Union Legislature in India: Overview and Functions Quiz

Union Legislature in India: A Comprehensive Overview

The Indian union legislature is a vital institution responsible for passing laws, debating public policies, scrutinizing executive actions, and representing the people's interests. This system consists of two houses—the Rajya Sabha and the Lok Sabha—with distinct features, roles, and functions within the federal structure of our nation.

Parliament of India

The Parliament of India is the supreme lawmaking body, comprising the President, who holds a mostly ceremonial role, and the two Houses: Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha. It has a dual responsibility to ensure that both national integrity and state autonomy are maintained.

Rajya Sabha

Rajya Sabha, meaning Council of States, is the upper house consisting of elected representatives with a six-year term; one third retiring every two years through indirect elections by State/UT Legislative Assemblies. While it does not have equal representation as per population like its lower counterpart, Rajya Sabha plays a crucial role in revising Bills passed by the Lok Sabha.

Lok Sabha

Lok Sabha, meaning House of People, represents the electorate directly. With members serving five-year terms unless dissolved earlier, it follows a 'first past the post' method of election based on single-member constituencies throughout India.

Functions and Powers of the Union Legislature

Lawmaking

Under normal circumstances, bills must pass through both houses before they can become acts. However, some Bills can only go to the Rajya Sabha if approved previously by the Lok Sabha, while others need the approval of either house but later assent from the President. The Constitution also allows for special procedures involving financial matters and constitutional amendments.

Debates and Question Time

Both Houses conduct regular question hours where MPs ask questions related to their specific portfolios and ongoing issues affecting citizens. Additionally, discussions on important policy decisions, budgetary allocation, and other pressing concerns take place during sittings, providing avenues for MPs to voice their opinions and seek information from government officials.

Scrutiny and Oversight

Parliament exercises control over the functioning of various arms of the Government through Committees, discussions, resolutions, and questions. For instance, Standing and Select committees examine specific areas of governance and assess the performance of ministries.

Representatives of the Citizens

Members of Parliament serve as advocates of the peoples' interest when deliberating upon laws and policies. They raise public grievances and work towards improving living conditions and accessibility of basic amenities.

In conclusion, understanding the Union Legislature structure and its working principles provides valuable insights into effective democratic governance and how rules are shaped in today's socioeconomic milieu.