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Questions and Answers
What is one potential consequence of delays in VOIP communication?
Users are likely to notice delays in email communications.
False
What is the social issue regarding internet service discussed in the content?
Wealthy individuals receiving better service than those with lower income.
Data packets on the NBN identify their priority level using a _____ Code Point field.
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Match the classes of traffic with their descriptions:
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Which factor does NOT affect latency?
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Jitter refers to consistent latency in data exchanges.
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What are the three types of QoS guarantees?
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_____ requires large amounts of data to be transferred in one direction.
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Match the application type with its data transfer requirements:
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Study Notes
Latency Overview
- Latency is the delay between an application requesting data and receiving it.
- Reducing latency can be achieved by requesting fewer but larger packets.
Factors Affecting Latency
- Serialization: Time taken to move data onto the network, influenced by packet size and the network interface speed.
- Propagation: Affected by the type of network media (wired or wireless) and the distance from the requesting device to the server.
- Switching: Data packets processed by switches and routers incur delays during inspection, adding to overall latency.
- Queuing: Buffers or queues can delay data packets before processing, contributing additional latency.
Jitter Explanation
- Jitter refers to irregular latency or packet delay variance in data exchanges.
- Causes negative impacts in real-time applications such as VoIP calls, video conferencing, and online gaming.
- Can lead to degraded audio and video quality or erratic behavior in gaming, such as avatars pausing or jumping.
Quality of Service (QoS) Guarantee
- QoS standards prioritize certain data packets to mitigate latency and jitter effects.
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Types of QoS Guarantees:
- Best-effort service: No guarantees on latency or packet delivery.
- Differentiated service: Some data traffic is prioritized over others.
- Guaranteed service: Reserves specific bandwidth for critical applications.
Data Transfer Requirements by Application
- Netflix: Requires significant data transfer in one direction for streaming.
- VoIP: Needs smaller data packets exchanged bidirectionally for real-time communication.
- Email: Involves minimal data transfer in a single direction; delays of several seconds are often unnoticeable.
Social and Ethical Implications
- Disparities in service levels can arise, where wealthier individuals access superior bandwidth and lower latency.
- Raises concerns over equity; poorer individuals may face critical service limitations, such as making emergency calls, due to preferential access.
Data Packet Prioritization
- In systems like the NBN, data packets include a 3-bit Priority Code Point to indicate their priority level.
Classes of Traffic
- Four distinct classes of network traffic determine how packets are prioritized.
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Description
This quiz explores the concept of latency, which is the delay in data transmission between an application and a server. It examines the four key factors that influence latency: serialization, propagation, transmission, and queuing. Gain insights into how to optimize network performance by understanding these factors.
