30 Questions
What is the molecular formula of glucose, fructose, and galactose?
C₆H₁₂O₆
What needs to happen to disaccharides before they can be used by organisms?
They need to be broken down into two monosaccharide units
What is the result when two amino acids are joined together?
Dipeptide
What is the function of actin and myosin proteins in the body?
Aiding in muscle contraction
What type of carbohydrate is made up of many glucose molecules bonded together in a long chain?
Polysaccharide
How many amino acids are the building blocks of proteins?
20
What is the primary function of the protein hemoglobin in RBC?
To carry oxygen through the blood stream
What type of tissue connects a muscle with some other parts of the body?
Tendon
What is the function of enzymes in cells?
To control chemical reactions
What is the primary function of antibodies in the body?
To help fight off the invasion of viruses and bacteria
What is the characteristic of lipids that distinguishes them from carbohydrates?
Less oxygen than in carbohydrates
What is the main component of the skeleton of vertebrate embryos?
Cartilage
What is the relationship between the amount of adenine and thymine in DNA?
The amount of adenine always equals the amount of thymine
What is the term for the combination of all chemical changes that occur in an organism?
Metabolism
What is the basis of the bonding between the two strands of nucleotides in DNA?
Hydrogen bonds
What is the result of the action of enzymes and proteins on the DNA molecule?
One strand can unwind from the other, exposing nucleotide bases
What is the primary source of energy for organisms?
Compounds containing energy-rich chemical bonds
What is the role of carbohydrates in organisms?
Storage of energy and provision of shape
What is the significance of the uniform bonding pattern in DNA molecules?
It is the foundation for the unity and diversity of life
What are the three classes of carbohydrates?
Sugars, starches, and cellulose
What is the source of nucleotides that pair with exposed bases during DNA replication?
Free nucleotides in the cell
What is the function of ATP in the body?
Chief energy source
What is the shape formed by the two strands of nucleotides in DNA?
A double helix
What is common to all organic compounds?
Presence of carbon atoms
What is the primary role of each 'old' strand in DNA replication?
Serving as a structural pattern for the addition of bases
What is the base-pairing rule that governs DNA replication?
A-T, C-G, T-A, G-C
What is the key difference between DNA and RNA molecules?
DNA has a ribose sugar, while RNA has a deoxyribose sugar
What is the process of creating an RNA molecule from a DNA template called?
Transcription
What is the base that pairs with adenine in RNA?
Uracil
What is the primary function of DNA polymerases in DNA repair?
Excising and fixing altered parts of the base sequence
Learn about the chemical changes that occur in an organism's body, including the breakdown of sugars and starches to release energy. Discover how plants and other organisms use sunlight to create energy-rich compounds. Test your knowledge of metabolism and energy production!
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
