CH 4: Inflation
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Questions and Answers

What is the target range for inflation set by the South African Reserve Bank?

  • 4% to 8%
  • 2% to 4%
  • 3% to 6% (correct)
  • 5% to 10%

Which of the following monetary policy tools is used to control money supply?

  • Open Market Operations
  • Wage Controls
  • Reserve Requirements (correct)
  • Fiscal Policy

What is the purpose of implementing wage controls?

  • To increase government revenue
  • To reduce unemployment
  • To increase economic growth
  • To prevent spiraling inflation (correct)

What is the goal of inflation targeting?

<p>To maintain inflation within a manageable range (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Open Market Operations?

<p>To influence broad money supply (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of high inflation on the economy?

<p>It has significant impacts on various aspects of economic and social life (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Price Controls?

<p>To direct control of maximum prices to limit inflation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is required for effective management of inflation?

<p>A blend of policies tailored to the specific economic conditions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of inflation on the economy?

<p>Reduced purchasing power (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of inflation is influenced by prices set by the government or regulatory bodies?

<p>Administered prices inflation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe a situation where high inflation is combined with stagnant economic growth and high unemployment?

<p>Stagflation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of inflation is measured by the Producer Price Index (PPI)?

<p>Producer inflation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of an increase in money supply circulating more rapidly than real economic growth, according to Monetarists?

<p>Inflation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of inflation on debtors and creditors?

<p>Benefits debtors at the expense of creditors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consequence of inflation on savings?

<p>Reduced savings (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of inflation measures the change in price for a basket of goods and services consumed by households?

<p>Consumer Inflation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between Headline Inflation and Core Inflation?

<p>Headline Inflation includes food and energy, while Core Inflation excludes them (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a consequence of inflation?

<p>Increase in the purchasing power of money (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe extremely high and typically accelerating inflation?

<p>Hyperinflation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a cause of inflation?

<p>Increase in aggregate demand (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of inflation on creditors?

<p>They are negatively affected by inflation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe a situation where high inflation is combined with stagnant economic growth and high unemployment?

<p>Stagflation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of the South African Reserve Bank's inflation targeting policy?

<p>To maintain inflation within a manageable range of 3% to 6% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a monetary policy tool used to combat inflation?

<p>Fiscal policy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consequence of price controls?

<p>Shortages of essential goods (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of a country with a history of political and economic instability?

<p>Varying rates of inflation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of reducing government spending in an effort to combat inflation?

<p>To reduce economic demand (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following policies is most likely to reduce the money supply in an economy?

<p>Increasing reserve requirements (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consequence of high inflation on the overall economy?

<p>Uncertainty and instability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key factor in maintaining economic stability and growth?

<p>Low and stable inflation rates (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of inflation is most likely to affect the overall economy, considering the volatility of certain items?

<p>Headline Inflation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consequence of demand-pull inflation on the economy?

<p>Reduced investment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the Monetarists' view, what is the primary cause of inflation?

<p>Increase in money supply (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a direct consequence of hyperinflation?

<p>Increased investment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of cost-push inflation on the economy?

<p>Increased production costs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of stagflation?

<p>High inflation and high unemployment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consequence of inflation on the distribution of income?

<p>Redistributes income from creditors to debtors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for implementing a combination of monetary, fiscal, and regulatory measures to combat inflation?

<p>To address the multifaceted nature of inflation and its impact on various aspects of economic and social life (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of South Africa's historical experience with inflation?

<p>Varying rates of inflation due to political changes, economic policies, and external factors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of adjusting reserve requirements as a monetary policy tool?

<p>To influence the broad money supply in the economy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of government spending in combating inflation?

<p>To influence economic activity by reducing or increasing public spending (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consequence of a failure to implement effective measures to combat inflation?

<p>Instability and stagnation in the economy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of using taxation as a fiscal policy tool to combat inflation?

<p>To manage economic demand by adjusting tax rates (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the South African Reserve Bank's inflation targeting policy?

<p>To maintain inflation within a manageable range of 3% to 6% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of understanding the underlying causes of inflation in South Africa?

<p>To develop effective strategies tailored to the specific economic conditions of the country (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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