Understanding Motion: Uniform, Non-Uniform, Circular
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Questions and Answers

What does the slope of a distance-time graph represent?

  • Time
  • Acceleration
  • Speed (correct)
  • Displacement

A velocity-time graph for an object moving at uniform velocity is a straight line parallel to the y-axis.

False (B)

What type of motion is represented when an object's distance-time graph is a curve?

non-uniform motion or accelerated motion

When an object travels equal distances in equal intervals of time, it moves with _______ speed.

<p>uniform</p> Signup and view all the answers

A car's distance over several time intervals is recorded. Which of the following indicates non-uniform speed?

<p>Unequal distances covered in equal intervals of time. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the graph type with the information it provides about an object's motion:

<p>Distance-time graph = Shows how an object's distance changes over time, indicating speed. Velocity-time graph = Shows how an object's velocity changes over time, indicating acceleration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Using the formula $v = \frac{s_2 - s_1}{t_2 - t_1}$, what do $s_1$ and $s_2$ represent?

<p>Initial and final distances, respectively. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

On a velocity-time graph, the object moves at uniform velocity when the height of its velocity-time graph will not change with _______.

<p>time</p> Signup and view all the answers

When describing the position of an object, what is the significance of the 'origin'?

<p>It is a reference point from which the object's position is measured. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The magnitude of displacement for a moving object is always equal to the total path length covered by the object.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of motion is described as the 'simplest' in the provided content?

<p>Motion along a straight line</p> Signup and view all the answers

To describe the position of an object, we need to specify a reference point called the ______.

<p>origin</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the example provided, if an object moves from point O to A (60 km) and then back to point C (25 km from O), what is the object's displacement?

<p>$35 \text{ km}$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios would result in a zero displacement but a non-zero distance covered?

<p>An object moving from point A to point B and then returning to point A. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their corresponding descriptions:

<p>Distance = The total path length covered by an object. Displacement = The shortest distance between the initial and final positions of an object. Origin = The reference point used to describe the position of an object.</p> Signup and view all the answers

An object travels from point X to point Y, a distance of 40 km, and then continues from point Y to point Z, a distance of 30 km. If the displacement of the object is 50 km, what can be inferred about the path taken by the object?

<p>The object changed direction at point Y. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a distance-time graph representing uniform motion, what shape does the graph typically exhibit?

<p>A straight line (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A steeper slope on a distance-time graph indicates a lower speed.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can the speed of an object be determined from a distance-time graph?

<p>by calculating the slope of the graph</p> Signup and view all the answers

On a distance-time graph, the x-axis represents ______ while the y-axis represents distance.

<p>time</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a horizontal line on a distance-time graph indicate?

<p>The object is at rest (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the area under a velocity-time graph represent?

<p>Distance traveled by the object. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Consider a distance-time graph. If at time $t_1$ the distance is $s_1$ and at time $t_2$ the distance is $s_2$, which of the following expressions represents the average speed during the time interval?

<p>$(s_2 - s_1) / (t_2 - t_1)$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Distance-time graphs can only represent motion in one direction.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For uniformly accelerated motion, the velocity-time graph will always be a straight line.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the scenarios with the correct descriptions on the distance-time graph:

<p>Object at rest = Horizontal line Uniform motion = Straight line with constant slope Non-uniform motion = Curved line</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Figure 7.6, if the car moves with uniform velocity, which area represents the distance traveled?

<p>Area ABCD</p> Signup and view all the answers

For a car moving with uniform velocity, the distance traveled is found by calculating the area under the velocity-time graph, which forms a ______.

<p>rectangle</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the type of motion with the shape of the area under the velocity-time graph used to find distance:

<p>Uniform Velocity = Rectangle Uniformly Accelerated Motion = Rectangle and Triangle Non-Uniformly Accelerated Motion = Irregular Shape</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of train travel between two stations, what assumption is made when plotting a distance-time graph?

<p>The train's motion is uniform. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In non-uniformly accelerated motion, the velocity-time graph can only be a curve.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a car's velocity is decreasing with time, what does this indicate about its motion?

<p>Deceleration</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to a stone's motion immediately after it is released from a circular path, assuming it was being swung at a constant speed?

<p>It continues to move in the same direction it had at the instant of release. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During uniform circular motion, the direction of the moving object remains constant.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In sports, how does an athlete apply the concept of circular motion when throwing a hammer or discus to maximize the throwing distance?

<p>By rotating their body to impart circular motion to the hammer or discus before releasing it at the desired angle, allowing it to move in the direction of motion at the time of release.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The motion of the Earth around the sun is an example of ______ circular motion.

<p>uniform</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following scenarios with the type of motion they exemplify:

<p>A car maintaining a steady speed of 60 mph on a straight highway = Uniform motion A ball dropped from a height, accelerating due to gravity = Non-uniform motion A satellite orbiting Earth at a constant altitude and speed = Uniform circular motion A bicycle slowing down to stop at a traffic light = Non-uniform motion</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an example of uniform circular motion?

<p>A ball rolling in a straight line at a constant speed on a flat surface. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The speed of an object in uniform motion must increase over time.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the key difference between uniform and nonuniform motion with an example for each.

<p>Uniform motion involves constant velocity (both speed and direction), such as a car driving on a straight road at a constant speed. Nonuniform motion involves changing velocity, such as a car accelerating from a stop.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between speed and velocity?

