Understanding Speciation Process
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Questions and Answers

What is the main factor that leads to speciation?

  • Similar selection pressures on different populations
  • Gene flow between populations
  • Geographical isolation and separation of populations (correct)
  • Mutations in the DNA

How do different selection pressures contribute to speciation?

  • They lead to identical traits in all individuals
  • They prevent any genetic variation
  • They favor different phenotypes in each population (correct)
  • They promote gene flow between populations

Why is gene flow important in preventing speciation?

  • It enhances genetic variation between populations
  • It ensures that populations remain geographically isolated
  • It allows for breeding between different populations (correct)
  • It leads to identical phenotypes in all individuals

How can the formation of new species be confirmed?

<p>By analyzing DNA, amino acid sequences, or structural features (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens if individuals cannot produce viable and fertile offspring?

<p>They are considered different species (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ultimate result of speciation?

<p>No gene flow between populations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do geographical barriers like mountain ranges or rivers contribute to speciation?

<p>They prevent gene flow between separated populations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of genetic divergence in the process of speciation?

<p>It leads to populations becoming unable to interbreed (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can DNA, amino acid sequences, or structural features be used to confirm speciation?

<p>By revealing significant differences between populations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines two populations as separate species?

<p>Inability to produce viable and fertile offspring (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Geographical Isolation

Geographic separation of a species into two or more populations, preventing gene flow between them.

Selection Pressures

Different environmental pressures that favor specific traits in each isolated population, leading to genetic divergence.

Gene Flow

The exchange of genes between different populations, keeping them genetically similar and preventing speciation.

Speciation

The process of forming new species from a common ancestor, often triggered by geographical isolation and selection pressures.

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Viable and Fertile Offspring

The ability of individuals from different populations to breed and produce viable, fertile offspring. Absence of this defines separate species.

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No Gene Flow

The ultimate result of speciation, where populations are genetically distinct and cannot interbreed. This is essential for creating new species.

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Geographical Barriers

Physical barriers such as mountain ranges, rivers, or oceans that prevent gene flow between populations, promoting speciation.

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Genetic Divergence

The accumulation of genetic differences between isolated populations, eventually leading to reproductive isolation and speciation.

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DNA, Amino Acid Sequences, Structural Features

Methods to confirm speciation, comparing genetic material, protein structure, or physical features to identify significant differences between populations.

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Reproductive Isolation

The defining characteristic of two separate species - their inability to produce viable and fertile offspring through interbreeding.

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