Understanding Latitude and Longitude

What is the reference point for measuring latitude and longitude?

The intersection of the prime meridian and the equator

What is the designation for an angular position below the equator?

South

How many minutes are in one degree?

60

What is the correct identification for point P in the illustration?

40 degrees north latitude and 60 degrees west longitude Signup and view all the answers

How many seconds are in one minute?

60 Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of Brisbane in terms of latitude and longitude?

27 degrees, 28 minutes, 14 seconds south latitude, and 153 degrees, 2 minutes, 45 seconds east longitude Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the partially transparent mirror in a laser gyro?

To direct beams to the photocell detectors Signup and view all the answers

How many laser gyros are used in an Inertial Reference Unit (IRS)?

Three Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the mode selector unit in an Inertial Reference Unit (IRS)?

To provide user interfacing Signup and view all the answers

What is the frequency change of the laser beam caused by the Earth's rotation rate of 15 degrees per hour?

4 Hz Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using an Inertial Reference Unit (IRS) in an aircraft?

Reduced equipment usage Signup and view all the answers

How are the three accelerometers in an Inertial Reference Unit (IRS) aligned with respect to each other?

Perpendicular Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method used by pilots to navigate in the simplest form of air navigation?

Observing the relative position of landmarks Signup and view all the answers

What is the main disadvantage of pilotage in air navigation?

Poor visibility can prevent pilots from seeing landmarks Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the method of navigation that determines an aircraft's position by using its speed, time underway, and direction?

Dead reckoning Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential problem associated with dead reckoning in air navigation?

Incorrectly recorded wind velocity and direction Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of aeronautical charts in air navigation?

To compare sightings with symbols for navigation Signup and view all the answers

Why did the invention of the compass form the basis of navigation?

It enabled mariners to begin reckoning their approximate position Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the self-monitoring circuits in the VOR receiver?

To validate the signals received and the accuracy of the bearing information sent to the indicator Signup and view all the answers

How many complete VOR systems are commonly found on most commercial aircraft?

Two Signup and view all the answers

What is the frequency range for selecting navigation frequencies in the VOR system?

108 to 118 MHz Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the control unit in the VOR system?

To provide off to on control and frequency selection for the VOR system operation Signup and view all the answers

What is the instrument that displays bearing information from the VOR and ADF?

Radio Magnetic Indicator (RMI) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the pilot switching between ADF and VOR?

To switch between different navigation modes Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the transmitter section in the DME transmitter/receiver?

To generate, amplify, and transmit the interrogating signal Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the VOR control unit in the DME system?

To provide control, tuning, and switching circuits for the DME system Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of measurement displayed on the distance indicator?

Nautical miles Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition for the computed ground speed and TTS to be accurate?

If the aircraft is flying directly to or from the ground station Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the flag or warning displayed on the distance indicator?

To indicate system malfunction or no lock on to a reply signal Signup and view all the answers

What is an alternative location where the DME distance indication may be displayed?

Horizontal Situation Indicator (HSI) Signup and view all the answers