Understanding Terrorism

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Questions and Answers

What defines public violence in a legal context?

An intentional act by a group disturbing public peace. (correct)

An act intended to celebrate a public event.

A peaceful gathering for political discussion.

An individual performing an act of self-defense.

Which element is NOT required to establish public violence?

The act must be performed by multiple persons.

Serious proportions of the act.

An intention to infringe the rights of another.

Participation of a single individual. (correct)

How many persons were considered sufficient to constitute public violence in the Terblanche case?

Six persons.

Three persons.

Ten persons.

Five persons. (correct)

What is the primary interest protected by laws against public violence?

Public peace and order. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is most accurate regarding the law on public violence?

Public violence requires joint action by a group. Signup and view all the answers

What might impede the classification of an act as public violence?

The number of persons involved being deemed insufficient. Signup and view all the answers

Which is TRUE about the elements that constitute public violence?

The act must be unlawful and intentional to qualify. Signup and view all the answers

Why might public violence be considered similar to other crimes against the state?

They can have overlapping interests that are typically protected. Signup and view all the answers

What should a student focus on before moving to a new principle?

Mastering the preceding principle Signup and view all the answers

Why is it advised to remember the names of leading cases?

They are considered a law student's best friends Signup and view all the answers

What is considered unnecessary when studying case law according to the content?

Memorizing case references Signup and view all the answers

What is suggested to aid an examiner's understanding during evaluations?

Underlining the names of cases Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main interests protected against acts of terrorism?

Safety and security of the Republic Signup and view all the answers

What is described as sufficient for demonstrating an understanding of a principle?

Illustrations of its application Signup and view all the answers

What might happen if a student forgets the name of an important case during an examination?

They can state a general response Signup and view all the answers

Which act is explicitly NOT considered terrorism under the provided definition?

Dissent expressed peacefully Signup and view all the answers

Which element is NOT part of the definition of terrorism as mentioned?

Innocent intention Signup and view all the answers

What does the reference '1966 (2) SA 269 (A)' signify?

The year, volume number, and page number Signup and view all the answers

What constitutes a 'specific intention' in the context of terrorism?

To advance a political cause Signup and view all the answers

What is the underlying principle of effective note-taking as described?

Making summaries in a concise format Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions would be classified as a prohibited conduct in terrorism?

Release of harmful substances Signup and view all the answers

Which term is associated with an act that causes serious interference with services?

Sabotage Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a factor in determining 'terrorist activities' according to the Protection of Constitutional Democracy against Terrorist and Related Activities Act 33 of 2004?

The act must be committed in a public space Signup and view all the answers

In which situation might an act be justified and therefore not considered unlawful?

Under compulsion Signup and view all the answers

What must be established to prove the crime of terrorism concerning the requirement of intention?

The purpose of causing fear for a political, religious, or ideological cause Signup and view all the answers

What is likely to be included as an act of terrorism based on the provided criteria?

Causing damage to property Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately reflects the requirement of public violence regarding group actions?

Participants must have a common purpose Signup and view all the answers

In what context is public violence typically considered to take place?

In a public area where disturbances are evident Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT required to establish an act of public violence?

A clear intention of all participants to incite fear Signup and view all the answers

What does contempt ex facie curiae entail?

Remarks or actions outside of court that may undermine the court's authority. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered privileged and may amount to contempt?

Remarks made about ongoing cases by legal professionals. Signup and view all the answers

In which case can negligence be sufficient to establish contempt of court?

When a newspaper editor publishes prejudicial information without intent. Signup and view all the answers

What is a condition under which fair comment on the administration of justice is acceptable?

When made bona fide and in reasonable terms. Signup and view all the answers

What underlies the principle that statements by certain bodies are privileged?

To foster uninhibited discussions in legislative processes. Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is crucial in determining the presence of intent in comments on a case?

The context in which the remarks are made. Signup and view all the answers

What do Lord Atkin's words suggest about the scrutiny of justice?

Justice requires public examination and dialogue. Signup and view all the answers

What type of actions can bring judges into contempt according to the content?

Scandalous allegations that undermine public trust. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Terrorism

Definition: An act committed for the purpose of furthering a political, religious, ideological, or philosophical motive
Elements:
- An act
- Unlawfulness
- Specific intention
Object of Protection: The safety and security of the Republic, its institutions, and people
Acts Included:
- Use of violence
- Release of toxic or harmful substances
- Conduct endangering life or physical integrity
- Acts causing serious risk to health and safety
- Causing damage to property
- Acts interfering with services
- Acts destabilizing the economy
- Creating a public emergency or insurgency
Excluded Acts: Acts performed under compulsion or as part of a protest, dissent, or industrial action that do not intend harm
Intention:
- Specific intent is required
- Intent has two components:
  - To cause harm
  - To achieve political, religious, ideological, or philosophical objectives

Public Violence

Definition: Unlawful and intentional act, or acts, by a number of persons, assuming serious proportions with intent to disturb public peace and order by violent means or infringe rights
Elements:
- An act
- Performed by a number of persons
- Assuming serious proportions
- Unlawful
- Intentional
Object of Protection: Public peace and order
Joint Action: Cannot be committed by an individual, a number of persons acting in concert are required
- Number of persons required depends on the circumstances

Contempt of Court

Definition: Action or remarks in public that scandalize the court or undermine the administration of justice.
Forms:
- Scandalizing the court by publishing allegations that objectively bring judges, magistrates, or the administration of justice into contempt
- Failing to comply with a court order
- Interfering with the administration of justice by influencing the outcome of a case
Privileged Statements: Members of the Legislative Assembly are exempt from contempt charges when speaking in the assembly.
Fair Comment: Fair and reasonable criticism of court outcomes or the administration of justice in general is acceptable.
Intent: Generally, intention is essential, except when a newspaper editor is charged with contempt for publishing content influencing a pending case, where negligence is sufficient.

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Description

This quiz explores the definition and elements of terrorism, focusing on its unlawful acts and specific intentions. It also covers the protection of safety and security in the context of terrorism. Test your knowledge on this critical topic and understand the implications of various acts deemed as terrorism.