20 Questions
What does extinction refer to in the context of learning?
The process by which conditioned responses are lost
According to Thorndike's S-R theory, what does the Law of Effect state?
Acts are repeated in similar situations if followed by a satisfying change in the environment
What is the focus of B.F. Skinner's operant conditioning theory?
The relation between behavior and its consequences
According to Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory, what is observational learning influenced by?
Models
What does Bruner's Cognitive Learning Theory emphasize?
The construction of new ideas based on current/past knowledge
How does Ornstein (1990) define learning?
A reflective process where the learner develops new insights or restructures mental processes
According to Calderon (1998), what is learning?
The acquisition of new and more knowledge, skills, and attitudes through maturation
What is Pavlov's Classical Conditioning Theory primarily about?
The neutral stimulus causing a conditioned response
What does stimulus generalization refer to in Classical Conditioning?
The conditioned response transferring to similar stimuli
What is discrimination in the context of Classical Conditioning?
Learning not to respond to similar stimuli in an identical manner
According to Thorndike's S-R theory, what does the Law of Effect state?
Acts followed by satisfying changes are more likely to be repeated
In B.F. Skinner's Operant Conditioning Theory, what are negative reinforcers?
Escapes from unpleasant situations
What is the primary focus of Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory?
Learning from a model rather than consequences
According to cognitive theories of learning, what is the main emphasis?
How information is processed
What is the main idea behind Bruner's Cognitive Learning Theory?
Active construction of new ideas based on past knowledge
According to Lardizabal (1991), what does learning enable the individual to do?
Meet specific aims and fulfill needs
In the context of Classical Conditioning, what does stimulus generalization refer to?
The transfer of the conditioned response to other stimuli that are similar to the original conditioned stimulus
How does Ornstein (1990) define learning?
A reflective process whereby the learner either develops new insights and understanding or restructures his or her mental processes
What is the focus of Calderon's (1998) definition of learning?
Making better and more adequate reactions, responses, and adjustments to new situations
What is Pavlov's Classical Conditioning Theory primarily about?
The association between a neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus
This quiz focuses on understanding the nature of learning and knowledge acquisition as defined by various scholars such as Ornstein, Lardizabal, and Slavin. It explores the reflective process of learning, development of new insights, restructuring of mental processes, and the integrated, ongoing nature of learning.
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