Understanding the Reading Process

What is Reading?

• Reading involves aiming for a specific outcome
• Reading is a complex mix of recognizing words, understanding them, fluency, and motivation
• It starts with identifying letters, forming words, and grasping the meaning of each word within a text

Importance of Reading

• Reading greatly impacts educational achievement
• Reading broadens the mind, fostering creative thought
• Reading sharpens focus
• Reading enriches vocabulary

Reasons for Reading

• For fun and pleasure
• For practical use
• To get a general idea
• To find specific details
• To identify the main idea
• To gain a thorough, critical understanding

Reading as Meaning Construction

• Reading actively constructs meaning as readers gain knowledge
• Information from the text enables readers to interpret and integrate knowledge
• Knowledge empowers readers to assess the relevance and value of ideas for their reading goals
• Relevance is the quality of being suitable or valuable
• Relevant information closely aligns with a reader's goal

Text Relevance

• Text relevance matches a reader's goal with relevant information
• Importance is decided by the author, signaled through text features like first mention

Determining Importance

• Determining importance helps readers distinguish crucial information from interesting but unnecessary details
• Practical for textbooks and nonfiction, using headings and highlighted vocabulary
• Graphic organizers aid in retaining essential information
• Determining importance involves understanding character changes, the significance of events, themes, and vocabulary

Determining Importance of Details

• Readers judge the solidity of ideas and the validity of an author's reasoning to find value in a text
• Authors act as guides, offering wisdom through vicarious learning
• To judge the relevance and worth of ideas: note facts, gather evidence, validate sources, check organization, and examine language

Developing Good Study Habits

• Good study habits are becoming rare due to increasing social activities
• Developing good habits is challenging due to distractions and the appeal of leisure
• It is necessary to set time for everything

Planning a Daily Schedule

• Plan daily activities, including assignments and projects
• Writing down tasks and planning when to do them is more effective
• Doing everything at once yields mediocre results
• Taking notes with readable font is essential

Notes for Studying

• Notes help with surprise tests
• Organize notes and review them regularly
• Color code notes by subject for easy reference

Managing Procrastination and Health

• Schedule and a designated study space helps to mitigate procrastination
• Balance rest and study
• Mind your body as it is a temple

Balancing Time and Stress

• Balance is key to avoiding stress from studying
• High school isn't too stressful if properly managed, focus on balancing time and being conscious of this
• Time is precious and should be used wisely
• Good study habits aid in stress management and thought organization

Judging Soundness of Reasoning

• Being sound means being based on valid reasons and good judgment
• Do not assume informational text is true
• Focus on the author's main idea, reasons, and evidence to judge reasoning

Evaluating Author's Reasoning

• Determine what the author wants the reader to believe (CLAIM)
• Identify how the author supports their statement (EVIDENCE)
• Assess if the evidence strongly supports the author's main idea (REASON)
• Reasoning is the evaluation of the text and the quality of the author's idea by evaluating the supporting evidence

Characteristics of Sound Reasoning

• Sound reasoning includes quality data, supporting details, relevant additional data, and possible explanations

Smoking and Health Risks

• There are significant health risks associated with smoking
• The connection between smoking and cancer is well known
• Smoking is linked to lung diseases like emphysema and bronchitis
• WHO data shows lung cancer is globally common, with 2.09 million cases in 2018
• Philippines DOH data reveals lung cancer is a common cancer type
• Smokers have higher heart disease risk
• Passive smoking has long-term health effects

Making Claims with Evidence

• People have been less physically active during the pandemic
• Experts reported that exercise habits changed during the pandemic in favor of staying at home
• In 2018, the universal health care scheme protected about 98 percent of the Philippines population
• The World Health Organization calls tobacco as lethal
• Overwork is the cause of death in about 200 people per year in Japan
• Being labelled as "death from overwork" has been linked to obesity, alcoholism and stress

