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Questions and Answers
The picture would be called a(n) ______________________ for assisting in establishing the reading response.
The picture would be called a(n) ______________________ for assisting in establishing the reading response.
Prompt
What procedure had Col. Peterson used: ______________________.
What procedure had Col. Peterson used: ______________________.
Fading
What procedure did Mr. Howard use: __________________________.
What procedure did Mr. Howard use: __________________________.
Programming
What procedure did Ms. Jaimes use to teach Martha to identify any map of Kansas: ______________________.
What procedure did Ms. Jaimes use to teach Martha to identify any map of Kansas: ______________________.
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What behavioral procedure did Dr. Miller use: ________________.
What behavioral procedure did Dr. Miller use: ________________.
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What procedure did the networks use to teach fans to identify an instant replay: ______________________________.
What procedure did the networks use to teach fans to identify an instant replay: ______________________________.
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Fading is the temporary use of a prompt to establish a simple ______________________ between two stimuli.
Fading is the temporary use of a prompt to establish a simple ______________________ between two stimuli.
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What procedure did Howard use to teach Natalie how to plant a seed: ____________________.
What procedure did Howard use to teach Natalie how to plant a seed: ____________________.
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This procedure is technically called _______________.
This procedure is technically called _______________.
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The gradual elimination of a prompt is called ___________________.
The gradual elimination of a prompt is called ___________________.
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What procedure had Gloria used to teach Tom the formula: __________________________.
What procedure had Gloria used to teach Tom the formula: __________________________.
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This would be called a(n) __________________.
This would be called a(n) __________________.
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You can try to increase its probability of occurring by temporarily using a(n) _______________.
You can try to increase its probability of occurring by temporarily using a(n) _______________.
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Tactic #4 in the stimulus control strategy is creating complex stimulus control through __________________________.
Tactic #4 in the stimulus control strategy is creating complex stimulus control through __________________________.
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What procedure was Claude using: ________________________.
What procedure was Claude using: ________________________.
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A procedure of training in which the teacher demonstrates the behavior and then reinforces the learner is called _____________________.
A procedure of training in which the teacher demonstrates the behavior and then reinforces the learner is called _____________________.
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The use of a verbal description of behavior and reinforcement of the correct behavior to teach a new behavior is called __________________.
The use of a verbal description of behavior and reinforcement of the correct behavior to teach a new behavior is called __________________.
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If a teacher describes how to perform a behavior, watches the learner try it, and provides reinforcement for correct performance, he or she is using what procedure: ______________________.
If a teacher describes how to perform a behavior, watches the learner try it, and provides reinforcement for correct performance, he or she is using what procedure: ______________________.
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What procedure is the teacher using: ____________________________.
What procedure is the teacher using: ____________________________.
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When using imitation training, the teacher provides a behavioral demonstration of what the learner is supposed to do. What is the technical name for that demonstration: ______________________.
When using imitation training, the teacher provides a behavioral demonstration of what the learner is supposed to do. What is the technical name for that demonstration: ______________________.
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What procedure did Ken employ to teach Sue how to jog: ______________________________.
What procedure did Ken employ to teach Sue how to jog: ______________________________.
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What procedure is he employing: _______________________.
What procedure is he employing: _______________________.
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When using instructional training, the teacher uses words to define the desired behavior. Those words are technically called a(n) _______________________.
When using instructional training, the teacher uses words to define the desired behavior. Those words are technically called a(n) _______________________.
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People will continue to follow instructions only if they are frequently ______________________ for doing so.
People will continue to follow instructions only if they are frequently ______________________ for doing so.
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What procedure is the supervisor using: ______________________.
What procedure is the supervisor using: ______________________.
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What procedure did Lori use to get Jeff to put his books away: ______________________.
What procedure did Lori use to get Jeff to put his books away: ______________________.
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The learner's behavior is technically called __________________.
The learner's behavior is technically called __________________.
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The field of cognition is behavior under what?
The field of cognition is behavior under what?
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What affects a person's behavior?
What affects a person's behavior?
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The first tactic in using the stimulus control strategy is to narrow stimulus control through what?
The first tactic in using the stimulus control strategy is to narrow stimulus control through what?
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What is a procedure where a behavior is reinforced in the presence of one stimulus and extinguished in the presence of another?
What is a procedure where a behavior is reinforced in the presence of one stimulus and extinguished in the presence of another?
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What precedes a behavior and is present only if reinforcement will occur for that behavior?
What precedes a behavior and is present only if reinforcement will occur for that behavior?
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What precedes a behavior and is present only if extinction will occur for that behavior?
What precedes a behavior and is present only if extinction will occur for that behavior?
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What is a behavior that is more likely to occur in the presence of the SD than in the presence of the S-delta?
