Understanding Racism and Its Origins
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Questions and Answers

What event triggered massive demonstrations in 2020?

  • The rise of anti-Asian hate crimes
  • The start of the pandemic
  • The death of George Floyd (correct)
  • The shooting of a Korean family

Racism only affects Black individuals in society.

False (B)

What percentage of reported anti-Asian incidents occurred since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic?

More than 9,000

Racism claims that the human species can be divided into different __________ groups.

<p>biological</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following events with their related details:

<p>George Floyd's death = Triggered protests against racism Shooting of the Korean couple = Resulted in the death of both mother and infant Anti-Asian incidents = Reportedly over 9,000 since COVID-19 Derek Chauvin = Knelt on Floyd's neck for over nine minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about racism is accurate?

<p>Racism believes that cultural characteristics are fixed. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The suspect in the shooting of the Korean couple had a known connection with them.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterized the beliefs held by proponents of racism regarding human groups?

<p>Different biological groups determine behavior and success.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe dividing society by race?

<p>Racial Segregation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The doctrine of 'separate but equal' effectively eliminated racial inequalities.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is genocide?

<p>The deliberate killing of a large number of people from a specific ethnic group with the intent to eliminate them completely.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Holocaust is an example of __________.

<p>genocide</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

<p>Racial Segregation = Restricting access based on race Genocide = Deliberate killing of a specific ethnic group Apartheid = Systematic racial segregation in South Africa Jim Crow Laws = Racial segregation laws in the American South</p> Signup and view all the answers

What climax of racism is indicated to have occurred in the twentieth century?

<p>The rise and fall of overtly racist regimes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The civil rights movement of the 1950s and '60s had no effect on racism in the United States.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What methods have societies used to combat racism since the mid-20th century?

<p>Raising awareness of racist beliefs and practices, promoting human understanding, and implementing public policies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The __________ Amendment invalidated regulations aimed at limiting the voting power of racial minorities in the United States.

<p>Twenty-fourth</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following events or terms with their significance:

<p>Nazi Germany = Attempted extermination of an entire ethnic group American South segregation laws = Reduced African Americans to a lower caste status Universal Declaration of Human Rights = Promoted human understanding Civil Rights Movement = Attacked racial segregation and discrimination</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a vital feature of the racist regime maintained by state law in the American South?

<p>Fear of sexual contamination through rape or intermarriage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Scientific studies have supported the validity of racist genetics, or eugenics.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were African Americans depicted as in extreme racist propaganda?

<p>Ravening beasts lusting after white women.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The efforts to understand racism emphasize its role in eliciting __________ and distrust.

<p>hatred</p> Signup and view all the answers

What year was the Universal Declaration of Human Rights set forth by the United Nations?

<p>1948 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What belief is central to racist thinking?

<p>Racial differences are innate and unchangeable. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Racism rejects the idea of social integration.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When did the concept of race begin to develop primarily?

<p>16th century during the Transatlantic Slave Trade</p> Signup and view all the answers

Racism is frequently expressed through __________ and discrimination.

<p>prejudice</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the proponents of slavery use to justify their actions?

<p>Racial differences (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following historical events with their significance regarding racism:

<p>Transatlantic Slave Trade = Development of the concept of race 19th Century Colonization = Spread of racist beliefs globally Justification of Slavery = Characterization of Africans as inferior Social Hierarchy = Natural ordering of races</p> Signup and view all the answers

Intelligence and attitudes are believed to be influenced by environment according to racists.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term is used to describe the hierarchy in which certain races are believed to have superiority over others?

<p>Hierarchical ordering</p> Signup and view all the answers

Discrimination against low-status races became a typical __________ in many parts of the world.

<p>pattern</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the Voting Rights Act of 1965 require from jurisdictions with a history of voter suppression?

<p>To obtain federal approval for changes to voting laws (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Racial slurs are often condemned and can be considered as hate speech.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is racial discrimination?

<p>The unfair treatment of individuals or groups based on their race.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Racial stereotypes are generalized beliefs about people based on their _____ .

<p>race</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following examples of racism with their descriptions:

<p>Racial Slurs = Offensive words used to discriminate Racial Stereotypes = Generalized beliefs about racial groups Racial Discrimination = Unfair treatment based on race Hate Speech = Speech that incites hatred against a group</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential consequence of racial stereotypes?

<p>Discrimination and social exclusion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Racial discrimination must explicitly mention race to be considered discriminatory.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Give an example of how racial discrimination can manifest in schools.

<p>Black girls face harsher disciplinary actions compared to their white peers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The process of obtaining federal approval for proposed voting law changes is known as _____ .

<p>preclearance</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of racist belief involves projecting oversimplified expectations onto individuals?

<p>Positive stereotypes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is racism?

The belief that the human species can be divided into different biological groups that determine behavior, success, and capabilities.

Black Lives Matter

A movement advocating for the end of systemic racism and racial injustice.

Stop AAPI Hate

A national coalition collecting data on anti-Asian incidents related to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Racial superiority

A belief that certain races are inherently superior to others, often used to justify discrimination and prejudice.

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Racial discrimination

The unfair treatment of individuals based on their race or ethnicity.

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Systemic racism

The unequal distribution of power and resources based on race.

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Entrenched racism

Persistent prejudice towards a specific ethnic group.

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Fixed racial characteristics

The idea that cultural traits and abilities of different races are fixed.

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Colonialism's impact on colonized populations

Colonialism's feelings of superiority created resentment and hostility among colonized people, even after independence.

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The 20th Century's Rise of Overt Racism

The rise of overt racist regimes in the 20th century intensified and formalized racial discrimination.

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Jim Crow Laws and their impact

Segregation laws and voting restrictions in the American South created a caste system that marginalized African Americans.