Obama's Speech on Government Shutdown

• Democrats and Republicans reopened the government and removed the threat of default
• The manufactured crises harmed jobs and growth
• The way business is done in Washington has to change
• Focus on growing the economy, creating jobs, strengthening the middle class, and getting the fiscal house in order

Key Objectives

• Pursue a balanced budget that grows the economy and shrinks deficits
• Avoid budget mistakes that don’t focus on creating good jobs
• Increase funding for education, infrastructure, and research

Fixing Immigration and Passing a Farm Bill

• Finish fixing the broken immigration system with bipartisan support
• Pass a farm bill that supports farmers, protects vulnerable children, and gives rural communities opportunities to grow
• Those with the privilege to serve the country have an obligation to do their job

Judging Presentation Effectiveness

• Reading requires keen observation of information from materials
• Effectiveness is producing a clear impression

Testing Effectiveness

• Assess the sufficiency, accuracy, appeal, and information of the material

Reading and Critical Thinking

• Reading forms a critical and analytical mind by comparing stored information
• The process becomes challenging as the reader progresses
• Readers learn to form opinions
• Present a reasoned argument after evaluating the information

Reader Reflection

• After the reader is successful in reading, summarise what was explicitly said.
• Fully analyze what the reader implicitly felt.
• Understand the details and draw examples to compare and contrast with what was previously read

The Cask of Amontillado's Characters

• Montresor's desire for revenge drives the story.
• His family motto, "no one insults me with impunity."
• Fortunato's injury leads towards the acts of revenge
• Fortunato is wearing motley-clothes for the jester or fool

Cask of Amontillado's Plot

• Montresor manipulates Fortunato into coming to his home during carnival
• Montresor leads Fortunato deep into his vaults, giving him drinks
• Making Fortunato intoxicated leads to his death
• Montresor begins to close the aperture in the wall
• He places the last stone in its nook, revealing that no one has found the remains 50 years later

Value Judgement

• A value judgment is based upon a particular set of values or on a particular value system.
• Value judgments prescribe certain attitudes or behaviors toward the world.
• When you say things such as "That's good" it is a value judgement
• You are usually making a certain kind of value judgment.
• Value judgments are normative and evaluate things with respect to standards or norms
• Any statement of fact can easily be converted into a value judgment by introducing a value term

Listening

• Listening is an active process of receiving and responding

Passive Listening

• Allowing someone to talk without interrupting is what passive listening is all about

Active Listening

• Show you comprehend what the other person is attempting to say about his or her experience by actively listening

Using TQLR Approach

• A proven method or approach that is proven useful in listening to get information especially from an informative and argumentative text

TQLR

• Tune In is to prepare yourself to listen to the material
• Questioning will generate ideas and details to the reader
• Listening allows the reader to keep the information for reference
• Respond by recalling what you have listened to in the world around you

Discuss Critical Issues in a Panel Discussion

• The opportunity of having a group hear several people knowledgeable about a topic that allow discuss personal views

Panel Discussion helps

• Clarify, and evaluate their positions regarding specific issues or topics being discussed
• Increase their understanding of the positions of others

Types of Panel Discussion

• Public and Educational

People in Panel Discussion

• Instructors, Moderators, Panelist's and the Audience

Advantages

• Facilitates clarification on knotty issues
• Highlights the multi-dimensionality of the issue under discussion.
• Develop critical thinking
• Fosters logical thinking
• Develops presentation skills
• Teaches students to think of the issues under consideration and ask relevant questions.

Project Proposal

• An argumentative text, which put forward an idea or sets of ideas as solution towards a particular problem
• Convinces readers to see how the sound the proposed solution is
• Concisely describes what your project hopes to accomplish, why those objectives are important, and how you intend to achieve them

Proposed Solutions

• Need to explain pros and cons of each
• Encompasses the methodology methods and materials to use.

Sample Concept Paper of a Proposed Project

• Humans are the number-one cause of biodiversity loss in the world.
• 80 percent of the world's medicine comes from biological species and their habitats
• One medicine vanishing due to biodiversity loss is TAXOI
• The majority of my information will be found on the Internet