What is a behavior that is more likely to occur in the presence of the SD than in the presence of the S-delta?
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What is the increased probability of a discriminated behavior produced by a stimulus?
What is the increased probability of a discriminated behavior produced by a stimulus?
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What always occurs before the behavior?
What always occurs before the behavior?
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What is the increase in behaviors from an event that follows the behavior?
What is the increase in behaviors from an event that follows the behavior?
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What is the increase in behavior from an event that precedes the behavior?
What is the increase in behavior from an event that precedes the behavior?
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If a person is reinforced in one situation for a particular behavior and extinguished in another situation for that same behavior, what procedure are they being influenced by?
If a person is reinforced in one situation for a particular behavior and extinguished in another situation for that same behavior, what procedure are they being influenced by?
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What is the name for a complex procedure where Behavior A is reinforced in Situation #1 and extinguished in Situation #2, while Behavior B is reinforced in Situation #2 and extinguished in Situation #1?
What is the name for a complex procedure where Behavior A is reinforced in Situation #1 and extinguished in Situation #2, while Behavior B is reinforced in Situation #2 and extinguished in Situation #1?
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If Connie answers the phone only when it is ringing, how would we refer to her answering the phone?
If Connie answers the phone only when it is ringing, how would we refer to her answering the phone?
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If Lenny answers '15' when asked 'What is 3 x 5?' but not when asked 'What is 4 x 5?' we say that the question 'What is 3 x 5?' exerts [__________] over his answer of '15'.
If Lenny answers '15' when asked 'What is 3 x 5?' but not when asked 'What is 4 x 5?' we say that the question 'What is 3 x 5?' exerts [__________] over his answer of '15'.
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If Jane answered 'uno' when asked 'What is the Spanish word for one?' but not when asked 'What is the Spanish word for two?', we would say that the question 'What is the Spanish word for one?' exerts [__________] over the response 'uno'.
If Jane answered 'uno' when asked 'What is the Spanish word for one?' but not when asked 'What is the Spanish word for two?', we would say that the question 'What is the Spanish word for one?' exerts [__________] over the response 'uno'.
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If a discrimination training procedure is successful it will teach an individual to respond in the presence of a(n) [a] and not respond in the presence of a(n) [b].
If a discrimination training procedure is successful it will teach an individual to respond in the presence of a(n) [a] and not respond in the presence of a(n) [b].
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What procedure are the parents using to change when Darry uses the word 'doggy'?
What procedure are the parents using to change when Darry uses the word 'doggy'?
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What do we call the familiar 'golden arches' that Archie saw while in Japan that reinforced his behavior?
What do we call the familiar 'golden arches' that Archie saw while in Japan that reinforced his behavior?
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What procedure influenced Samantha's wearing jeans under some circumstances but not others?
What procedure influenced Samantha's wearing jeans under some circumstances but not others?
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For the response '8', a card with the number '5' on it would be called a(n) [__________].
For the response '8', a card with the number '5' on it would be called a(n) [__________].
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If Ken calls the blonde 'Carol' but does not call the brunette 'Carol', how would we characterize his behavior?
If Ken calls the blonde 'Carol' but does not call the brunette 'Carol', how would we characterize his behavior?
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If Lena calls her teacher 'Mrs. King' in class but not out on the street, what does Mrs. King in the classroom situation exert over her naming behavior?
If Lena calls her teacher 'Mrs. King' in class but not out on the street, what does Mrs. King in the classroom situation exert over her naming behavior?
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If Gloria peeps when the light is on in Todd's room but not when it is off, how would we describe her peeping?
If Gloria peeps when the light is on in Todd's room but not when it is off, how would we describe her peeping?
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If a behavior occurs more frequently in the presence of the S-D than the S-delta, we say that the stimulus exerts [___________] over that behavior.
If a behavior occurs more frequently in the presence of the S-D than the S-delta, we say that the stimulus exerts [___________] over that behavior.
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What procedure is Professor Brainbuster using to teach Laura the difference between talking to him in class and outside of class?
What procedure is Professor Brainbuster using to teach Laura the difference between talking to him in class and outside of class?
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Stimulus control is the increased probability of a discriminated behavior that is produced by what?
Stimulus control is the increased probability of a discriminated behavior that is produced by what?
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What is it called when reinforcing a behavior in the presence of one stimulus and extinguishing it in the presence of another?
What is it called when reinforcing a behavior in the presence of one stimulus and extinguishing it in the presence of another?
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For the response '100', the words '5 x 20 = ?' are called a(n) [_________].
For the response '100', the words '5 x 20 = ?' are called a(n) [_________].
