Understanding Nutrition: Carbs, Fats, and Proteins
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Questions and Answers

What is nutrition?

The process by which your body takes in and uses food

What are nutrients?

Substances in food that your body needs to grow, to repair itself, and to supply you with energy

What are carbohydrates broken down into to provide energy?

Glucose

What are simple carbohydrates also known as?

<p>Sugars</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are examples of complex carbohydrates?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is fiber?

<p>A tough complex carbohydrate that the body cannot digest</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are fats?

<p>Nutrients that promote normal growth, give you energy, and keep your skin healthy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe saturated fats.

<p>Fats that are solid at room temperature, such as the fat in meats, poultry skin, and foods made from whole milk. They increase blood cholesterol levels and the risk of heart disease.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are proteins?

<p>Nutrients the body uses to build and maintain its cells and tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are complete proteins?

<p>Proteins containing all the essential amino acids; found only in soy and animal foods (meats and dairy products)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe water soluble vitamins.

<p>Dissolved in water and cannot be stored</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are minerals?

<p>Elements found in food that are used by the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are calories?

<p>A unit used to measure the amount of energy contained in foods</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a supplement?

<p>Something added to make up for something missing</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does digestion begin?

<p>Mouth</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the esophagus?

<p>A muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the stomach?

<p>A muscular and elastic sac that serves mainly to store food, break it up mechanically, and begin chemical digestion of proteins and fat.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the small intestine?

<p>Digestive organ where most chemical digestion and absorption of food takes place</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the large intestine?

<p>The last section of the digestive system, where water is absorbed from food and the remaining material is eliminated from the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the functions of the liver.

<p>Responsible for: The metabolism of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Nutrition

The process by which the body takes in and uses food for growth and energy.

Nutrients

Substances in food needed for growth, repair, and energy.

Carbohydrates

Nutrients broken down into glucose to provide energy.

Simple Carbohydrates

Easily digested sugars that provide quick energy.

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Complex Carbohydrates

Starches found in grains, potatoes, and vegetables that provide sustained energy.

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Fiber

A complex carbohydrate that the body cannot digest, aiding in digestive health.

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Fats

Nutrients that provide energy, promote growth, and maintain healthy skin.

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Saturated Fats

Fats solid at room temperature that can raise cholesterol levels.

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Unsaturated Fats

Fats liquid at room temperature, found in vegetable oils, nuts, and seeds.

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Proteins

Nutrients used to build and maintain cells and tissues.

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Complete Proteins

Proteins that contain all essential amino acids, found in soy and animal products.

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Incomplete Proteins

Proteins lacking one or more essential amino acids, found in plant sources.

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Vitamins

Compounds that regulate many body processes.

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Water Soluble Vitamins

Vitamins that dissolve in water and cannot be stored in the body.

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Minerals

Elements found in food used by the body for various functions.

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Calories

Units used to measure energy in food.

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Malnutrition

Lack of proper nutrition due to insufficient or unbalanced food intake.

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Supplement

Something added to the diet to make up for a deficiency.

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Digestion

The process of breaking down food into simpler forms.

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Absorption

Process by which nutrient molecules pass into the bloodstream.

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Mouth

The start of the digestive process.

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Esophagus

Muscular tube connecting the mouth to the stomach.

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Stomach

Organ that stores food and begins protein digestion.

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Small Intestine

Organ where most chemical digestion and nutrient absorption occurs.

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Large Intestine

Organ where water is absorbed and waste is compacted.

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Liver Functions

Metabolism of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates.

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Study Notes

  • Nutrition is the process where the body intakes and utilizes food.
  • Nutrients are substances in food necessary for growth, repair, and energy.

Carbohydrates

  • Carbohydrates break down into glucose, providing energy.
  • Simple carbohydrates (sugars) such as glucose and glycogen, are easily broken down and used for energy.
  • Complex carbohydrates are starches found in grains, potatoes, and vegetables.
  • Fiber is a complex carbohydrate that the body cannot digest.

Fats

  • Fats are nutrients that support growth, provide energy, and maintain healthy skin.
  • Saturated fats, solid at room temperature (e.g., in meats and whole milk products), raise blood cholesterol and heart disease risk.
  • Unsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature and found in vegetable oils, nuts, and seeds.

Proteins

  • Proteins are nutrients used to build and maintain cells and tissues.
  • Complete proteins contain all essential amino acids and exist in soy and animal foods.
  • Incomplete proteins lack one or more essential amino acids and are found in plant sources like nuts and legumes.

Vitamins and Minerals

  • Vitamins are compounds that regulate bodily processes.
  • Water-soluble vitamins dissolve in water and cannot be stored.
  • Minerals are elements found in food and used by the body.

Measuring Energy

  • Calories measure the amount of energy in foods.
  • Malnutrition means a lack of proper nutrition.
  • A supplement is something added to compensate for deficiencies.

Digestion and Absorption

  • Digestion is the breakdown of food into simpler, absorbable forms.
  • Absorption is the process of nutrient molecules passing into the blood through the digestive system's wall.

Digestive System

  • Digestion starts in the mouth.
  • The esophagus is a muscular tube connecting the mouth to the stomach.
  • The stomach is an elastic sac that stores food, mechanically breaks it down, and starts chemical digestion of proteins and fats.
  • The small intestine is where most chemical digestion and absorption occur.
  • The large intestine absorbs water from food, and eliminates remaining material.
  • The liver metabolizes fats, proteins, and carbohydrates.

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Description

Explore the essentials of nutrition, including the roles of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins in the body. Learn about simple and complex carbs, saturated and unsaturated fats, and complete and incomplete proteins. Understand how these nutrients fuel growth, energy, and overall health.

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