Unifying Themes in Biology

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Questions and Answers

All organisms share certain characteristics. Which of the following is a shared characteristic?

  • Response to the environment. All organisms must react to their environment to survive. (correct)
  • Need for energy. All organisms need a source of energy to carry out life processes. (correct)
  • Made up of one or more cells. A cell is the basic unit of life. (correct)
  • Reproduction and development. Members of a species must have the ability to produce new individuals (correct)

What is the molecule called that carries genetic material that contains the information that determines inherited characteristics?

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

A system can be both a part of another system and a system in itself.

True (A)

What is an example of a system that has different parts such as a webbed foot, which helps ducks swim and search for food under water.

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Flashcards

Basic unit of life

A cell is the fundamental structural and functional unit of all known living organisms.

Energy need in organisms

All living things need energy for their life processes. Energy is crucial for life to exist and sustain itself.

Response to environment

Organisms react and adapt to changes in their surroundings. This is crucial for survival.

Reproduction and development

The process by which organisms create new individuals and pass on genetic information.

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Organism's structure

Physical form, shape, and organization of a living being.

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Organism's function

The job, task or action that a living thing does.

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Biological system

A group of interconnected parts working together in a living organism.

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Ecosystem

A community of organisms interacting with their physical environment.

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Prokaryotic cell

A type of cell lacking a membrane-bound nucleus and other organelles.

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Eukaryotic cell

A type of cell with a membrane-bound nucleus and other organelles.

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Producer

An organism that makes its own food (usually using sunlight) in an ecosystem.

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Consumer

An organism that eats other organisms for energy in an ecosystem.

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Decomposer

An organism that breaks down dead organisms and returns nutrients to the environment in an ecosystem.

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Levels of biological organization

The different hierarchical levels of organization in living organisms, from cells to biosphere.

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Levels of ecological organization

The different hierarchical levels of organization of living things and their environment in an ecosystem.

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DNA

Deoxyribonucleic acid - the molecule carrying genetic instructions for living organisms.

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Webbed Feet

Feet with webbing that allow swimming and water movement.

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System

A group of interconnected parts that work together for a common purpose.

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Characteristics of life

Essential features defining living organisms.

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Energy flow

The passage of energy from producers to consumers and decomposers in an ecosystem.

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Organ systems

Groups of organs working together to perform complex bodily functions

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Cells

Fundamental unit of all living organisms

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Study Notes

Unifying Themes in Biology

  • All organisms share key characteristics
    • Composed of one or more cells, the fundamental unit of life; single-celled organisms are common.
    • Require energy sources for life processes, from chemical energy.
    • Respond to environmental stimuli; react to light, temperature, touch.
    • Reproduce and pass genetic material (DNA); crucial for species continuation.
    • Develop and change throughout their lifecycles.

Interconnected Systems

  • Life at all levels (cells to ecosystems) is organised into systems.
    • Systems consist of interacting parts, each crucial for the whole.
    • Examples: cells forming tissues, tissues forming organs, and organs forming organ systems.

Structure and Function

  • Structure strongly influences organism function.
    • An organism's body plan relates to its role and environment.
    • The webbed foot of a duck, for instance, suits its aquatic lifestyle, aiding in swimming and foraging, as opposed to the feet of birds who perch.

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