Chapter 9: Reading Firefighters
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Questions and Answers

What is the most serious heat stress injury?

  • Heat cramps
  • Heat rash
  • Heat exhaustion
  • Heatstroke (correct)

    • Which symptom does NOT characterize heat exhaustion?

  • Cool and clammy skin
  • Nausea
  • Hot, dry, flushed skin (correct)
  • Dizziness

    • What did the Orange County Fire Authority Study highlight?

  • After rest, core temperatures of all participants dropped significantly
  • Passive cooling methods were more effective than active cooling
  • Most participants had readings below 101.8°F
  • 44% of participants had core temperature readings over 102.1°F (correct)

    • What is the average core temperature of firefighters at rest according to the study summary?

    <p>101.1°F (38.4°C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is active cooling recommended for reducing the chance of thermal stress injury?

    <p>It lowers core temperature and reduces the chance of thermal stress injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the essence of fire service professionalism according to the text?

    <p>Functioning effectively in challenging circumstances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is achieved through heavy resistance training like weightlifting and core strengthening, according to the text?

    <p>Anaerobic fitness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which strategy acknowledges that workers are less likely to suffer an injury if they are aware of the problem?

    <p>Awareness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor can influence an individual's ability to maintain core temperature according to the text?

    <p>PPE type</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What reduces the body's ability to evaporate heat according to the text?

    <p>High humidity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the symptoms of frostbite?

    <p>Whitish or bluish-white skin color</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can firefighters prevent thermal stress injuries?

    <p>Removing firefighters from stressful environments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the leading cause of firefighter injuries and deaths according to the text?

    <p>Overexertion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which system is responsible for transferring prepared fuel/water to the cell supply chain?

    <p>Stomach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can dehydration lead to among firefighters according to the text?

    <p>Reduced mental ability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is recommended to maintain proper hydration levels during work periods for firefighters?

    <p>Drinking water in small increments every 15 to 20 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of consuming sports drinks (SDs) like Gatorade during a working incident?

    <p>To replace essential electrolytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does high-glycemic-index food have on firefighters' energy levels?

    <p>Spikes blood sugar rapidly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are energy drinks like Red Bull or Rock Star not recommended for firefighters during work?

    <p>They can reduce intracellular hydration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended balance of food groups in a cell-fueling strategy for firefighters?

    <p>40% carbohydrate, 30% protein, 30% fat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended first break duration for firefighters engaging in Self-Rehabilitation (Self-Rehab) after using SCBA bottles or equivalent workload?

    <p>15 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of Rehab, what does the '10/20 rule' refer to?

    <p>A rule defining the duration of the initial and subsequent breaks for firefighters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is Formal Rehabilitation required according to the text?

    <p>For large, long-duration, resource-intensive incidents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which situation is it mentioned that BLS or ALS trained firefighters may not be able to monitor each other?

    <p>During incidents involving hazardous materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of incidents typically require technician-level response in terms of Rehab requirements?

    <p>Wildland fires</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main roles of the Incident Support Officer (ISO) during the formal rehab process?

    <p>Offer suggestions for improving rehab effectiveness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for the relaxation area during rehab to be out of sight of the evolving incident?

    <p>To shield firefighters from witnessing potentially traumatic scenes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a crucial factor that determines whether a firefighter can return to duty after rehabilitation?

    <p>The decision made by two paramedic trained individuals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some of the medical criteria that indicate a firefighter should not be allowed to return to duty after rehab?

    <p>High blood pressure and rapid heart rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of postincident rehab after crews leave the scene?

    <p>To monitor and ensure the proper cleaning and exchange of PPE</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of fats are recommended for firefighters' nutrition?

    <p>Monounsaturated fats like olive oil and nuts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct order of components that should be included in a firefighter's rehabilitation plan, as outlined in the text?

    <p>Rest, Hydration, Basic Life Support (BLS) monitoring and care, Energy Nutrition, Accommodation for weather</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which food item is NOT recommended as an efficient snack for firefighters according to the text?

    <p>Mustard</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How often should firefighters be fed based on the text?

    <p>Every 2 to 3 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of removing or shielding firefighters from weather conditions during rehab?

    <p>To accommodate for weather conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is active cooling recommended for firefighters after exertion in PPE and/or heat stress environments?

    <p>To stabilize vital signs including core temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism to prevent heat stress for firefighters?

    <p>Sweating (evaporative cooling)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor can reduce the benefit of sweat evaporation and add to heat stress for firefighters?

    <p>High humidity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which strategy can help mitigate ergonomic stressors in firefighting tasks?

    <p>Using accommodation efforts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of an ergonomic abatement strategy to reduce injury potential for firefighters?

    <p>Adding more people to slow down a task</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do environmental stressors contribute to in firefighting?

    <p>Raising the risk of overexertion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key difference between heat exhaustion and heatstroke?

