device
  • A protocol for secure data transmission
  • The physical location of a device connecting to the Internet
  • A unique code used to identify a device on a network (correct)

    • Which of the following best describes the term 'overflow error'?

    <p>An error that occurs due to exceeding the capacity of a numerical representation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of a computing network?

    <p>To allow devices to connect and share data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'bandwidth' refer to in a computing context?

    <p>The maximum amount of data that can be transmitted in a given time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of digital data?

    <p>A photograph taken with a digital camera</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'creative commons' enable authors to do with their work?

    <p>Share and allow others to build upon their creations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the Domain Name System (DNS)?

    <p>To translate domain names into IP addresses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which programming style involves two programmers alternately writing code and planning progress?

    <p>Pair Programming</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is redundancy in a computer network?

    <p>Extra components ensuring system functionality if others fail</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a variable represent in programming?

    <p>A named reference to a value that can be reused</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines event-driven programming?

    <p>Program statements are executed based on events or triggers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is data cleaning characterized?

    <p>Making data uniform without changing its inherent meaning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which option best describes metadata?

    <p>Data that organizes and categorizes stored data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of fault-tolerant systems?

    <p>They require complete network shutdowns for updates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do comparison operators play in programming?

    <p>To determine the relationship between values</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is intended by the term 'digital divide'?

    <p>A disparity in access to computing and the Internet based on various factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Unit 1 - Digital Information

    • Binary: Represents information using only two options (0 or 1).
    • Decimal: Represents information using ten options (0-9).
    • Bit: Short for "Binary Digit," the basic unit of information in computing (0 or 1).
    • Byte: Eight bits.
    • Overflow Error: Occurs when trying to represent a number too large for the available space.
    • Round-off Error: Occurs when trying to represent a number with too much precision; the value is rounded.
    • Analog Data: Data with continuously changing values over time (e.g., music, color).
    • Digital Data: Data changing in discrete steps through a finite set of values.
    • Sampling: Measuring analog data at regular intervals to create a digital representation.
    • Lossless Compression: Reduces bits without losing information; reversible.
    • Lossy Compression: Reduces bits by discarding some information; irreversible.
    • Intellectual Property: Creative works (writing, designs) with associated rights (patents, copyrights, trademarks).
    • Creative Commons: Public copyright licenses allowing free distribution of copyrighted works.

    Unit 2 - The Internet

    • Computing Device: Machine running a program (computers, tablets, servers, routers).
    • Computing System: Group of computing devices and programs working together.
    • Computing Network: Connected computing devices sending and receiving data.
    • Path: Sequence of connections between devices in a network.
    • Bandwidth: Maximum data sent in a fixed time (bits per second).
    • Protocol: Agreed-upon set of rules for system behavior.
    • IP Address: Unique number assigned to each device on the Internet.
    • Internet Protocol (IP): Protocol for sending data across the Internet.
    • Router: Computer that forwards data across a network.
    • Packet: Chunk of data sent over a network; can arrive out of order.
    • Redundancy: Including extra components for fault tolerance (multiple paths between devices).
    • Fault Tolerant: System that continues operating even with component failure.
    • HTTP: HyperText Transfer Protocol; used for transmitting web pages.
    • Domain Name System (DNS): Translates domain names (e.g., example.com) into IP addresses.
    • Internet: Interconnected network using standardized communication protocols.
    • World Wide Web: System of linked pages, programs, and files within the Internet.
    • Digital Divide: Unequal access to computing devices and the Internet based on factors like socioeconomic status.

    Unit 3 - Intro to App Design

    • User Interface (UI): Inputs and outputs enabling user interaction with software (buttons, menus, etc.).
    • Input: Data sent to a computer from a user (tactile, audio, visual, text).
    • Output: Data sent from a program or device (tactile, audio, visual, text).
    • Program Statement: Command or instruction.
    • Program: Collection of program statements; executes commands sequentially.
    • Sequential Programming: Statements run in order, top to bottom.
    • Event-Driven Programming: Statements run in response to specific events (mouse click, key press).
    • Documentation: Written description of how code works, used by others (and the original programmer).
    • Comment: Code documentation ignored by program execution.
    • Pair Programming: Two programmers collaborating on code; one writes, one plans / tracks.
    • Debugging: Identifying and fixing problems in code or algorithms.
    • Development Process: Steps to create software (e.g., investigating, designing, prototyping, testing).
    • Event: Action triggering input data for a program (key press, mouse click).

    Unit 4 - Variables, Conditionals, and Functions

    • Expression: Combination of operators and values resulting in a single value.
    • Assignment Operator: Changes a variable's value.
    • Variable: Named reference to a value used in programs.
    • String: Ordered sequence of characters.
    • Boolean Value: Data type (true or false).
    • Comparison Operators: (=, ==, !=, >, <, >=, <=); evaluate to true or false.
    • Logical Operator: (NOT, AND, OR); evaluate to a Boolean value.
    • Conditional Statement: Controls program flow based on Boolean conditions.
    • Function: Named group of programming instructions.
    • Function Call: Command executing the code within a function.

    Unit 5 - Data

    • Metadata: Data about data.
    • Citizen Science: Scientific research involving distributed individuals contributing data.
    • Cleaning Data: Making data uniform without changing meaning (e.g., standardizing spellings/abbreviations).
    • Correlation: Relationship between two pieces of data (how one changes in relation to the other).
    • Crowdsourcing: Obtaining input or information from a large number of people online.
    • Information: Facts and patterns extracted from data.
    • Data Bias: Data not accurately representing the full population/phenomenon.
    • Data Filtering: Choosing a subset of data for analysis.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Description

    Explore the fundamental concepts of digital information in this quiz. Test your knowledge on binary systems, data types, and error handling, as well as the differences between analog and digital data. Understand key terms like bits, bytes, and intellectual property.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser