Chapter 9: Reading Firefighters
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Questions and Answers

What is the most serious heat stress injury?

  • Heat cramps
  • Heat rash
  • Heat exhaustion
  • Heatstroke (correct)

Which symptom does NOT characterize heat exhaustion?

  • Cool and clammy skin
  • Nausea
  • Hot, dry, flushed skin (correct)
  • Dizziness

What did the Orange County Fire Authority Study highlight?

  • After rest, core temperatures of all participants dropped significantly
  • Passive cooling methods were more effective than active cooling
  • Most participants had readings below 101.8°F
  • 44% of participants had core temperature readings over 102.1°F (correct)

What is the average core temperature of firefighters at rest according to the study summary?

<p>101.1°F (38.4°C) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is active cooling recommended for reducing the chance of thermal stress injury?

<p>It lowers core temperature and reduces the chance of thermal stress injury (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the essence of fire service professionalism according to the text?

<p>Functioning effectively in challenging circumstances (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is achieved through heavy resistance training like weightlifting and core strengthening, according to the text?

<p>Anaerobic fitness (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which strategy acknowledges that workers are less likely to suffer an injury if they are aware of the problem?

<p>Awareness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor can influence an individual's ability to maintain core temperature according to the text?

<p>PPE type (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What reduces the body's ability to evaporate heat according to the text?

<p>High humidity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the symptoms of frostbite?

<p>Whitish or bluish-white skin color (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can firefighters prevent thermal stress injuries?

<p>Removing firefighters from stressful environments (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the leading cause of firefighter injuries and deaths according to the text?

<p>Overexertion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which system is responsible for transferring prepared fuel/water to the cell supply chain?

<p>Stomach (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can dehydration lead to among firefighters according to the text?

<p>Reduced mental ability (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is recommended to maintain proper hydration levels during work periods for firefighters?

<p>Drinking water in small increments every 15 to 20 minutes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of consuming sports drinks (SDs) like Gatorade during a working incident?

<p>To replace essential electrolytes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does high-glycemic-index food have on firefighters' energy levels?

<p>Spikes blood sugar rapidly (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are energy drinks like Red Bull or Rock Star not recommended for firefighters during work?

<p>They can reduce intracellular hydration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended balance of food groups in a cell-fueling strategy for firefighters?

<p>40% carbohydrate, 30% protein, 30% fat (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended first break duration for firefighters engaging in Self-Rehabilitation (Self-Rehab) after using SCBA bottles or equivalent workload?

<p>15 minutes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of Rehab, what does the '10/20 rule' refer to?

<p>A rule defining the duration of the initial and subsequent breaks for firefighters (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is Formal Rehabilitation required according to the text?

<p>For large, long-duration, resource-intensive incidents (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which situation is it mentioned that BLS or ALS trained firefighters may not be able to monitor each other?

<p>During incidents involving hazardous materials (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of incidents typically require technician-level response in terms of Rehab requirements?

<p>Wildland fires (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main roles of the Incident Support Officer (ISO) during the formal rehab process?

<p>Offer suggestions for improving rehab effectiveness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for the relaxation area during rehab to be out of sight of the evolving incident?

<p>To shield firefighters from witnessing potentially traumatic scenes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a crucial factor that determines whether a firefighter can return to duty after rehabilitation?

<p>The decision made by two paramedic trained individuals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some of the medical criteria that indicate a firefighter should not be allowed to return to duty after rehab?

<p>High blood pressure and rapid heart rate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of postincident rehab after crews leave the scene?

<p>To monitor and ensure the proper cleaning and exchange of PPE (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of fats are recommended for firefighters' nutrition?

<p>Monounsaturated fats like olive oil and nuts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct order of components that should be included in a firefighter's rehabilitation plan, as outlined in the text?

<p>Rest, Hydration, Basic Life Support (BLS) monitoring and care, Energy Nutrition, Accommodation for weather (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which food item is NOT recommended as an efficient snack for firefighters according to the text?

<p>Mustard (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How often should firefighters be fed based on the text?

<p>Every 2 to 3 hours (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of removing or shielding firefighters from weather conditions during rehab?

<p>To accommodate for weather conditions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is active cooling recommended for firefighters after exertion in PPE and/or heat stress environments?

<p>To stabilize vital signs including core temperature (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism to prevent heat stress for firefighters?

<p>Sweating (evaporative cooling) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor can reduce the benefit of sweat evaporation and add to heat stress for firefighters?

<p>High humidity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which strategy can help mitigate ergonomic stressors in firefighting tasks?

<p>Using accommodation efforts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of an ergonomic abatement strategy to reduce injury potential for firefighters?

<p>Adding more people to slow down a task (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do environmental stressors contribute to in firefighting?

<p>Raising the risk of overexertion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between heat exhaustion and heatstroke?

