Understanding Personality and the Big Five Model

Personality

• Personality is a relatively stable set of characteristics, tendencies, and temperaments formed by heredity and social, cultural, and environmental factors.
• Personality determines how individuals interact with and react to various people and situations.
• Personality traits are enduring and describe an individual's attitude and behavior, such as agreeableness, aggression, dominance, and shyness.
• Personality traits tend to be stable over time, leading to consistent behavior across situations.

"Big Five" Model

• Extroversion indicates how social, outgoing, shy, or assertive someone is, extremes can be dysfunctional, with outgoing people perceived as overbearing and reserved people lacking social skills.
• Agreeableness measures how friendly, cooperative, flexible, trusting, good-natured, or tolerant a person is; those who are too agreeable may be taken advantage of.
• Emotional stability reflects how consistently someone reacts to events, whether they're impulsive or objective.
• Those who are emotionally stable are generally calm, stable, have a positive attitude, manage their anger, are secure, happy, and objective.
• Conscientiousness indicates how dependable, careful, organized, and hardworking someone is, those who are not conscientious may be viewed as inattentive, uncaring, disrespectful, unmotivated, disorganized, and lazy.
• Openness to experience indicates how interested someone is in broadening their horizons, intellectual, broad-minded, curious, imaginative and cultured.

Self-Monitoring of Personality

• Self-monitoring involves adjusting behavior to fit social situations.
• The concept of monitoring helps individuals understand their positive qualities as well as areas for change by assessing behaviors and attitudes.
• High self-monitors adapt to external cues, whereas low self-monitors display consistent behavior.

Self-Concept

• Self-concept is the image we have of ourselves, influenced by interactions with important people and our perceptions of behaviors, abilities, and unique characteristics.
• Examples of self-concept include viewing personality traits (extrovert or introvert), roles in life (parent, sibling, friend, partner), hobbies, passions such as being a sports enthusiast or belonging to a political party, and interactions with the world and contribution to society.
• Self-perception affects motivations, attitudes, behaviors, as well as sense of competence and self-worth.
• Self-concept is more malleable when younger.
• As people age, self-perceptions become detailed and organized.

Changes to Self-Concept

• Self-concept is not static and can change based on environment, the places that hold meaning, and interactions with others, i.e leadership figures.
• Interactions can impact the collective self (social groups) and relational self (relationships).
• Self-concept develops through interactions (family/friends) and the stories we hear for example, through social media.

Tactics to Improve Self-Esteem

• Make a list of things you admire about yourself
• Stop being a people pleaser
• Step outside of your comfort zone
• Stop comparing yourself to others
• Forgive yourself for your past thoughts
• Set boundaries in your relationships
• Celebrate your wins
• Abandon negative people

Values

• Values are fundamental attitudes that guide mental processes and behavior. It helps produce meaningful belief and provide a consistent measure for one's actions.
• Values clarification involves identifying personal value systems and creating a hierarchy to improve one's quality of life.
• Values are formed through family, educational system, workplace, community, and culture/society.

Augustinian Core Values: Unitas (Unity)

• For Saint Augustine, Unitas includes harmony between God and man and man and neighbor.
• It refers to the relationship between body and soul, between the individual and nature, and among all existing things.
• This value embraces dimensions of interpersonal relationships across an institution, with related values for a Augustinian Nurse that include:
  • Unity in diversity
  • Unity in love
  • Care for the common good
  • Oneness in goal
  • Co-responsibility
  • Collaboration
  • Mutual help
  • Communication
  • Good leadership
  • Fraternal correction

Augustinian Core Values: Veritas (Truth)

• The entire life of Saint Augustine was a constant search for truth.
• Possession of truth is necessary for happiness.
• Truths are participations in Truth.
• Veritas values for an aspiring Augustinian Nurse include:
  • Dedication to research
  • Inquisitiveness or healthy curiosity
  • Academic freedom
  • Pursuit of excellence
  • Sharing of knowledge
  • Sincerity or intellectual honesty and humility
  • Objectivity
  • Willingness to improve
  • Critical discernment
  • Orientation towards God or pursuit of wisdom

Augustinian Core Values: Caritas (Charity or Love)

• Saint Augustine said the four objects of love are God, ourselves, our neighbors, and our body.
• Love moves and motivates all action and is the principal force of history.
• Caritas values for an aspiring Augustinian Nurse include:
  • Love of God and neighbor
  • Prayerfulness
  • Friendship
  • Honest concern for others
  • Mutual support
  • Sympathy
  • Trust
  • Patience
  • Interpersonal tact
  • Forgiveness

Autobiography Writing Activity

• The activity will be 4 paragraphs and contain;
• A cover page, title of the paper, name and section, date, and a profile picture.
• Overview of early life including birthplace, date of birth, family background, childhood, schools, colleges, and early young adult experiences.
• Overview of adult life including marriage, children, and personal story.
• Highlights relating to what are your talents, soft skills, accomplishments, and how do you effect people in a good way
• Concludes with self-assessment with regard to personality determinants and reflect on what you have discovered from this activity.
• Instructions include sharing with the class for 85% of the grade.
• The format includes paper (letter without letterhead and footer), Margin (1 inch all sides), Font (12), Font Style (Arial), Spacing (1.5).
• To submit via Google Drive or printed copy (please ask your professor).
• Late submissions are minus 3 points per day.

Explore the concept of personality as a stable set of characteristics shaped by various factors. Learn how personality influences interactions and reactions, and delve into the 'Big Five' model, examining traits like extroversion, agreeableness, and emotional stability.