Understanding Internet and Networks

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Questions and Answers

What is a characteristic of peer-to-peer networks?

They always require a server for communication.

They are suitable for networks with more than 25 computers.

All computers can directly communicate with each other. (correct)

They offer higher security than client/server networks.

Which of the following describes a node in a network?

A specific type of data packet used for communication.

A device that connects to the network but does not transmit data.

The central computer that controls the network.

Any device attached to a network, such as a printer or computer. (correct)

What is the purpose of a protocol in a network?

To govern the exchange of data between devices. (correct)

To manage storage devices connected to the network.

To physically connect devices through wires.

To establish pricing models for network services.

How does a packet function in data transmission?

It is a fixed-length block of data sent over the network. Signup and view all the answers

What is a limitation of peer-to-peer networks?

They slow down with an excess of more than 25 computers. Signup and view all the answers

What role does a wireless access point (WAP) play in a network?

It extends the range of the network for wireless connections. Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the unique address assigned to a device on a network?

IP address Signup and view all the answers

What is one advantage of client/server networks over peer-to-peer networks?

Better performance with large numbers of users. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a client computer in a client/server network?

To request data or services Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a primary benefit of a network?

Better communications Signup and view all the answers

What defines a WAN (Wide Area Network)?

A network that covers a wide geographic area Signup and view all the answers

Which type of network would typically cover a city?

MAN (Metropolitan Area Network) Signup and view all the answers

What is one characteristic of a Local Area Network (LAN)?

It operates in a limited geographic area Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of networking?

Increased Power Consumption Signup and view all the answers

What type of connections can be part of a WAN?

A combination of various types such as satellites and fiber-optic cables Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about server computers is true?

They supply data or services to client computers Signup and view all the answers

What type of programming languages are Java and Python categorized as?

General Purpose Languages Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes syntax in programming languages?

The rules and structure for constructing code Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the primary motivations for the creation of Java?

To develop a platform independent language Signup and view all the answers

What feature of Integrated Development Environments (IDEs) helps developers see their working code structure?

Project Hierarchy Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following languages is considered a low-level programming language?

C Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of the console in programming?

To output text using code Signup and view all the answers

What was Java initially called before its name was changed?

Oak Signup and view all the answers

Which application can NOT be developed using Java as a programming language?

Static HTML webpages Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a hub in a network?

It serves as a common connection point for multiple devices. Signup and view all the answers

Which device is capable of sending messages only to the intended recipient?

Switches Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a router from other network devices?

It directs messages between several connected networks. Signup and view all the answers

Which communication medium is described as likely being the telephone line from your house to the pole?

Twisted-pair wire Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a gateway in networking?

It enables communication between dissimilar networks. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes switches in networking?

They optimize performance by allowing simultaneous data transmission. Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary characteristic of coaxial cables compared to twisted-pair wires?

They have higher data transfer rates. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following does not describe a function of a hub?

It allows for full-duplex communication. Signup and view all the answers

What does the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) provide for Java technology code?

Hardware platform specifications Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a feature of Java technology?

It relies on bytecode for execution across different systems. Signup and view all the answers

What role does a compiler play in the Java Application Environment?

It translates Java source code into bytecode. Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario does NOT reflect how Java manages memory?

Using advanced algorithms to predict memory needs. Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the two main deployment environments for Java applications?

The installation of the Java runtime environment and its accessibility via web browsers. Signup and view all the answers

In what way is the bytecode used in Java unique?

It can be executed by any computer with a Java interpreter. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about Java's garbage collection is accurate?

Memory can be automatically reclaimed without programmer intervention. Signup and view all the answers

Which component is NOT part of the Java Application Environment?

Graphical Modeling Interface (GMI) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

The Internet

The internet is a network of networks, connecting computers, organizations, and individuals globally.
It utilizes a client/server structure:
- Client computers request data and services.
- Server computers provide the requested data and services.

Networks

Networks are interconnected systems for communication, sharing resources, and data.
They enable:
- Sharing of peripherals (printers, scanners, etc.)
- Sharing of programs and data
- Enhanced communication
- Information security
- Access to databases

Types of Networks

Wide Area Network (WAN): Span large geographic areas (countries, continents), often using various communication methods (satellites, fiber-optic cables, microwaves).
Metropolitan Area Network (MAN): Covers a city or suburb, often used to bypass local telephone companies.
Local Area Network (LAN): Connects devices within a limited area (office, building), forming the backbone of most office networks.
Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Networks: Microcomputers communicate directly, each sharing files and peripherals with others, without a central server.

Network Components

Hosts & Nodes:
- Host computer: Central computer controlling the network.
- Nodes: Devices connected to the network (computers, terminals, storage devices, printers).
Packets:
- Electronic messages divided into fixed-length blocks for transmission.
- Each packet contains data (typically 1,000-1,500 bytes) and is sent independently.
Protocols:
- Sets of rules governing data exchange between network components.
- Every device has an Internet Protocol (IP) address, allowing data routing.
- Devices must use the same protocols to communicate.
** Wired and Wireless Connections:**:
- Wired connections: Twisted-pair wire, coaxial cable, fiber-optic cable.
- Wireless connections: Infrared, microwave (Bluetooth), broadcast radio (Wi-Fi), satellite.

Network Linking Devices

Hubs: Central connection points for network devices, receiving data from multiple directions and forwarding it out.
Switches: Connect computers to the network, but send messages only to intended recipients.
Gateways: Facilitate communication between dissimilar networks (e.g., LAN and WAN).
Routers: Direct messages among connected networks, handling major data traffic.

Wired Communication Media

Twisted-Pair Wire: Common telephone lines, carrying signals via copper wires.
Coaxial Cable: Carries signals through a central wire surrounded by insulation and braided shield.
Fiber-Optic Cable: Uses light pulses to transmit data at very high speeds through thin glass filaments.

Programming Languages

Java: Created in 1991, originally called "Oak," designed to be platform-independent for embedded systems.
Python: General-purpose programming language, versatile for various applications.
HTML/CSS: Specific-purpose languages used for web page design.

Programming Language Levels

Low-level language: Closer to machine instructions, difficult for humans to read and write.
Assembly language: More human-readable representation of machine code, specific to a particular processor.
High-level language: More abstract, easier to understand for humans, can be translated into low-level languages by compilers or interpreters.

Coding

Instructions sent to computers via programming languages using Integrated Development Environments (IDEs).
IDEs include features like error-checking, auto-fill, and project hierarchy.
Syntax: The set of rules governing the structure and grammar of a programming language.

Console

An interface used to interact with the computer, allowing text output via code.

Java Technology

A programming language for creating applications.
A development environment with tools like compilers, interpreters, and documentation generators.
An application environment, running on any machine with the Java Runtime Environment (JRE).
A deployment environment, available directly on systems or within web browsers.

Features of Java

Java Virtual Machine (JVM): An imaginary machine emulated in software, providing a platform-independent environment for Java code compilation.
Garbage Collection: Java automatically reclaims unused memory for other programs, unlike manual memory management in languages like C and C++.
Bytecode: A special language understood by the JVM, independent of specific computer hardware, allowing Java programs to run on different platforms.

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Description

This quiz explores the fundamental concepts of the internet and different types of networks, including client/server structures and various network types such as WAN, MAN, and LAN. Test your knowledge on how these systems communicate and share resources globally.