38 Questions
What is the age range by which no evidence of pubertal development is seen in males or females requires further evaluation?
14-16 years for males, 13-15 years for females
What does the early development of sexual hair without signs of sexual maturation indicate?
Premature adrenarche
Which hormones are suppressed by GnRH analogs to delay puberty-related changes?
LH and FSH
What type of changes do puberty blockers like GnRH analogs delay?
Changes in primary and secondary sex characteristics
Which of the following effects do GnRH analogs have in individuals identified as male at birth?
Halt facial and body hair growth
What changes in individuals identified as female at birth do GnRH analogs prevent?
Breast development and menstruation
Which Tanner stage is characterized by an increase in breast size without contour separation?
Tanner 3
What is the defining feature of Tanner stage 4 in breast development?
Secondary mound formation above the breast
In what Tanner stage does the areola become part of the general breast contour?
Tanner 5
What is a potential consequence of delayed onset of puberty?
Lag in stature growth
What could be a reason for a deliberate delay in pubertal development?
Use of puberty blockers
What might be observed in individuals with delayed puberty onset?
Normal pubertal changes sequence
Which Tanner stage features a buddy-shaped elevation of the areola?
Tanner 2
What is a common feature of individuals who have a delayed onset of puberty?
'First to mature, last to grow' pattern in family members
What is the primary purpose of using GnRH analogs in adolescents?
To pause puberty
If an adolescent stops taking GnRH analogs, what will happen?
Puberty will resume
Which Tanner stage is characterized by lateral spreading of adult pubic hair to the medial surface of the thighs?
Tanner 5
What is the primary reason for monitoring weight gain during pregnancy?
To improve reproductive outcomes
What is the recommended weight gain range during pregnancy for patients with a prepregnancy BMI of 19.8 to 26.0?
11.5 to 16 kg
Which stage of pubic hair development is characterized by hair being coarse, curly, abundant but less than adult?
Tanner 4
What happens to pubic hair in Tanner stage 6, according to the text?
Lateral spreading and further extension upwards or dispersed occur
How does the use of GnRH analogs affect pubertal development?
Pauses pubertal development temporarily
What is the recommended weight gain range for underweight patients with a BMI of 29 during pregnancy?
5 to 9.1 kg
What complications are obese patients at increased risk of during pregnancy?
Preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, cesarean delivery
What may pregnant adolescents younger than 16 years require during pregnancy due to their growth spurt?
Higher weight gains
What is the recommended weekly weight gain in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy?
0.5 to 1 lb per week
What risk is associated with gaining too little weight during pregnancy?
Low-birth-weight infant
How should measurement procedures for older adults be conducted to calculate BMI?
They are the same as those used for other adults
What is a potential problem associated with underweight in older adults?
Increased risk of food insecurity
Why might patients who gain too much weight during pregnancy face a difficult delivery?
'It can lead to a high-birth-weight infant'
Which Tanner stage is characterized by enlargement of the penis and further enlargement of testes, along with descent of the scrotum?
Tanner 3
What is a rare disease of excessive growth and distorted proportions caused by hypersecretion of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor after epiphyseal closure called?
Acromegaly
Which Tanner stage is described as 'not quite adult' with continued enlargement of the penis and increased pigmentation of the scrotum?
Tanner 4
What is the most common cause of acromegaly?
Pituitary adenoma
Which of the following is NOT a sign of Tanner stage 2 in males?
Enlargement of the penis
What is the effect of growth hormone excess in acromegaly?
Slow skeletal growth and soft tissue enlargement
'Growth and Nutrition G1—Tanner 1' refers to which aspect of puberty?
Enlargement of testes and scrotum
'Growth hormone excess leads to slow skeletal growth and soft tissue enlargement.' Which disease does this statement primarily refer to?
Acromegaly
Learn about the normal age range for puberty in males and females, signs of premature pubarche, and how puberty blockers such as Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH analogs) work. Explore the concept of delayed puberty and the importance of further evaluation in such cases.
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