20 Questions
Biopesticides are not considered as potential alternatives to agrochemicals
False
Supercritical algal extracts were not discussed as a potential biostimulant for plant growth
False
The concept of new phosphorus biofertilizers containing living microflora that solubilizes phosphorus was not reported
False
The goal of agriculture is to be less efficient and produce lower quality products
False
Biostimulant applied to chlorpyrifos-polluted soils increased the inhibition of soil enzymatic activities and biodiversity
False
The properties of biostimulant derived from plants were investigated on the metabolic profiling and crop performance of lettuce grown under saline conditions
True
The growth, root morphology, leaf mineral composition, SPAD index, chlorophyll fluorescence, and metabolic profiling were not improved when biostimulant was applied to both shoots and roots
False
The mechanism of how bio-preparations enhance the growth of plants is well understood
False
Bio-products derived from natural sources are not effective in protecting crops
False
Biostimulants can be assessed by measuring rootmass, photosynthesis intensity, and harvested quantity
True
Biofertilizers introduce microorganisms that fix atmospheric nitrogen or solubilize phosphorus to provide nutrients to plants
True
The overuse of agrochemicals can disrupt the balance between mineral, organic, and biological matter in the soil
True
True or false: Bio-products have simple characteristics and well-known action mechanisms, similar to conventional agrochemicals.
False
True or false: The cost of registration for bio-products alone is 1.5 million euros.
True
True or false: The agrochemicals market has a wide variety of bio-active substances, with many being developed recently.
False
True or false: 90% of the market for bio-products is controlled by 7 agrochemical companies that also produce bio-products.
False
Poland is the leading global manufacturer of fruit processing and generates significant amounts of berry seeds as a by-product.
True
Biosorption is a process that utilizes the supercritical post-extraction residues of berry seeds as biological carriers of micronutrients.
True
Phosphorus bio-fertilizers contain living microflora that solubilize soil phosphorus, making it available to plants, and provide larger doses of phosphorus compared to conventional fertilizers.
False
Biostimulants derived from seaweed and black peat have been shown to stimulate root growth, enhance macronutrient uptake, and express Cu transporter genes, potentially leading to plant biofortification.
True
Study Notes
- Fertilizers with trace elements are produced using biosorption, a process that utilizes the supercritical post-extraction residues of berry seeds as biological carriers of micronutrients.
- Poland is a leading global manufacturer of fruit processing and generates significant amounts of berry seeds as a by-product.
- These seeds can be used for essential oil production via supercritical extraction and then repurposed for biosorption in fertilizer production.
- Biosorption is an ion-exchange mechanism, resulting in a fertilizer with controlled and sustained nutrient release.
- New innovative bio-products for agriculture include trace element fertilizers with 935 components, which have high bioavailability and low leaching rates, proven to improve crop efficiency and corn grain biofortification.
- Phosphorus bio-fertilizers contain living microflora that solubilize soil phosphorus, making it available to plants, and provide smaller doses of phosphorus compared to conventional fertilizers.
- Different classes of plant growth biostimulants exist, including microbial inoculants, humic acids, fulvic acids, protein hydrolysates, amino acids, and seaweed extracts.
- Biostimulants derived from seaweed and black peat have been shown to stimulate root growth, enhance macronutrient uptake, and express Cu transporter genes, potentially leading to plant biofortification.
- Macronutrient and microbial fermentation products have been used to improve zinc uptake and transport in sunflower plants.
- Edaphic biostimulants and biofertilizers have been obtained from sewage sludge and shown to stimulate soil enzymatic activities, affect the soil bacterial community structure, and increase plant growth.
- The biological mode of action of biostimulant based on nitrophenolates and protein hydrolysates containing amino acids and small peptides have been investigated for their effects on various crops and plant growth parameters.
- The protein hydrolysate produced from chicken feathers and sewage sludge has been evaluated for its impact on enzymatic activities and the structure of the soil microbial community.
Explore the intricate working mechanisms of bio-products in agriculture, which differ from conventional agrochemicals due to the absence of a specific active substance with identifiable properties. Bio-products consist of a variety of compounds that act synergistically, and their exact mode of action remains a mystery.
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