Understanding Yeast Doughs
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Questions and Answers

What is lean dough?

A dough that is low in fat and sugar.

What is rich dough?

A dough that is high in fat, sugar, and sometimes eggs.

What is laminated dough?

A dough in which fat is incorporated into the dough in many layers by using rolling and folding procedure.

What is the pickup stage?

<p>The first phase of mixing dough where flours and other dry ingredients are hydrated or combined with liquid ingredients.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the cleanup stage?

<p>The second phase in mixing a dough in which the dough is formed enough to pull away from the sides of the bowl in a compact mass.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial development phase?

<p>Part of the third phase where the dough is initially formed and appears rough and under-mixed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the final development phase?

<p>The final phase of mixing dough in which gluten is formed and the dough is smooth and elastic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the straight dough method?

<p>The simplest form of mixing a dough consisting of only one step where all ingredients are mixed together at one time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is sponge?

<p>A yeast dough mixing method in which flour and other ingredients are mixed into yeast batter or dough that has already had some fermentation time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is yeast starter?

<p>Another term for sponge.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is yeast preferment?

<p>Pre-fermentation is when yeast starts fermentation process during the mixing stage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a short mix?

<p>A mixing technique requiring a short mixing time and a long fermentation time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an improved mix?

<p>A mixing technique requiring a medium mixing time and medium fermentation time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an intensive mix?

<p>A mixing technique requiring a long mixing time and a short fermentation time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is gluten window?

<p>A test that bakers do to test the degree of gluten development.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is extensibility?

<p>A term describing a yeast dough that is easily stretched.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is elasticity?

<p>A term describing a yeast dough that springs back when stretched.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the tenacity of a dough?

<p>A term describing a dough that is difficult to stretch.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is fermentation?

<p>The process by which yeast acts on carbohydrates to alcohol and carbon dioxide gas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is young dough?

<p>A dough that has not fermented long enough.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is old dough?

<p>An over-fermented dough.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is punching?

<p>Another term used for folding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is rounding?

<p>A term used for preshaping the dough into smooth round balls.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is benching?

<p>A term used for simply resting the preshaped dough on a bench or a special place, covered for a certain period of time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is hearth bread?

<p>Bread that is baked directly on the bottom of the oven, not in a pan.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is proofing?

<p>The continuation of the yeast action, after the dough has been shaped into loaves or other products, resulting in an increase in volume.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is oven spring?

<p>The rapid rise of a yeast dough in the oven due to the production and expansion of gases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is wash?

<p>A liquid that is brushed onto the surface of a product, usually before baking.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is short dough fermentation?

<p>A short proofing time of one to two and a half hours at 90 degrees F after taking out of the mixer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is long-term fermentation?

<p>A technique where proofing time is 4 to 5 hours or longer at 75 degrees F.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is retarding?

<p>Refrigerating a yeast dough to slow the fermentation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Understanding Yeast Doughs

  • Lean Dough: Low in fat and sugar; focuses on basic ingredients for bread-making.

  • Rich Dough: Contains high levels of fat, sugar, and sometimes eggs; used for richer pastries and desserts.

  • Laminated Dough: Dough with multiple layers of fat, created through rolling and folding; used for pastries like croissants.

  • Pickup Stage: Initial mixing phase where dry ingredients are hydrated with liquid; essential for dough formation.

  • Cleanup Stage: Second mixing phase where dough forms a compact mass that separates from the bowl.

  • Initial Development Phase: Initial formation of dough appears rough and under-mixed; early gluten development.

  • Final Development Phase: Last mixing stage where gluten becomes strong, resulting in smooth, elastic dough.

  • Straight Dough Method: Simplest mixing method; all ingredients combined at once without any pre-fermentation.

  • Sponge: A yeast dough mixing method with pre-fermented yeast and flour; adds depth to flavor and texture.

  • Yeast Starter & Preferment: Terms referring to pre-fermented yeast mixtures used to enhance dough fermentation.

  • Short Mix: Mixing technique with minimal time, emphasizing longer fermentation for flavor and texture development.

  • Improved Mix: Medium mixing time and fermentation; balances dough structure and flavor.

  • Intensive Mix: Long mixing and short fermentation time; produces dough with strong gluten structure.

  • Gluten Window Test: Method to assess gluten development by stretching dough; smooth window indicates proper development.

  • Extensibility: Ability of dough to stretch easily; important for shaping and final product structure.

  • Elasticity: Property of dough that causes it to spring back when stretched; crucial for maintaining shape.

  • Tenacity: Resistance to stretching; indicates dough strength, affecting overall texture.

  • Fermentation: Yeast's metabolic process converting carbohydrates into alcohol and carbon dioxide; vital for leavening.

  • Young Dough: Dough not fermented enough, leading to subpar texture and flavor.

  • Old Dough: Over-fermented dough; results in undesirable flavors and poor structure.

  • Punching: Also known as folding; technique to redistribute gases and strengthen dough.

  • Rounding: Process of shaping dough into smooth balls; prepares for final shaping and proofing.

  • Benching: Resting preshaped dough, covered, for optimal gluten relaxation before shaping.

  • Hearth Bread: Baked directly on oven floor; creates a crusty exterior and unique flavor profile.

  • Proofing: Continuation of yeast action post-shaping; increases volume and enhances texture.

  • Oven Spring: Rapid dough rise in the oven due to gas expansion; contributes to final loaf height.

  • Wash: Liquid applied to dough surface before baking; enriches color and texture of crust.

  • Short Dough Fermentation: Quick proofing (1-2.5 hours at 90°F) for yeast activity and texture.

  • Long Term Fermentation: Extended proofing (4-5 hours or more at 75°F) encourages complex flavors; involves multiple folds.

  • Retarding: Refrigeration technique to slow yeast activity; controls fermentation rate for better flavor.

  • Retarder Proofer: Equipment designed to create ideal conditions for slow fermentation and proofing.

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Description

Explore the different types of yeast doughs, including lean, rich, and laminated doughs. Learn about the stages of dough development and various mixing methods such as the straight dough method and sponge technique. This quiz will enhance your baking knowledge and improve your culinary skills.

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