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If Fred is praised for calling the tree with the shaggy bark a 'hickory' but ignored when he calls it a 'maple', what procedure is being applied to his behavior?
If Fred is praised for calling the tree with the shaggy bark a 'hickory' but ignored when he calls it a 'maple', what procedure is being applied to his behavior?
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If a child has learned to say the word 'apple' when she sees the letters A-P-P-L-E, what do we say that the letters exert over her reading-out-loud behavior?
If a child has learned to say the word 'apple' when she sees the letters A-P-P-L-E, what do we say that the letters exert over her reading-out-loud behavior?
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What is a set of related stimuli called?
What is a set of related stimuli called?
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Tactic #2 of the stimulus control strategy is to broaden stimulus control through what?
Tactic #2 of the stimulus control strategy is to broaden stimulus control through what?
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What is reinforcing behavior in a series of situations until it generalizes to other members of the same stimulus class called?
What is reinforcing behavior in a series of situations until it generalizes to other members of the same stimulus class called?
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What do we call the occurrence of a behavior in the presence of a novel stimulus?
What do we call the occurrence of a behavior in the presence of a novel stimulus?
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What method ensures that stimuli similar to those present in the training situation are also present in the everyday situation?
What method ensures that stimuli similar to those present in the training situation are also present in the everyday situation?
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When a person trained to respond to one stimulus emits the same response in the presence of a novel stimulus, what is this called?
When a person trained to respond to one stimulus emits the same response in the presence of a novel stimulus, what is this called?
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What is the occurrence of a behavior in the presence of a novel stimulus called?
What is the occurrence of a behavior in the presence of a novel stimulus called?
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A set of related stimuli is called a(n) [__________].
A set of related stimuli is called a(n) [__________].
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If members of the Happiness Club reinforced Jan for graciously accepting compliments, what behavioral process accounts for her acceptance of compliments from Dave the next day?
If members of the Happiness Club reinforced Jan for graciously accepting compliments, what behavioral process accounts for her acceptance of compliments from Dave the next day?
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What procedure did mom use to improve communication with Ann regarding her boyfriend?
What procedure did mom use to improve communication with Ann regarding her boyfriend?
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What do we call the behavioral process in which Gladys begins to criticize Republicans around other conservative business people?
What do we call the behavioral process in which Gladys begins to criticize Republicans around other conservative business people?
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If a chronic stutterer learns to speak fluently with friends, what term describes the transfer of this non-stuttering behavior to other situations?
If a chronic stutterer learns to speak fluently with friends, what term describes the transfer of this non-stuttering behavior to other situations?
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The collection of all pairs of objects would be called a(n) [__________].
The collection of all pairs of objects would be called a(n) [__________].
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What would a behavior analyst say about Tom's high rate of praise in the dorm not generalizing to his home?
What would a behavior analyst say about Tom's high rate of praise in the dorm not generalizing to his home?
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Generalization is defined as the occurrence of a behavior in the presence of a(n) [__________].
Generalization is defined as the occurrence of a behavior in the presence of a(n) [__________].
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What procedure accounts for Betty now watering any plant that looks droopy?
What procedure accounts for Betty now watering any plant that looks droopy?
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Suppose that Behavior A occurs in the presence of a Stimulus X. If Behavior A has never before been reinforced in the presence of Stimulus X, we say that Behavior A has generalized to a(n) [__________] stimulus.
Suppose that Behavior A occurs in the presence of a Stimulus X. If Behavior A has never before been reinforced in the presence of Stimulus X, we say that Behavior A has generalized to a(n) [__________] stimulus.
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What procedure is at work changing Mike's behavior to arrive on time for all classes?
What procedure is at work changing Mike's behavior to arrive on time for all classes?
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What procedure refers to reinforcing a behavior until it occurs in the presence of all situations in that stimulus class?
What procedure refers to reinforcing a behavior until it occurs in the presence of all situations in that stimulus class?
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What tactic involves creating new stimulus control by temporarily using prompts?
What tactic involves creating new stimulus control by temporarily using prompts?
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What kind of stimulus increases the probability that a person will make the correct response in the presence of a novel stimulus?
What kind of stimulus increases the probability that a person will make the correct response in the presence of a novel stimulus?
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What is the temporary use of a prompt that is gradually withdrawn to establish a specific discrimination called?
What is the temporary use of a prompt that is gradually withdrawn to establish a specific discrimination called?
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What describes the temporary use of a prompt to establish a generalization?
What describes the temporary use of a prompt to establish a generalization?
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What is used to teach generalization to a class of stimuli, while fading uses prompts for establishing discrimination?
What is used to teach generalization to a class of stimuli, while fading uses prompts for establishing discrimination?
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An added stimulus used to help establish a discrimination is called a(n) [__________].
