Understanding Variability in Disease Risk
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Questions and Answers

What did the World Health Organization (WHO) define health as?

  • The absence of disease
  • Complete physical, mental, and social well-being (correct)
  • Lack of infirmity
  • Soundness of body

    • What is the main issue with the WHO's definition of health?

  • The ambiguity surrounding the term 'complete' (correct)
  • Difficult quantification of 'absence'
  • Lack of agreement on the term 'disease'
  • Challenges in defining 'infirmity'

    • What is the duty of a doctor working in a hospital, as mentioned in the text?

  • Understanding disease circumstances (correct)
  • Ensuring financial stability
  • Counseling patients
  • Managing hospital staff

    • Are health and disease following an all-or-none pattern, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Yes, always</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the text define health?

    <p>Combination of physical and mental wellness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Is the distribution of disease random in the population, according to the text?

    <p>No, never</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which attribute of optimal health ensures the physical aspect of health?

    <p>Anatomical integrity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does disease result from according to the text?

    <p>Abnormal structure or function due to failure to overcome external stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which dimension of health includes the feeling of well-being?

    <p>Mental dimension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ultimate end of the health spectrum described in the text?

    <p>Death</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of health involves the ability to do normal duties at various levels?

    <p>Vocational dimension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of a reversible abnormality in the body?

    <p>Success in adaptation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of ecology of health?

    <p>Study of all factors in the environment affecting health</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a factor related to the host in the ecology of health?

    <p>Type of disease agent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can doctors working within hospitals not modify according to the text?

    <p>Circumstances surrounding disease processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the ecology of health, what factors are considered related to the environment?

    <p>Physical, chemical, biological, social dimensions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a genetically determined disease mentioned in the text?

    <p>Thalassaemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a factor considered related to the disease agent in ecology of health?

    <p>Dose and duration of exposure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main intervention in primordial prevention?

    <p>Individual and mass education</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of primary prevention measures?

    <p>Good housing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal of secondary prevention?

    <p>Reduce length of illness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which activity is NOT part of secondary prevention?

    <p>Immunization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of tertiary prevention?

    <p>Limitation of disability and rehabilitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which level of prevention is applied after the onset of disease?

    <p>Secondary prevention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the risk of disease not the same for every individual in a population?

    <p>Because environmental situations and genetic differences contribute to variation in disease risk.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the variability in the age of onset of diseases like diabetes mellitus suggest?

    <p>It reflects variation in exposure and susceptibility of individuals to the disease.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can explain the higher prevalence of hypertension in many industrialized countries compared to underdeveloped countries?

    <p>Variation in risk factors and causes of ill health between populations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do many people spend their lives without developing diseases like diabetes mellitus?

    <p>Because exposure and susceptibility to diseases vary among individuals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to the variation in the risk of disease among different populations?

    <p>Differences in environmental conditions and genetic makeup across populations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it inaccurate to assume that every individual in a population will develop a particular disease at a given age?

    <p>'Because the age at which some people develop a disease varies due to differences in exposure and susceptibility.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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