Podcast
Questions and Answers
In the context of organizational behavior, which statement most accurately captures the nuanced relationship between power, perception, and dependence?
In the context of organizational behavior, which statement most accurately captures the nuanced relationship between power, perception, and dependence?
- Power is solely an objective attribute, unaffected by perception, and creates dependence irrespective of individual interpretation, operating mechanistically.
- Power is a subjective assessment contingent on the perceiver's evaluation, fostering dependence only when perceived as strategically advantageous by the influenced entity.
- Power is a latent capacity actualized through perception, where the extent of dependence is mediated by contextual variables and the target's assessment of substitutability and criticality. (correct)
- Power, perception, and dependence exhibit unidirectional causality: power intrinsically shapes perception, which, in turn, dictates the degree of dependence within the organizational structure.
Considering the multifaceted sources of power, how does 'Discretion' as a contingency of power, uniquely contribute to an individual's or entity's capacity to exert influence?
Considering the multifaceted sources of power, how does 'Discretion' as a contingency of power, uniquely contribute to an individual's or entity's capacity to exert influence?
- Discretion diminishes the need for visibility, thus enabling covert influence through behind-the-scenes maneuvering.
- Discretion strengthens influence through strict adherence to established protocols, thereby reinforcing legitimacy and predictability.
- Discretion centralizes decision-making authority, which is streamlining power and enhancing accountability across hierarchical scales.
- Discretion increases influence by providing the freedom to autonomously judge situations and respond creatively; this is unbound by standardized directives. (correct)
Which intricate dynamic exemplifies the interrelation between expert power and managing uncertainties within a volatile business ecology?
Which intricate dynamic exemplifies the interrelation between expert power and managing uncertainties within a volatile business ecology?
- Expert power serves primarily to reinforce hierarchies and standardize operational protocols: this insulates entities from exogenous uncertainties.
- Expert power derives potency from the perceived ability to forecast and mitigate adversities; this transforms ambiguity into strategic leverage. (correct)
- Expert power is augmented in stable environments where predictable patterns allow for optimized resource allocation and minimal disruption.
- Expert power's utility is inversely proportional to environmental instability, as dynamic conditions render specialized knowledge obsolete.
Examining the implications of "social capital", under what conditions does social capital most effectively translate into tangible power for an individual or organization?
Examining the implications of "social capital", under what conditions does social capital most effectively translate into tangible power for an individual or organization?
In a scenario where a manager employs 'silent authority' as an influence tactic, what contextual conditions or subordinate characteristics would likely maximize its effectiveness while minimizing potential resistance?
In a scenario where a manager employs 'silent authority' as an influence tactic, what contextual conditions or subordinate characteristics would likely maximize its effectiveness while minimizing potential resistance?
Considering the ethical dimensions, under what conditions does the application of 'assertiveness' as an influence tactic transition from legitimate leadership to manipulative coercion?
Considering the ethical dimensions, under what conditions does the application of 'assertiveness' as an influence tactic transition from legitimate leadership to manipulative coercion?
Within the realm of organizational influence tactics, under which circumstances would 'information control' be considered ethically justifiable versus an act of organizational manipulation?
Within the realm of organizational influence tactics, under which circumstances would 'information control' be considered ethically justifiable versus an act of organizational manipulation?
In the dynamics of 'coalition formation' as an influence tactic within organizations, which structural and cultural characteristics most strongly predict the long-term stability and effectiveness of such alliances?
In the dynamics of 'coalition formation' as an influence tactic within organizations, which structural and cultural characteristics most strongly predict the long-term stability and effectiveness of such alliances?
Concerning the influence tactic of 'upward appeal', what distinguishes a legitimate, strategically sound appeal from a manipulative act of evading responsibility or transferring blame?
Concerning the influence tactic of 'upward appeal', what distinguishes a legitimate, strategically sound appeal from a manipulative act of evading responsibility or transferring blame?
In evaluating the effectiveness of 'persuasion' as an influence tactic, what combination of audience characteristics, message content, and contextual factors would result in the most durable attitudinal change?
In evaluating the effectiveness of 'persuasion' as an influence tactic, what combination of audience characteristics, message content, and contextual factors would result in the most durable attitudinal change?
When is 'impression management' most likely to yield genuine career advancement versus creating a superficial perception that ultimately undermines long-term professional credibility?
When is 'impression management' most likely to yield genuine career advancement versus creating a superficial perception that ultimately undermines long-term professional credibility?
