Understanding Metabolism and Energy Production
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Questions and Answers

What is the molecular formula of glucose, fructose, and galactose?

  • C₆H₁₂O₆ (correct)
  • C₅H₁₀O₅
  • C₇H₁₄O₇
  • C₈H₁₆O₈

    • What needs to happen to disaccharides before they can be used by organisms?

  • They need to be mixed with water to break down
  • They need to be cooled to break down
  • They need to be heated to break down
  • They need to be broken down into two monosaccharide units (correct)

    • What is the result when two amino acids are joined together?

  • Dipeptide (correct)
  • Polypeptide
  • Tripeptide
  • Pentapeptide

    • What is the function of actin and myosin proteins in the body?

    <p>Aiding in muscle contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of carbohydrate is made up of many glucose molecules bonded together in a long chain?

    <p>Polysaccharide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many amino acids are the building blocks of proteins?

    <p>20</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the protein hemoglobin in RBC?

    <p>To carry oxygen through the blood stream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of tissue connects a muscle with some other parts of the body?

    <p>Tendon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of enzymes in cells?

    <p>To control chemical reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of antibodies in the body?

    <p>To help fight off the invasion of viruses and bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of lipids that distinguishes them from carbohydrates?

    <p>Less oxygen than in carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main component of the skeleton of vertebrate embryos?

    <p>Cartilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the amount of adenine and thymine in DNA?

    <p>The amount of adenine always equals the amount of thymine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the combination of all chemical changes that occur in an organism?

    <p>Metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the basis of the bonding between the two strands of nucleotides in DNA?

    <p>Hydrogen bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the action of enzymes and proteins on the DNA molecule?

    <p>One strand can unwind from the other, exposing nucleotide bases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of energy for organisms?

    <p>Compounds containing energy-rich chemical bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of carbohydrates in organisms?

    <p>Storage of energy and provision of shape</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the uniform bonding pattern in DNA molecules?

    <p>It is the foundation for the unity and diversity of life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three classes of carbohydrates?

    <p>Sugars, starches, and cellulose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the source of nucleotides that pair with exposed bases during DNA replication?

    <p>Free nucleotides in the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of ATP in the body?

    <p>Chief energy source</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shape formed by the two strands of nucleotides in DNA?

    <p>A double helix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is common to all organic compounds?

    <p>Presence of carbon atoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of each 'old' strand in DNA replication?

    <p>Serving as a structural pattern for the addition of bases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the base-pairing rule that governs DNA replication?

    <p>A-T, C-G, T-A, G-C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key difference between DNA and RNA molecules?

    <p>DNA has a ribose sugar, while RNA has a deoxyribose sugar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of creating an RNA molecule from a DNA template called?

    <p>Transcription</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the base that pairs with adenine in RNA?

    <p>Uracil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of DNA polymerases in DNA repair?

    <p>Excising and fixing altered parts of the base sequence</p> Signup and view all the answers

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