An added stimulus used to help establish a discrimination is called a(n) [__________].
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What procedure did Ms. Garvey use to help Willie identify a picture of a duck?
What procedure did Ms. Garvey use to help Willie identify a picture of a duck?
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What procedure did Flora use to teach her daughter Melody to read the word 'cat'?
What procedure did Flora use to teach her daughter Melody to read the word 'cat'?
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What procedure was responsible for Claire consistently using her seatbelt after initially learning it through a buzzer?
What procedure was responsible for Claire consistently using her seatbelt after initially learning it through a buzzer?
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What procedure did Katey use to teach Willie to recognize the taste of truffles?
What procedure did Katey use to teach Willie to recognize the taste of truffles?
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Programming is the temporary use of a prompt during generalization training to establish what?
Programming is the temporary use of a prompt during generalization training to establish what?
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What is the role of a wave that Eli used while teaching his friend to say 'hi'?
What is the role of a wave that Eli used while teaching his friend to say 'hi'?
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Study Notes
Understanding Stimulus Control and Behavior Modification
- Stimulus Control refers to how behavior is influenced by antecedent stimuli.
- A Stimulus is anything that can affect a person's behavior.
- Discrimination Training is a key tactic used to narrow stimulus control by reinforcing behaviors in the presence of specific stimuli and extinguishing them in others.
- Discriminative Stimulus (SD) is present before a behavior and signals that reinforcement is available.
- S-delta indicates when a behavior will not be reinforced.
- Discriminated Behavior occurs more frequently in the presence of the SD than the S-delta.
The Mechanism of Reinforcement
- Reinforcement Control involves the increase of behaviors from consequences that follow the behaviors.
- Stimulus Control is the increase in behaviors due to events preceding the behavior.
Importance of Generalization and Training
- Generalization Training involves reinforcing a behavior across various situations, encouraging it to occur in similar contexts.
- Fading is the gradual removal of prompts to strengthen the discrimination learned previously.
- Programming establishes a generalization by using prompts effectively in teaching scenarios.
Practical Examples of Behavior Influence
- Specific behaviors can be considered Discriminated Behaviors when they occur distinctly based on the presence of different stimuli.
- Reinforcement through social interactions, such as parental praise or peer feedback, often leads to behavioral changes, demonstrating the principles of discrimination and generalization training.
Classifying Stimuli and Responses
- A Stimulus Class consists of related stimuli that can trigger similar responses.
- The concept of Generalization reflects when a behavior is emitted in the presence of a novel stimulus that resembles or is related to learned stimuli.
Procedures for Behavior Modification
- Generalization Training can enhance behaviors learned in specific situations to transfer to new, similar contexts.
- Scenarios like answering correctly based on prompts or reinforcement indicate effective use of Discrimination Training and Fading to shape behavior over time.
Conclusion
- Behavior is shaped by careful manipulation of stimuli and reinforcement strategies, including discrimination and generalization, highlighting the dynamic interplay between environmental cues, context, and individual response patterns.### Programming and Outcome Recording
- Programming involves recording the results of behavior after it has occurred.
- Outcome recording is specified as a method of tracking behavior based on its outcome rather than the behavior itself.
Fading
- Fading is the process of gradually removing prompts or cues that initially help in learning.
- It establishes a simple discrimination between two stimuli, enabling individuals to respond independently over time.
- The technique has been employed in various settings, such as sports broadcasting to help fans identify instant replays without external cues.
Imitation Training
- Imitation training involves demonstrating desired behaviors and reinforcing the learner upon successful imitation.
- Key steps include the teacher demonstrating the behavior, the learner imitating, and the teacher providing reinforcement.
- The imitative stimulus or model serves as the example for learners to replicate.
Instructional Training
- Instructional training focuses on providing learners with verbal descriptions of behaviors to facilitate understanding and execution.
- This method includes steps such as verbal explanations, observation of the learner’s attempt, and reinforcement for correct performance.
Reinforcement
- Reinforcement is crucial for behavior maintenance; individuals are more likely to follow instructions when reinforced frequently.
- Both imitation and instructional training rely on reinforcement to ensure that desired behaviors are established and sustained.
Practical Applications
- Examples of instructional and imitation training include tutoring, skill demonstrations (like skiing), and teaching practical tasks (like planting seeds or jogging).
- The integration of feedback and gradual withdrawal of assistance exemplifies effective teaching strategies in various contexts.
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Description
This quiz delves into the concepts of stimulus control and behavior modification, focusing on how antecedent stimuli influence behavior. Key topics include discrimination training, discriminative stimuli, and reinforcement mechanisms. Test your knowledge on these foundational concepts in behavior analysis.