Under which circumstances does 'exchange' as an influence tactic, particularly promising benefits or resources for compliance, risk undermining organizational integrity and fostering a culture of quid pro quo?
Under which circumstances does 'exchange' as an influence tactic, particularly promising benefits or resources for compliance, risk undermining organizational integrity and fostering a culture of quid pro quo?
Organizational politics is typically defined as influence tactics for personal gain. How is this different from beneficial, and ethical, influence?
Organizational politics is typically defined as influence tactics for personal gain. How is this different from beneficial, and ethical, influence?
What are the key differences that fundamentally distinguish legitimate power from coercive power and how do these differences impact employee engagement?
What are the key differences that fundamentally distinguish legitimate power from coercive power and how do these differences impact employee engagement?
In the context of organizational power dynamics, how does the concept of 'nonsubstitutability' interact with an individual's or department's overall influence within an organization?
In the context of organizational power dynamics, how does the concept of 'nonsubstitutability' interact with an individual's or department's overall influence within an organization?
How do an individual's political skills modify the relationship between their use of impression management and their long-term career success?
How do an individual's political skills modify the relationship between their use of impression management and their long-term career success?
What is the most significant difference between supervisors that engage in ingratiation and impression management compared to supervisors that do not?
What is the most significant difference between supervisors that engage in ingratiation and impression management compared to supervisors that do not?
When selling vacuum cleaners, Bill always explains to customers that the product he sells is more expensive than other brands but does a better job. This is an example of the persuasion tactic known as what?
When selling vacuum cleaners, Bill always explains to customers that the product he sells is more expensive than other brands but does a better job. This is an example of the persuasion tactic known as what?
How do feelings of power impact ones perceptions?
How do feelings of power impact ones perceptions?
Power exists when others believe who has it?
Power exists when others believe who has it?
Flashcards
What is Power?
What is Power?
The capability of a person, team, or organization to influence others.
Legitimate Power
Legitimate Power
Power derived from having a specific role allowing one to request certain behaviors from others.
Reward Power
Reward Power
Power from the ability to control the allocation of valued rewards to others.
Coercive Power
Coercive Power
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Expert Power
Expert Power
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Referent Power
Referent Power
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Nonsubstitutability
Nonsubstitutability
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Centrality (Power)
Centrality (Power)
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Visibility (Power)
Visibility (Power)
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Discretion (Power)
Discretion (Power)
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Social Capital
Social Capital
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Silent Authority
Silent Authority
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Assertiveness (influence)
Assertiveness (influence)
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Information Control
Information Control
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Coalition Formation
Coalition Formation
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Upward Appeal
Upward Appeal
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Persuasion (influence)
Persuasion (influence)
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Impression Management
Impression Management
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Exchange (influence)
Exchange (influence)
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Organizational Politics
Organizational Politics
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Study Notes
Power Defined
- Power is the capability of an individual, team, or organization to influence others
Aspects of Power
- Potential
- Perception
- Dependence
Sources of Power
- Power stems from both formal positions/informal roles and personal characteristics
Formal Position/Informal Role Sources
- Legitimate: The ability to request certain behaviors from others based on one's role
- Reward: The capacity to control the distribution of valued rewards to others
- Coercive: The ability to apply punishment
Power from Personal Characteristics
- Expert: The perceived ability to manage uncertainties in the business environment
- Referent: When others identify with, like, or respect an individual
Contingencies of Power
- Nonsubstitutability
- Centrality
- Visibility
- Discretion
Social Capital
- Encompasses knowledge, opportunities, and resources available through social networks
- It's facilitated by mutual support, trust, reciprocity, and coordination
Influence Tactics
- These tactics are integrated into the social structure of organizations.
- Silent Authority: Influencing behavior via legitimate power, without explicit reference
- Assertiveness: Active use of legitimate/coercive power through pressure or threats
- Information Control: Manipulating access to information to alter attitudes/behaviors
- Coalition Formation: Forming a group to influence others by pooling resources/power
- Upward Appeal: Symbolically appealing to higher authority/expertise
- Persuasion: Using logic, facts, and emotions to highlight the value of a request
- Impression Management: Shaping perceptions/attitudes, including ingratiation to be liked
- Exchange: Promising benefits/resources for compliance
Organizational Politics
- The use of influence tactics for personal gain at the expense of others and the organization
Key Points on Power
- Power exists when others believe you have it
- It can change someone's attitude
- People who feel powerful have less accurate perceptions
- Using logical arguments, factual evidence, and emotional appeals to convince people of the value of a request.
- Ingratiation and impression management by supervisors can cause them to lose staff respect
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