Understanding Syncope and Seizures
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Questions and Answers

Which types of channels are genes implicated in susceptibility to epilepsy coding for?

  • Sodium and calcium channels
  • Potassium and chloride channels
  • Nicotinic cholinergic and GABA receptors
  • All of the above (correct)
  • What age group is most commonly affected by Benign Febrile Convulsions?

  • Teenagers
  • Young adults
  • Elderly individuals
  • Children aged 6 months to 5 years (correct)
  • What is the defining characteristic of Benign Febrile Convulsions?

  • They last for more than 15 minutes
  • They have focal features
  • They usually happen during a febrile illness (correct)
  • They occur in the presence of CNS infection
  • What is the percentage of children who experience more than three seizures with Benign Febrile Convulsions?

    <p>Less than 10%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gene has been linked to febrile convulsions among other genes?

    <p>GABRD</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long do Benign Febrile Convulsions usually last?

    <p>Around 10 to 15 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in the diagnostic evaluation of seizures?

    <p>Evaluating the clinical history</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a feature suggesting focal onset during a seizure?

    <p>Speaking fluently during the seizure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of a patient's medical history could indicate an acute, proximate cause for a seizure?

    <p>History of recent fever</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What information can family members and friends provide in the diagnostic evaluation of seizures?

    <p>Description of the seizure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is NOT mentioned as a potential underlying medical or neurologic condition related to seizures?

    <p>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to search for an acute, proximate cause in the diagnostic evaluation of seizures?

    <p>To understand what may have triggered the seizure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended approach before starting drug therapy for seizures?

    <p>Start therapeutic trials without confirming epilepsy diagnosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do absence seizures typically respond to anticonvulsant drugs?

    <p>They do not respond to most drugs used for focal or generalized seizures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus in modulating treatment for seizures?

    <p>Modulating treatment based on seizure control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do most anticonvulsant drugs act in managing seizures?

    <p>By inhibiting sodium channels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main aim of treatments available for seizures and epilepsy?

    <p>To reduce the recurrence of seizures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended treatment strategy for acute symptomatic seizures from a toxic or metabolic cause?

    <p>Avoiding acute precipitants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a predominant feature distinguishing transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) from seizures?

    <p>Loss of vision in part of the visual field</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not typically associated with transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)?

    <p>Shaking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the time course of migraine from seizure?

    <p>Migraine auras last minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the underlying etiology of most transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)?

    <p>Focal stenosis of a blood vessel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of phenomena are typically associated with seizures?

    <p>Hallucinations and lights or colors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would be unusual for an individual presenting with multiple, recurrent, stereotyped events related to transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)?

    <p>Having no evidence of cerebral infarction on MRI scan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During syncope, what is a distinguishing feature that differentiates it from seizures?

    <p>Return to normal mental status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of symptoms may help localize the CNS abnormality responsible for some seizures?

    <p>Fear and olfactory hallucinations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of seizures is commonly associated with sensations like fear or olfactory hallucinations?

    <p>Temporal lobe seizures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might suggest decreased cerebral blood flow according to the text?

    <p>Progressive light-headedness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is more likely to occur in the upright or sitting position according to the text?

    <p>Orthostatic hypotension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a distinguishing factor between seizures and syncope in terms of duration?

    <p>Syncope lasts 30 seconds to 2 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

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