19 Questions
What is the main reason why pyroclastic surges are more dangerous to humans compared to pyroclastic flows?
Pyroclastic surges contain poisonous gases and steam that can suffocate people.
What is the main difference between pyroclastic flows and tephra?
Tephra are larger chunks of rocks ejected from a volcano compared to pyroclastic flows.
Which volcanic eruption resulted in the destruction of the city of Saint Pierre and the death of more than 29,000 people due to a pyroclastic surge?
Mount Pelee eruption in 1902
Why is tephra particularly destructive to individuals and their property?
Their huge size and weight make them destructive upon impact.
What impact can the thick layers of ash associated with tephra have on respiratory health?
They can significantly impact respiratory health across a wide region.
How did tephra contribute to the death of nearly 80,000 people during the 1815 Tambora eruption?
By destroying food supplies due to vegetation destruction.
What happens when tephra is ejected high into the atmosphere during a volcanic eruption?
It becomes electrically charged and can produce lightning.
What is a potential hazard associated with tephra that has caused fatalities in volcanic eruptions like Mount Pelee and Tambora?
Lightning strikes that result in fatalities.
Apart from destruction, what was another impact of tephra during the Tambora eruption?
Famine due to loss of food supplies
What is the main reason why pyroclastic surges are more likely to cause death in humans?
The combination of poisonous gases and steam in the pyroclastic clouds
What is the main characteristic that distinguishes tephra from pyroclastic flows?
Tephra consists of much larger chunks of rocks and debris
What were the primary factors that caused the death of 1,335 individuals during the 1911 Taal Volcano eruption?
Toxic gases and ash ejected from the volcano
How do tephra travel long distances and cause significant destruction?
By being propelled at high speeds from the volcano
What makes tephra particularly destructive to individuals and their property?
The large size and weight of tephra pieces
What makes pyroclastic surges more lethal to humans compared to pyroclastic flows?
The steam and gases in the pyroclastic clouds
During a volcanic eruption, what is one of the potential hazards associated with tephra expulsion?
Creation of volcanic lightning strikes near the volcano
Why are pyroclastic surges considered particularly hazardous?
They release toxic gas clouds that spread quickly post-eruption
Which characteristic makes tephra particularly dangerous for those near a volcanic eruption?
The high speeds at which tephra travels away from the volcano.
What factor contributed significantly to the deaths associated with tephra during volcanic eruptions like Mount Pelee and Tambora?
The toxic combination of gases in tephra.
Learn about the impressive geological features known as volcanoes, their formation, and their association with Earth's tectonic plates. Explore how volcanoes are formed due to intense heat and pressure generated by tectonic plate movement.
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