    <p>The change in behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is active cooling recommended after exertion in PPE and/or heat stress environments?

    <p>To reduce the chance of thermal stress injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common symptom of heat cramps?

    <p>Muscle spasms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what scenario is rapid transport to the hospital mandatory?

    <p>Heatstroke</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of the Orange County Fire Authority Study conducted in 2007?

    <p>Documenting baseline body core temperature of firefighters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between frostbite and hypothermia?

    <p>Mechanism of injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to rotate firefighting crews through heavy and light tasks according to the text?

    <p>To minimize stress from working in extreme environments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for emphasizing hydration in cold stress environments for firefighters?

    <p>To enhance cell performance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which system plays a crucial role in transferring oxygen and carbon dioxide for cell performance?

    <p>Lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can happen if a firefighter experiences overexertion due to a mismatch in demand and supply of cell ingredients?

    <p>Risk of injuries and death</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are carbohydrates considered the toughest macronutrient to balance correctly for firefighters?

    <p>They are generally high in unfavorable carbohydrates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key factor that prompts the body to break down stored body fat for energy during firefighting activities?

    <p>Depleted muscle glycogen stores</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can firefighters maintain energy levels and prevent crashes during their work according to the text?

    <p>By increasing protein and reducing carbohydrate intake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of menu planning with a nutrition or fitness expert for rehab efforts?

    <p>To ensure a balanced 40/30/30 macronutrient ratio</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it recommended to have high-piled turkey instead of multiple sandwiches for firefighters' sustenance?

    <p>To maintain energy levels and prevent a crash</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for firefighters to consume sports drinks like Gatorade during a working incident?

    <p>To replace essential electrolytes lost through sweating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key function of low-glycemic carbohydrates in the cell-fueling strategy for firefighters?

    <p>To stabilize insulin release into the bloodstream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are energy drinks like Red Bull or Rock Star not recommended for firefighters during work?

    <p>They can reduce intracellular hydration and increase urinary output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Cell-Fueling Theory suggest is necessary for a cell to work efficiently?

    <p>A balance of oxygen, water, and fuel (glucose)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do high-glycemic-index food sources affect blood sugar levels in firefighters according to the text?

    <p>They quickly spike blood sugar levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of integrating Rehab with overall wellness and fitness programs for firefighters?

    <p>To enhance the physical and mental health of firefighters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might BLS or ALS trained firefighters not be able to monitor each other during Rehab?

    <p>Due to lack of necessary equipment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the '10/20 rule' in the context of firefighter rehabilitation?

    <p>It sets guidelines for rest breaks after physical labor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what conditions are technician-level responses required during incidents?

    <p>During incidents involving hazardous materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might self-rehabilitation not include all components like energy nourishment, BLS monitoring, and weather accommodation?

    <p>To encourage firefighters to rely on their own resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What acronym can be used to remember the five components of a firefighter's rehab as outlined in the text?

    <p>REHAB</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of rehab efforts for firefighters, what does the 'B' in the 'REHAB' acronym stand for?

    <p>Basic Life Support</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of formal rehab according to the text?

    <p>Preplanned and trained manner</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following should be ensured during rehab to help stabilize firefighters' vital signs?

    <p>Active cooling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor determines when the rehab effort for firefighters should transition from informal to formal according to the text?

    <p>Incident duration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the Incident Support Officer (ISO) during the formal rehab process?

    <p>Focus on hazard environment and risk-taking elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it essential for the relaxation area during rehab to be out of sight of the evolving incident?

    <p>To ensure privacy and promote recovery for firefighters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medical criteria indicate a firefighter should not be allowed to return to duty after rehab?

    <p>Signs of cardiac distress or injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of reading firefighters as mentioned in the text?

    <p>To predict mistakes or poor judgment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it necessary for assigned staff to help firefighters doff their gear during rehab?

    <p>To avoid contamination of the rehab area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main factor that leads to mistakes in judgment and decreased mental awareness among firefighters?

    <p>Overexertion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element is NOT considered an environmental stressor that can contribute to overexertion among firefighters?

    <p>Psychological stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a firefighter do immediately if it has been more than 2 hours since they last ate?

    <p>Begin fueling (feeding)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is NOT associated with heat stress injuries in firefighters?

    <p>Numbness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the acronym REHAB help the ISO remember in the context of rehab efforts for firefighters?

    <p>Essential rehab elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of using external methods to reduce elevated body core temperatures called?

    <p>Active cooling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is NOT associated with cold stress injuries in firefighters?

    <p>Heatstroke</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What key term describes an individual's gradual process of becoming accustomed to an environment?

    <p>'Acclimation'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element is NOT required for optimal cell performance during arduous firefighting tasks?

    <p>'Calories'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Transient heat fatigue' is characterized by what early warning sign of elevated core temperature?

    <p>'Uncontrolled shivering'</p> Signup and view all the answers

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