<p>The change in behavior (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is active cooling recommended after exertion in PPE and/or heat stress environments?

<p>To reduce the chance of thermal stress injury (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the common symptom of heat cramps?

<p>Muscle spasms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what scenario is rapid transport to the hospital mandatory?

<p>Heatstroke (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of the Orange County Fire Authority Study conducted in 2007?

<p>Documenting baseline body core temperature of firefighters (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between frostbite and hypothermia?

<p>Mechanism of injury (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to rotate firefighting crews through heavy and light tasks according to the text?

<p>To minimize stress from working in extreme environments (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for emphasizing hydration in cold stress environments for firefighters?

<p>To enhance cell performance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which system plays a crucial role in transferring oxygen and carbon dioxide for cell performance?

<p>Lungs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can happen if a firefighter experiences overexertion due to a mismatch in demand and supply of cell ingredients?

<p>Risk of injuries and death (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are carbohydrates considered the toughest macronutrient to balance correctly for firefighters?

<p>They are generally high in unfavorable carbohydrates. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key factor that prompts the body to break down stored body fat for energy during firefighting activities?

<p>Depleted muscle glycogen stores (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can firefighters maintain energy levels and prevent crashes during their work according to the text?

<p>By increasing protein and reducing carbohydrate intake (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of menu planning with a nutrition or fitness expert for rehab efforts?

<p>To ensure a balanced 40/30/30 macronutrient ratio (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it recommended to have high-piled turkey instead of multiple sandwiches for firefighters' sustenance?

<p>To maintain energy levels and prevent a crash (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for firefighters to consume sports drinks like Gatorade during a working incident?

<p>To replace essential electrolytes lost through sweating (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key function of low-glycemic carbohydrates in the cell-fueling strategy for firefighters?

<p>To stabilize insulin release into the bloodstream (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are energy drinks like Red Bull or Rock Star not recommended for firefighters during work?

<p>They can reduce intracellular hydration and increase urinary output (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Cell-Fueling Theory suggest is necessary for a cell to work efficiently?

<p>A balance of oxygen, water, and fuel (glucose) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do high-glycemic-index food sources affect blood sugar levels in firefighters according to the text?

<p>They quickly spike blood sugar levels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of integrating Rehab with overall wellness and fitness programs for firefighters?

<p>To enhance the physical and mental health of firefighters (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might BLS or ALS trained firefighters not be able to monitor each other during Rehab?

<p>Due to lack of necessary equipment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the '10/20 rule' in the context of firefighter rehabilitation?

<p>It sets guidelines for rest breaks after physical labor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under what conditions are technician-level responses required during incidents?

<p>During incidents involving hazardous materials (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might self-rehabilitation not include all components like energy nourishment, BLS monitoring, and weather accommodation?

<p>To encourage firefighters to rely on their own resources (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What acronym can be used to remember the five components of a firefighter's rehab as outlined in the text?

<p>REHAB (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In terms of rehab efforts for firefighters, what does the 'B' in the 'REHAB' acronym stand for?

<p>Basic Life Support (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of formal rehab according to the text?

<p>Preplanned and trained manner (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following should be ensured during rehab to help stabilize firefighters' vital signs?

<p>Active cooling (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor determines when the rehab effort for firefighters should transition from informal to formal according to the text?

<p>Incident duration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the Incident Support Officer (ISO) during the formal rehab process?

<p>Focus on hazard environment and risk-taking elements (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it essential for the relaxation area during rehab to be out of sight of the evolving incident?

<p>To ensure privacy and promote recovery for firefighters (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medical criteria indicate a firefighter should not be allowed to return to duty after rehab?

<p>Signs of cardiac distress or injury (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of reading firefighters as mentioned in the text?

<p>To predict mistakes or poor judgment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it necessary for assigned staff to help firefighters doff their gear during rehab?

<p>To avoid contamination of the rehab area (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main factor that leads to mistakes in judgment and decreased mental awareness among firefighters?

<p>Overexertion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which element is NOT considered an environmental stressor that can contribute to overexertion among firefighters?

<p>Psychological stress (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should a firefighter do immediately if it has been more than 2 hours since they last ate?

<p>Begin fueling (feeding) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is NOT associated with heat stress injuries in firefighters?

<p>Numbness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the acronym REHAB help the ISO remember in the context of rehab efforts for firefighters?

<p>Essential rehab elements (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of using external methods to reduce elevated body core temperatures called?

<p>Active cooling (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is NOT associated with cold stress injuries in firefighters?

<p>Heatstroke (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What key term describes an individual's gradual process of becoming accustomed to an environment?

<p>'Acclimation' (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which element is NOT required for optimal cell performance during arduous firefighting tasks?

<p>'Calories' (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Transient heat fatigue' is characterized by what early warning sign of elevated core temperature?

<p>'Uncontrolled shivering' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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