Understanding Liver Disorders and Complications Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the definition of portal hypertension?

  • Elevation of portal venous pressure to at least 15 mmHg
  • Elevation of portal venous pressure to at least 5 mmHg
  • Elevation of portal venous pressure to at least 10 mmHg (correct)
  • Elevation of portal venous pressure to at least 20 mmHg

    • What are varices in the context of liver disease?

  • Enlarged liver lobes
  • Blocked bile ducts
  • Enlarged hepatic artery
  • Distended, tortuous, collateral veins associated with portal hypertension (correct)

    • What causes splenomegaly in the context of liver disease?

  • Decreased splenic vein pressure
  • Increased hepatic vein pressure
  • Increased splenic vein pressure caused by portal hypertension (correct)
  • Decreased hepatic vein pressure

    • What is hepatopulmonary syndrome associated with?

    <p>Portal hypertension and severe liver disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of ascites?

    <p>Accumulation and sequestration of fluid in the peritoneal cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes hepatic encephalopathy?

    <p>Impaired cerebral function caused by blood-borne toxins not metabolized by the liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most serious complication of liver disease according to the text?

    <p>Portal hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cause of splenomegaly in the context of liver disease?

    <p>Increased splenic vein pressure caused by portal hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between portal hypertension and varices?

    <p>Varices are associated with portal hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of increased resistance to venous flow in the portal vein and its tributaries?

    <p>Portal hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cause of splenomegaly in the context of liver disease?

    <p>Increased splenic vein pressure caused by portal hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of hepatopulmonary syndrome?

    <p>Pulmonary hypertension related to the release of vasodilators affecting pulmonary arterioles associated with portal hypertension and severe liver disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chief clinical manifestation of hepatorenal syndrome?

    <p>Oliguria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes hemolytic jaundice?

    <p>Destruction of red blood cells exceeding the liver's capacity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mode of transmission for HAV and HEV?

    <p>Fecal-oral route</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the irreversible inflammatory disease of the liver that causes disorganization of lobular structure, fibrosis, and nodular regeneration?

    <p>Cirrhosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of bile aggregation of cholesterol crystals or precipitates of unconjugated bilirubin?

    <p>Cholelithiasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mode of transmission for HAV, HBV, HCV, HDV, and HEV?

    <p>Parenteral and sexual transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mode of transmission for HAV?

    <p>Fecal-oral route</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the manifestation of the prodromal phase (stage 1) of viral hepatitis?

    <p>Fever, malaise, anorexia, and liver enlargement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the manifestation of the icteric phase (stage 2) of viral hepatitis?

    <p>Jaundice and hyperbilirubinemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can chronic active hepatitis predispose to?

    <p>Cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of bile duct obstruction outside the liver with increased pressure in the hepatic bile ducts?

    <p>Secondary biliary cirrhosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the manifestation of the recovery phase (stage 3) of viral hepatitis?

    <p>Resolution of symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

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