Understanding Standardized Testing

Questions and Answers

What does standardization in standardized testing refer to?

The conditions in which the test is given

Why is it important that all students taking a standardized test receive the same amount of time, instructions, and assistance?

To ensure the test is standardized

What is the average amount of measurement error across students in the norm group?

Standard Error (SEM)

What is the mean of the Normal Curve Equivalents (NCE) scale?

50 Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of an Achievement Test?

To measure a student's mastery of learned material Signup and view all the answers

What would happen if Ms. Jones gave different instructions to different students taking a standardized test?

The test would not be standardized Signup and view all the answers

What is the equivalent GRE score if you have a z-score of +2.5?

It cannot be determined with the provided information Signup and view all the answers

What makes up a test score?

Ability and Standard Error Signup and view all the answers

Why is Ms. Jones' response in Scenario 1 a problem in terms of standardization?

Because she is providing additional assistance to Sally Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of breaking the standard conditions of the testing process?

It is considered cheating Signup and view all the answers

What is the scale of the Normal Curve Equivalents (NCE)?

1-99 Signup and view all the answers

What is special about Stanines 1 and 9?

They are not exactly ½ of a Standard Deviation Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of standardized testing, according to the lesson?

To help teachers identify areas where students need improvement Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between Achievement Tests and Aptitude Tests?

Achievement Tests measure past learning, while Aptitude Tests measure future potential Signup and view all the answers

Where can you find the Stanine scores in the Stanford 10 test?

In the 4th column of scores Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of standard scores like Stanines and Normal Curve Equivalents?

To make use of the Mean and Standard Deviation to explain performance Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of Achievement Tests?

To understand a student's skills in specific content areas Signup and view all the answers

What type of test scores reporting method compares students with each other?

Norm Referenced Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of Aptitude Tests?

To predict a student's future academic performance Signup and view all the answers

What is the SAT attempting to predict?

A student's future academic performance Signup and view all the answers

What does Performance Speed measure in Criterion-Referenced test scores?

The time it takes to complete a task Signup and view all the answers

What type of test scores are reported as Raw Scores?

Norm Referenced Signup and view all the answers

What does Criterion-Referenced test scores report?

A student's percentage of correct answers Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between Criterion-Referenced and Norm Referenced test scores?

The way results are reported Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using z-scores in standardized tests?

They are standardized based on the normal distribution of scores, allowing comparison from test-to-test and student-to-student. Signup and view all the answers

What would a parent likely misinterpret about a student's z-score of 0?

That the student got 0 questions correct. Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between t-scores and z-scores?

t-scores are larger than z-scores and use the z-score as the baseline for transformation. Signup and view all the answers

What is the mean and standard deviation of SAT scores?

Mean of 500 and SD of 100. Signup and view all the answers

What would be the advantage of using z-scores over raw scores?

Z-scores allow for comparison across different tests and students. Signup and view all the answers

What would a student with a z-score of -2 have scored in a standardized test?

Below the mean. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of transforming raw scores into standardized scores?

To enable comparison across different tests and students. Signup and view all the answers

What is the mean and standard deviation of IQ test scores?

Mean of 100 and SD of 15 (or 16) Signup and view all the answers

What does the percentile rank in a standardized test indicate?

The percentage of students who scored lower than the student Signup and view all the answers

Where can the percentile rank be found in the Stanford 10 test scores?

In the 4th column of scores on the top Signup and view all the answers

What does the decimal part in a grade level equivalent score represent?

The month of the academic year Signup and view all the answers

What can be concluded about a student who scores 7.8 on a 9th grade assessment?

The student is performing at a 7th grade level in 9th grade content Signup and view all the answers

Why is it not recommended to move a 5th grade student who scores 7.8 on a 5th grade math assessment to 7th grade for math instruction?

Because we do not know how the student would perform on a 7th grade test Signup and view all the answers

What is assumed about a typical student's knowledge gain?

They gain one unit of knowledge per month and one unit over the summer Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of grade level equivalents in standardized tests?

To compare the student's performance to that of students in other grades Signup and view all the answers

What does a grade level equivalent score of 7.8 indicate?

The student scored the same as an average 7th grader would in their 8th month of school Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

What is Standardized about Standardized Testing?

Standardization refers to the administration, scoring, and interpretation of the test being the same everywhere and every time.
It ensures each student takes the test under the same conditions, with the same amount of time, instructions, and assistance.
Standardization does not refer to the specific items on the test.

