Understanding Syncope and Seizures
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Questions and Answers

Which types of channels are genes implicated in susceptibility to epilepsy coding for?

  • Sodium and calcium channels
  • Potassium and chloride channels
  • Nicotinic cholinergic and GABA receptors
  • All of the above (correct)

What age group is most commonly affected by Benign Febrile Convulsions?

  • Teenagers
  • Young adults
  • Elderly individuals
  • Children aged 6 months to 5 years (correct)

What is the defining characteristic of Benign Febrile Convulsions?

  • They last for more than 15 minutes
  • They have focal features
  • They usually happen during a febrile illness (correct)
  • They occur in the presence of CNS infection

What is the percentage of children who experience more than three seizures with Benign Febrile Convulsions?

<p>Less than 10% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gene has been linked to febrile convulsions among other genes?

<p>GABRD (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long do Benign Febrile Convulsions usually last?

<p>Around 10 to 15 minutes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in the diagnostic evaluation of seizures?

<p>Evaluating the clinical history (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a feature suggesting focal onset during a seizure?

<p>Speaking fluently during the seizure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of a patient's medical history could indicate an acute, proximate cause for a seizure?

<p>History of recent fever (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What information can family members and friends provide in the diagnostic evaluation of seizures?

<p>Description of the seizure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is NOT mentioned as a potential underlying medical or neurologic condition related to seizures?

<p>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to search for an acute, proximate cause in the diagnostic evaluation of seizures?

<p>To understand what may have triggered the seizure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended approach before starting drug therapy for seizures?

<p>Start therapeutic trials without confirming epilepsy diagnosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do absence seizures typically respond to anticonvulsant drugs?

<p>They do not respond to most drugs used for focal or generalized seizures (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus in modulating treatment for seizures?

<p>Modulating treatment based on seizure control (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do most anticonvulsant drugs act in managing seizures?

<p>By inhibiting sodium channels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main aim of treatments available for seizures and epilepsy?

<p>To reduce the recurrence of seizures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment strategy for acute symptomatic seizures from a toxic or metabolic cause?

<p>Avoiding acute precipitants (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a predominant feature distinguishing transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) from seizures?

<p>Loss of vision in part of the visual field (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not typically associated with transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)?

<p>Shaking (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the time course of migraine from seizure?

<p>Migraine auras last minutes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the underlying etiology of most transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)?

<p>Focal stenosis of a blood vessel (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of phenomena are typically associated with seizures?

<p>Hallucinations and lights or colors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What would be unusual for an individual presenting with multiple, recurrent, stereotyped events related to transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)?

<p>Having no evidence of cerebral infarction on MRI scan (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During syncope, what is a distinguishing feature that differentiates it from seizures?

<p>Return to normal mental status (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of symptoms may help localize the CNS abnormality responsible for some seizures?

<p>Fear and olfactory hallucinations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of seizures is commonly associated with sensations like fear or olfactory hallucinations?

<p>Temporal lobe seizures (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What might suggest decreased cerebral blood flow according to the text?

<p>Progressive light-headedness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is more likely to occur in the upright or sitting position according to the text?

<p>Orthostatic hypotension (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a distinguishing factor between seizures and syncope in terms of duration?

<p>Syncope lasts 30 seconds to 2 minutes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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