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Racist propaganda and its role

Racist propaganda used fear and false accusations to justify violence, like lynching, against African Americans.

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Fear of racial mixing in the South

The fear of racial mixing, particularly through intermarriage, was a vital component of the racist regime enforced by Southern laws.

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Nazi Germany and the downfall of scientific racism

Nazi Germany's attempt to exterminate an entire ethnic group based on racist ideology brought about moral revulsion and the discrediting of scientific racism.

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Combating Racism

Combating Racism through Awareness and Human Rights

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The Civil Rights Movement in the US

The Civil Rights Movement challenged discriminatory laws and policies in the United States, leading to their gradual elimination.

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Universal Declaration of Human Rights

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights affirms the inherent dignity and equal rights of all human beings.

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The 24th Amendment

The 24th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution eliminated poll taxes, which were used to disenfranchise Black voters.

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Racism

The belief that biological differences between groups of people determine their social and cultural characteristics, leading to a hierarchy where some races are seen as superior to others.

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Race

The classification of humans into distinct groups based on shared physical traits, often used to legitimize discrimination and inequality.

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Biological Determinism

The idea that racial differences are innate and unchangeable, implying that social inequalities are predetermined by biology.

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16th Century & The Transatlantic Slave Trade

The historical period during which the Transatlantic Slave Trade fueled the development of racial ideologies to justify the enslavement of Africans.

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19th Century & Racism's Global Spread

The period during which racism became widely recognized and spread globally, justifying colonialism and exploitation of different racial groups.

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Racialized Labor Exploitation

The forced displacement of people from their homeland for labor exploitation, often rooted in racial prejudice and the perception of racial inferiority.

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Racial Degeneration

The idea that racial blending would lead to the degeneration of a superior race, used to justify racial segregation and oppression.

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Rejection of Integration

The rejection of integrating different racial groups based on the belief that such integration would result in the decline of the superior race.

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What are racial slurs?

Offensive words or phrases used to degrade and discriminate against people based on their race or ethnicity. These slurs are often condemned as hate speech.

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What are racial stereotypes?

Generalized beliefs about people based on their race. They can be positive or negative but are often used to justify discrimination.

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What is racial discrimination?

Unfair and prejudicial treatment of individuals or groups based on their race. It can occur in various areas of life, such as employment, housing, and education.

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What is racial superiority?

The idea that some races are inherently better than others. This belief is often used to justify discrimination and prejudice.

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What is the Black Lives Matter movement?

A social and political movement advocating for the end of systemic racism and racial injustice. It highlights the systemic issues that affect Black people.

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What is Stop AAPI Hate?

A national coalition gathering data on anti-Asian hate incidents that happened during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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What is systemic racism?

Prejudice that is ingrained in systems and institutions, like law enforcement, education, and housing. It results in unequal distribution of power and resources based on race.

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What is entrenched racism?

The persistent and ingrained prejudice against a specific ethnic group. It tends to be long-lasting and deeply rooted in social structures.

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What are fixed racial characteristics?

The assumption that certain cultural traits and abilities are fixed and unchanging based on race. This ignores individual differences and diversity within racial groups.

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What are scapegoats?

The tendency to blame and unfairly target certain groups of people based on their assumed lower status, which often coincides with their race or ethnicity.

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Racial segregation

Separating people based on their race, limiting their access to opportunities, resources, services, and institutions.

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"Separate but equal"

A policy of separating people based on race, claiming that equal treatment is provided in these separate spaces.

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Genocide

The deliberate killing of a large group of people from a specific ethnic group or nation with the intention of eliminating them completely.

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Hate crime based on race

The act of killing someone based on their race.

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Racializing a group

The process of wrongly associating an entire group of people with a specific race, leading to discrimination and dehumanization.

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Study Notes

Racism Defined

  • Racism claims that humans can be divided into biological groups determining behaviour, economics, and political success.
  • It views races as fixed subdivisions of humans with distinct cultures.
  • It believes biological factors explain social and cultural differences and that certain races are superior.
  • Racism presumes differences are innate and unchanging, ignoring environmental or historical influences.

Origins of Racism

  • Racism didn't emerge until the 16th century through the Transatlantic Slave Trade.
  • The demand for enslaved labor in the 17th century led Europeans and Americans to justify slavery by categorizing people by "race."
  • In the 19th century, racism spread globally, with Western countries dividing societies into "higher" and "lower" races.
  • Colonized peoples were exploited, and discrimination became a pattern.
  • Resentment and hostility toward colonizers persisted post-independence.
  • Racism reached its peak in the 20th century with overtly racist regimes.

Combating Racism

  • The 20th century saw global recognition of racism's harm, with efforts to raise awareness and promote understanding.
  • The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) aimed to combat racism in public policies.
  • In the USA, the Civil Rights Movement (1950s-60s) challenged racial segregation, and anti-discrimination laws were passed (e.g. Voting Rights Act 1965).
  • However, racial biases and beliefs continued into the 21st century.

Examples of Racism

  • Racial slurs and stereotypes: Offending words and generalizations based on race discriminate and demean individuals or groups.
  • Discrimination: Prejudicial and unfair treatment based on race, manifests in employment, housing, education, justice, healthcare, etc.
  • Dividing society by race: Restricting access to resources, institutions, services, and opportunities based on race (e.g., apartheid, Jim Crow laws).
  • Eliminating people based on race: Hate crimes and genocide, like the Holocaust, targeting specific racial groups for elimination.

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Racism Article PDF

Description

This quiz explores the definitions, historical roots, and societal implications of racism. It delves into how racism emerged in the 16th century and its transformation through the ages, focusing on the impact of the Transatlantic Slave Trade and colonialism. Test your knowledge on the evolving concept of race and its enduring consequences.

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