10 Questions
What type of validity is being assessed when examining the correlation between a new test and a benchmark test?
Concurrent Validity
What is the primary purpose of benchmark testing in the context of intelligence tests?
To provide a standard against which a new test can be compared
What is the purpose of analyzing the interrelationships of behavioral data?
To identify clusters suggesting commonalities
What type of validity is concerned with the uniqueness of a new test?
Construct Validity
What is the term for the correlation between a new test and variables that measure an opposite construct?
Discriminant Validity
What is the term for the consistency of responses and the degree of homogeneity of a test?
Factorial Validity
What type of validity is concerned with how well a test predicts future outcomes?
Predictive Validity
What is the primary purpose of examining the progression of test scores according to the increase of chronological age?
To validate the intelligence test itself
What is the term for the correlation between test scores and behavioral measures attained in experimental conditions?
Criterion Validity
What is the primary goal of establishing construct validity?
To ensure that a test measures what it claims to measure
Study Notes
Types of Test Validity
- Concurrent validity: correlation between new test and benchmark test must be high (r=0.75 minimum), and new test must have some advantage over benchmark test.
- Predictive validity: ability of test to predict future performance, e.g. correlating intelligence test scores to subsequent academic success.
Predictive Validity
- Difficult to establish due to difficulty in identifying criterion measure, e.g. constructs measured in personality tests and interest inventories.
- Difficult to establish predictive validity of interests inventories because constructs like "interests" are dynamic.
Content Validity
- Systematic examination of test contents to determine if it covers a representative sample of the construct to be measured.
- Examination of quality and quantity of test items to ensure all major aspects of construct are covered and in correct proportion.
Construct Validity
- Concerned with what a test measures and how well it does so.
- Provides test user with what can be inferred from test scores.
- Examines objective sources of information and empirical operation.
Test Construction
- Construct validity is part of test construction procedure.
- Fundamentally, all procedures for determining test validity are concerned with relationship between performance on test and other independently observable facts.
Concepts
- Psychological constructs: phenomena in human behavior that are not directly observable but can be inferred from observable and measurable behaviors.
- Concept validity: examination of progression of test scores according to increase of chronological age (e.g. for intelligence tests).
Factorial Validity
- Statistical technique for analyzing interrelationships of behavior data.
- Inspection of interrelationships may reveal certain clusters suggesting location of commonalities.
Other Concepts
- Differential validity: reverse idea of concurrent validity, showing low or insignificant correlation between new test and variables that measure an opposite construct.
- Test scores are correlated with behavioral measures often attained in experimental conditions.
Learn about the different forms of test validity, including concurrent validity and predictive validity, and how they are used to evaluate the effectiveness of psychological tests. Understand the correlation between new and benchmark tests and the importance of predicting future performance.
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