<p>Speed is the distance covered per unit time, while velocity is the displacement per unit time. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If an object is moving with uniform acceleration, its velocity remains constant throughout its motion.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An object moves in a circular path at a constant speed. What type of motion is this?

<p>uniform circular motion</p> Signup and view all the answers

The equation $s = ut + \frac{1}{2} a t^2$ describes the distance travelled by an object moving with uniform ______.

<p>acceleration</p> Signup and view all the answers

A car accelerates uniformly from rest at $2 m/s^2$ for 5 seconds. What is its final velocity?

<p>$10 m/s$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A train starts from rest and accelerates uniformly at a rate of $5 m/s^2$ for 10 seconds. How far will it travel in this time?

<p>250 meters (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A car traveling at $20 m/s$ decelerates uniformly at $4 m/s^2$. What distance does it cover before coming to a stop?

<p>50 meters (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Given the equation $2as = v^2 - u^2$, what does 'a' represent?

<p>acceleration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Reference Point (Origin)

A point used for comparison when describing an object's position. It is where you start measuring from.

Motion Along a Straight Line

The simplest kind of movement, following a direct line.

Distance

The actual length of the path traveled by an object, regardless of direction.

Displacement

The shortest distance from the initial to the final position of an object, with direction.

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Distance vs. Displacement

Distance is the total path, while displacement is the straight-line change.

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Sign of Distance vs. Displacement

Distance is always positive; displacement can be positive, negative, or zero.

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Zero Displacement

Displacement can be zero if you end where you started, but distance will not be zero.

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Distance and Displacement Use

Used to describe how far something has moved and where it is at a given point in time.

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Graphs in Motion Analysis

Graphs offer a visual way to present information about events, like showing a team's run rate in cricket.

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Line Graphs in Motion

Line graphs depict how one physical quantity (like distance or velocity) changes with respect to another (like time).

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Distance-Time Graph

A graph showing how an object's position changes over time.

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X-axis on Distance-Time Graph

In a distance-time graph, time is plotted on the x-axis (horizontal).

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Distance-Time Graph and Uniform Speed

In uniform speed, the distance travelled is directly proportional to the time taken which can be represented as a straight line.

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Straight Line on a Distance-Time Graph

A graph indicating that equal distances are covered in equal intervals of time.

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Vertical Distance (BC) on graph

On a distance-time graph, the vertical distance BC represents the distance (s2 – s1) covered during the time interval.

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Horizontal Distance (AC) on graph

On a distance-time graph, the horizontal distance AC represents the time interval (t2 – t1) during which the object moved.

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Calculating Speed from Graph

Speed is equal to the change in distance divided by the change in time.

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Uniform Speed

Equal distances covered in equal intervals of time.

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Uniform Velocity on Graph

The height of the velocity-time graph remains constant.

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Velocity-Time Graph

A graph plotting velocity on the y-axis and time on the x-axis.

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Non-Uniform Speed

The object covers different distances in equal intervals of time.

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Object at Rest

The object does not move and its position remains constant over time.

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Accelerated Motion

The object's speed changes over time.

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Uniform Circular Motion

Motion in a circular path with constant speed.

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Tangent Direction

The direction an object moves at the instant it's released from circular motion.

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Motion

Change of an object's location.

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Uniform Motion

Motion with constant velocity.

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Non-Uniform Motion

Motion with changing velocity.

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Velocity

Rate of change of displacement.

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Velocity-Time Graph Area

Area under velocity-time graph represents magnitude of displacement over time.

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Distance (Uniform Velocity)

For uniform velocity, distance is area (rectangle) under the velocity-time graph.

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Distance (Accelerated Motion)

For accelerated motion, total distance is the area (rectangle + triangle) under velocity-time graph.

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Non-Uniformly Accelerated Motion

Motion where velocity changes at varying rates i.e not constant acceleration.

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Uniform Motion (Distance-Time Graph)

A straight, diagonal line on a distance-time graph indicates uniform motion.

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Non-Uniform Motion (Distance-Time Graph)

A curved line on a distance-time graph represents non-uniform motion.

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Speed Calculation (Distance-Time Graph)

Calculating speed from distance-time graph uses slope (rise over the run).

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Speed

Distance covered per unit time.

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Acceleration

Change in velocity per unit time.

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Equation of Motion #1

v = u + at (final velocity = initial velocity + (acceleration * time)).

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Equation of Motion #2

s = ut + ½ at² (displacement = (initial velocity * time) + ½ (acceleration * time²)).

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Equation of Motion #3

2as = v² - u² (2 * acceleration * displacement = final velocity² - initial velocity²).

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Study Notes

  • Motion is a change in position, describable via distance moved or displacement
  • Motion can be uniform or non-uniform, depending on constant/changing velocity
  • Speed: distance covered per unit of time
  • Velocity: displacement per unit of time
  • Acceleration: change in velocity per unit of time

Graphs for motion

  • Graphs can represent uniform/non-uniform motion
  • Uniformly accelerated motion uses these equations:
    • v = u + at
    • s = ut + (1/2)at²
    • 2as = v² - u²
    • u = initial velocity
    • v = final velocity
    • a = uniform acceleration
    • t = time
    • s = distance in time t

Uniform Circular Motion

  • Object moves in a circular path at a uniform speed
  • Speed is calculated by v = 2Ï€r/t
    • r = radius
    • t = time

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Description

Explore the concepts of motion, including uniform and non-uniform types. Learn to calculate speed, velocity, and acceleration. Understand uniform circular motion and motion equations.

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