Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the new asset value per share after a 20% growth in trust assets?
What is the new asset value per share after a 20% growth in trust assets?
- £1.119
- £1.479
- £1.839 (correct)
- £1.20
What is the impact of increased gearing on asset value fluctuations?
What is the impact of increased gearing on asset value fluctuations?
- It has no effect on asset values.
- It stabilizes asset values.
- It amplifies both growth and declines. (correct)
- It reduces the overall risk.
What is a common method for investors to manage liquidity in their investments?
What is a common method for investors to manage liquidity in their investments?
- Investing solely in shares
- Investing via collective funds (correct)
- Investing in illiquid assets directly
- Avoiding any form of cash reserves
How is volatility in investments typically measured?
How is volatility in investments typically measured?
What kind of investments might have a deferred payment period for investors?
What kind of investments might have a deferred payment period for investors?
What is a significant risk for savers in variable-rate accounts?
What is a significant risk for savers in variable-rate accounts?
What would the NAV be if the asset value falls by 20%?
What would the NAV be if the asset value falls by 20%?
What strategy can investors use to combat inflation risk?
What strategy can investors use to combat inflation risk?
What would the asset value amount to after a £210,000 interest payment on £21.6m?
What would the asset value amount to after a £210,000 interest payment on £21.6m?
What is indicated by higher volatility in an investment?
What is indicated by higher volatility in an investment?
What may happen to a fixed-rate savings account if interest rates increase?
What may happen to a fixed-rate savings account if interest rates increase?
If the company had not borrowed, what would the NAV be after a 20% fall in asset value?
If the company had not borrowed, what would the NAV be after a 20% fall in asset value?
If an individual saves £1,000 in a non-interest-bearing account for five years with an average inflation rate of 2.1%, what is the future purchasing power?
If an individual saves £1,000 in a non-interest-bearing account for five years with an average inflation rate of 2.1%, what is the future purchasing power?
What might impose a penalty on accessing funds in certain investments?
What might impose a penalty on accessing funds in certain investments?
What does a 24.3% change in NAV signify when assets increase or decrease?
What does a 24.3% change in NAV signify when assets increase or decrease?
What can be impacted by interest risk for retirees relying on their savings?
What can be impacted by interest risk for retirees relying on their savings?
What does a positive alpha of +1 percent indicate about the share's performance?
What does a positive alpha of +1 percent indicate about the share's performance?
What is the future value of £1 after one year if invested at a rate of 5%?
What is the future value of £1 after one year if invested at a rate of 5%?
Why might an individual prefer to receive money now rather than later?
Why might an individual prefer to receive money now rather than later?
If Jon repays his £10,000 interest-free debt now, what does he forgo?
If Jon repays his £10,000 interest-free debt now, what does he forgo?
What concept explains the ability to convert a lump sum of future payments into an equivalent value today?
What concept explains the ability to convert a lump sum of future payments into an equivalent value today?
If £1.05 is promised to be received in 12 months, what is its present value assuming a 5% return?
If £1.05 is promised to be received in 12 months, what is its present value assuming a 5% return?
When assessing future investment returns, which factor should be considered alongside alpha and beta?
When assessing future investment returns, which factor should be considered alongside alpha and beta?
What does calculating present and future value help an investor determine?
What does calculating present and future value help an investor determine?
What describes the equity risk premium?
What describes the equity risk premium?
Which risk is Daphne exposed to with her investment in shares and savings in a building society?
Which risk is Daphne exposed to with her investment in shares and savings in a building society?
If Blatant plc shares have an expected return of 12% and a standard deviation of 15%, and Subtle plc shares have an expected return of 8% with a standard deviation of 12%, which share is more volatile?
If Blatant plc shares have an expected return of 12% and a standard deviation of 15%, and Subtle plc shares have an expected return of 8% with a standard deviation of 12%, which share is more volatile?
What percentage of data is expected to fall within one standard deviation of the mean in a normal distribution?
What percentage of data is expected to fall within one standard deviation of the mean in a normal distribution?
What measure indicates whether an investment's risk is justified by its return?
What measure indicates whether an investment's risk is justified by its return?
If a share has an expected return of 10% and a standard deviation of 15%, what is the range of returns you would expect roughly 95% of the time?
If a share has an expected return of 10% and a standard deviation of 15%, what is the range of returns you would expect roughly 95% of the time?
Given a fund with a beta of 1.2, short-term interest rates of 3%, and a benchmark rise of 7%, what is the expected return?
Given a fund with a beta of 1.2, short-term interest rates of 3%, and a benchmark rise of 7%, what is the expected return?
What does a beta factor of 1 indicate about an investment?
What does a beta factor of 1 indicate about an investment?
To meet a target of £15,000 in nine years at a 7% growth rate, how much should Harry invest today?
To meet a target of £15,000 in nine years at a 7% growth rate, how much should Harry invest today?
Which of the following statements is true regarding a beta factor greater than 1?
Which of the following statements is true regarding a beta factor greater than 1?
What is the expected range of returns for Blatant plc shares 68% of the time, given an expected return of 12% and standard deviation of 15%?
What is the expected range of returns for Blatant plc shares 68% of the time, given an expected return of 12% and standard deviation of 15%?
For regular investments of £600 every year for 10 years at a growth rate of 6%, which of the following is a correct calculation of the future value?
For regular investments of £600 every year for 10 years at a growth rate of 6%, which of the following is a correct calculation of the future value?
What is the primary purpose of calculating the alpha of an investment?
What is the primary purpose of calculating the alpha of an investment?
How is beta significant to investors considering volatility?
How is beta significant to investors considering volatility?