Types of Standardized Tests

There are two types of standardized tests: Achievement and Aptitude.
Achievement Tests measure a student's mastery of what they have learned in the past and what they can perform in the present.
Examples of Achievement Tests include Ohio Achievement Tests (OATs), Ohio Graduation Test (OGT), and Iowa Test of Basic Skills (ITBS).
Aptitude Tests measure how much promise a student has for the future and predict their future performance statistically.
Examples of Aptitude Tests include Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT), ACT, and PSAT.

Reporting Standardized Test Scores

Test scores can be reported as Criterion-Referenced or Norm Referenced.
Criterion-Referenced scores are relatively easy to understand and include Number and Percent Correct, Performance Speed, Performance Quality, and Performance Precision.
Norm Referenced scores compare students with each other and include Raw Scores, Percentile Ranks, Grade Level Equivalents, and Standardized Scores.

Norm Referenced Scores

Raw Scores are not very useful for comparing students.
Percentile Ranks show the percentage of students who scored below a particular student.
Grade Level Equivalents report a student's score in terms of the grade level they are expected to be in.
Standardized Scores, such as z-scores and t-scores, are transformations of raw scores and can be compared from test to test and student to student.

z-scores and t-scores

z-scores are calculated based on the mean and standard deviation of the normal distribution.
z-scores are standardized and can be compared from test to test and student to student.
t-scores are larger than z-scores and use z-scores as the baseline for transformation.

Other Standardized Scores

SAT and GRE tests have a Mean of 500 and SD of 100.
IQ tests have a Mean of 100 and SD of 15 (or 16).
Stanines (standard nine) were created on a 9-pt scale with a Mean of 5 and SD of 2.
Normal Curve Equivalents (NCE) are similar to Percentile Ranks, but NCEs are equal interval and Percentile Ranks are not.

What makes up a test score?

No test measures ability perfectly; instead, test scores are made up of two components: Ability and Standard Error (or noise).
Test Score = Ability + Standard Error (SEM)
SEM = The average amount of measurement error across students in the norm group.

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Description

This quiz explores the purpose and benefits of standardized testing, including how to interpret results and how teachers can use them to help students.

Understanding Standardized Testing

Questions and Answers

What does standardization in standardized testing refer to?

Why is it important that all students taking a standardized test receive the same amount of time, instructions, and assistance?

What is the average amount of measurement error across students in the norm group?

What is the mean of the Normal Curve Equivalents (NCE) scale?

What is the purpose of an Achievement Test?

What would happen if Ms. Jones gave different instructions to different students taking a standardized test?

What is the equivalent GRE score if you have a z-score of +2.5?

What makes up a test score?

Why is Ms. Jones' response in Scenario 1 a problem in terms of standardization?

What is the consequence of breaking the standard conditions of the testing process?

What is the scale of the Normal Curve Equivalents (NCE)?

What is special about Stanines 1 and 9?

What is the purpose of standardized testing, according to the lesson?

What is the difference between Achievement Tests and Aptitude Tests?

Where can you find the Stanine scores in the Stanford 10 test?

What is the purpose of standard scores like Stanines and Normal Curve Equivalents?

What is the primary purpose of Achievement Tests?

What type of test scores reporting method compares students with each other?

What is the primary purpose of Aptitude Tests?

What is the SAT attempting to predict?

What does Performance Speed measure in Criterion-Referenced test scores?

What type of test scores are reported as Raw Scores?

What does Criterion-Referenced test scores report?

What is the main difference between Criterion-Referenced and Norm Referenced test scores?

What is the primary advantage of using z-scores in standardized tests?

What would a parent likely misinterpret about a student's z-score of 0?

What is the relationship between t-scores and z-scores?

What is the mean and standard deviation of SAT scores?

What would be the advantage of using z-scores over raw scores?

What would a student with a z-score of -2 have scored in a standardized test?

What is the primary purpose of transforming raw scores into standardized scores?

What is the mean and standard deviation of IQ test scores?

What does the percentile rank in a standardized test indicate?

Where can the percentile rank be found in the Stanford 10 test scores?

What does the decimal part in a grade level equivalent score represent?

What can be concluded about a student who scores 7.8 on a 9th grade assessment?

Why is it not recommended to move a 5th grade student who scores 7.8 on a 5th grade math assessment to 7th grade for math instruction?

What is assumed about a typical student's knowledge gain?

What is the purpose of grade level equivalents in standardized tests?

What does a grade level equivalent score of 7.8 indicate?

Study Notes

What is Standardized about Standardized Testing?

Types of Standardized Tests

Reporting Standardized Test Scores

Norm Referenced Scores

z-scores and t-scores

Other Standardized Scores

What makes up a test score?

Studying That Suits You

Description

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