Understanding Perplexity and N-gram in NLP
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Questions and Answers

What is the main purpose of Name Entity Recognition (NER)?

  • Identifying verbs and adjectives
  • Identifying specific entities in a text document (correct)
  • Identifying punctuation marks
  • Identifying proper nouns only

How does Masked Language Modelling help learners?

  • By mastering deep representations in downstream tasks (correct)
  • By focusing only on corrupted input
  • By providing direct answers to questions
  • By avoiding the use of language models

What does pragmatic analysis in NLP primarily focus on?

  • Syntax and grammar
  • Outside world knowledge (correct)
  • Internal document structure
  • Historical language usage

In NLP, what does perplexity refer to?

<p>The inability to tackle something complicated (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of entity chunking in Name Entity Recognition?

<p>Segmenting entities into predefined classes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Pragmatic Analysis contribute to understanding language?

<p>By reinterpreting what is described with real-world knowledge (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of NLP, what role does Perplexity play in language models?

<p>Measuring the difficulty of handling uncertain language data (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of language does Pragmatic Analysis focus on?

<p><em>Semantics</em> and real-world knowledge (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

"Chunking" entities in NER involves:

<p><em>Segmenting</em> entities into classes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Perplexity in NLP

  • Perplexity measures the uncertainty in predicting text in NLP
  • It is a way to evaluate language models
  • Low perplexity is desirable, indicating less difficulty in handling complicated problems
  • High perplexity is undesirable, indicating a high failure rate in handling complicated problems

N-gram in NLP

  • An n-gram is a sequence of n words
  • It helps identify sentences that appear more frequently
  • Assigning probability to n-gram occurrences can aid in next-word predictions and spelling error corrections

Differences between AI, Machine Learning, and NLP

  • Not provided in the given text (question without answer)

Self-Attention

  • Self-attention is not a supervised learning technique
  • It is a powerful tool in NLP

LDA (Latent Dirichlet Allocation)

  • LDA is an unsupervised learning model
  • It is used for topic modeling
  • The selection of the number of topics in LDA depends on the size of the data
  • The number of topic terms is not directly proportional to the size of the data

Hyperparameters in LDA

  • Alpha (α) represents the density of topics generated within documents
  • Beta (β) represents the density of terms generated within topics

Issues with ReLu

  • Exploding gradient: solved by gradient clipping
  • Dying ReLu: solved by parametric ReLu
  • Mean and variance of activations are not 0 and 1: partially solved by subtracting around 0.5 from activation

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Description

This quiz covers the concept of perplexity in NLP, which is a measure of uncertainty in predicting text, and explains the significance of high and low perplexity. It also explores the definition of n-gram in NLP as a sequence of n words commonly used in language modeling.

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