If an investment has a beta close to 0, what does this imply?
If an investment has a beta close to 0, what does this imply?
What should investors consider when determining the level of risk to take?
What should investors consider when determining the level of risk to take?
What is one of the main risks associated with investing in building society accounts?
What is one of the main risks associated with investing in building society accounts?
What does the text suggest about the time frame of investment and its impact on risk?
What does the text suggest about the time frame of investment and its impact on risk?
What is an 'equity risk premium' (ERP)?
What is an 'equity risk premium' (ERP)?
Based on the provided text, what is a key consideration when recommending an investment to a client?
Based on the provided text, what is a key consideration when recommending an investment to a client?
Which of the following is NOT a valid reason why asset-backed investments may be more suitable for long-term investments?
Which of the following is NOT a valid reason why asset-backed investments may be more suitable for long-term investments?
What is an example of an asset-backed investment as mentioned in the text?
What is an example of an asset-backed investment as mentioned in the text?
What is the main reason why building societies are considered generally safe investments?
What is the main reason why building societies are considered generally safe investments?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between the risk and the time horizon of an investment?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between the risk and the time horizon of an investment?
Flashcards
Liquidity
Liquidity
The ease of converting an asset into cash without affecting its price.
Illiquid Assets
Illiquid Assets
Assets that are not easily convertible to cash, like venture capital trusts.
Access to Funds
Access to Funds
The ability of an investor to retrieve their investment money promptly.
Fixed-term Investments
Fixed-term Investments
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Interest Risk
Interest Risk
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Inflation Risk
Inflation Risk
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Real Return
Real Return
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Penalty for Early Withdrawal
Penalty for Early Withdrawal
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Investment Risk
Investment Risk
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Time Factor in Investment
Time Factor in Investment
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Building Society Investments
Building Society Investments
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Stock Market Volatility
Stock Market Volatility
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Asset-Backed Investments
Asset-Backed Investments
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Inflation Protection
Inflation Protection
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Deposit-Based Investments
Deposit-Based Investments
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Equity Risk Premium (ERP)
Equity Risk Premium (ERP)
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Net Asset Value (NAV)
Net Asset Value (NAV)
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Gearing
Gearing
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Asset Growth
Asset Growth
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Volatility
Volatility
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Standard Deviation
Standard Deviation
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Interest Payments
Interest Payments
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Loss in Value
Loss in Value
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Alpha
Alpha
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Positive Alpha
Positive Alpha
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Time Value of Money
Time Value of Money
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Future Value (FV)
Future Value (FV)
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Present Value (PV)
Present Value (PV)
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Investment Compensation
Investment Compensation
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Debt Repayment Decision
Debt Repayment Decision
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Lump Sum Investment Calculation
Lump Sum Investment Calculation
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Normal Distribution
Normal Distribution
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68-95-99 Rule
68-95-99 Rule
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Standard Deviation (SD)
Standard Deviation (SD)
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Beta
Beta
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Beta Factor 1
Beta Factor 1
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Beta Factor Over 1
Beta Factor Over 1
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Beta Factor Below 1
Beta Factor Below 1
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Income Growth
Income Growth
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Capital Growth
Capital Growth
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Short-term Volatility
Short-term Volatility
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Long-term Investment Performance
Long-term Investment Performance
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Systematic Risk
Systematic Risk
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Non-systematic Risk
Non-systematic Risk
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Investment Beta
Investment Beta
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Investment Alpha
Investment Alpha
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Study Notes
Risk
- Risk is the possibility of something harmful or damaging occurring, leading to loss.
- Risk is associated with the probability of an adverse event occurring.
- Risk is defined as the possible variation in an outcome from what is expected.
- Risk involves uncertainty about future events.
- Risk is about variability because future events cannot be predicted with certainty.
- Risk relates to expectations of what will happen.
- Risk arises because actual events might differ from intended or expected results.
- Risk can never be eliminated, it can only be reduced.
Types of Risk
- Investment risk: probability of achieving or failing to achieve expected return
- Operational risk: losses due to inadequate processes, systems, or external factors
- Business risk/reputational risk: company’s exposure to factors affecting profit
- Capital risk: risk of losing the original investment.
- Income risk: reduction in investment income (e.g., declining interest rates, reduced dividends).
- Shortfall risk: investment failing to meet expectations.
- Liquidity and access risk: inability to convert investment into cash quickly.
- Interest risk: impact of interest rate fluctuations on investment value.
- Inflation risk: reduction in purchasing power of cash or investments due to inflation.
- Currency risk: fluctuations in exchange rates impacting investment value.
- Systemic risk: risk that failures in one part of a system can affect other parts.
- Non-systematic risk: risk particular to a specific business or sector.
- Gearing: using borrowed funds for investment, amplifying both returns and losses.
Volatility
- Volatility measures how a share or fund's value fluctuates against previous performance, sector averages or benchmarks.
- Standard deviation is a method measuring how much a set of values differ from the average.
- Lower volatility = lower risk.
- High volatility = higher risk.
Beta and Alpha
- Beta: measures how a share or fund's value fluctuates compared to the overall market (or benchmark).
- Beta of 1: moves in line with the benchmark
- Beta greater than 1: more volatile than the benchmark
- Beta less than 1: less volatile than the benchmark
- Alpha: measures an investment's return compared to its risk-adjusted expected return.
- Positive alpha: investment performs better than expected, given the risk.
- Negative alpha: investment performs worse than expected.
Time Value of Money
- Money available today is worth more than the same amount in the future due to potential earning capacity.
- Compounding is the process of calculating future values.
- Discounting is the opposite of compounding, calculating present values of future sums.
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