Understanding Sample Correlation and Pearson Coefficient

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Questions and Answers

What does a correlation coefficient close to zero imply?

  • A non-linear relationship may exist between the two variables (correct)
  • No relationship exists between two variables
  • A linear relationship exists between the two variables
  • A strong positive relationship exists between the two variables

In statistics, what does Spearman’s rank correlation measure?

  • Causal relationships
  • Population parameter
  • Non-linear monotonic relationships (correct)
  • Linear relationships

Why is the interpretation of the correlation coefficient considered difficult?

  • It is heavily dependent on sample size
  • It is not sensitive to outliers
  • It doesn't measure any relationship between variables
  • It cannot explain causation (correct)

What is the purpose of performing a test of significance (such as R: cor.test()) on a correlation coefficient?

<p>To assess if there is evidence against a null hypothesis of no correlation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statistical method is mentioned as a better way to understand the relationship between variables than the correlation coefficient?

<p>R-squared (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a high sensitivity to outliers mean for a correlation coefficient?

<p>It can cause the correlation coefficient to be highly influenced by extreme data points (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a correlation coefficient of -0.99 between water content and calorific value indicate?

<p>A strong negative relationship (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the small p-value (p < 0.0001) tell us?

<p>There is strong evidence against the null hypothesis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the Bagasse example, what can we conclude about the relationship between water content and calorific value from the correlation coefficient?

<p>There is a strong negative relationship (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the p-value affect our understanding of the relationship between water content and calorific value?

<p>It provides strong evidence against the null hypothesis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Based on the information provided, what can be inferred about calorific value as water content increases?

<p>Calorific value decreases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is a regression model needed to answer more complex questions about the relationship between water content and calorific value?

<p>To understand how calorific value changes with water content (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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