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Questions and Answers
What is the main objective of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)?
What is the main objective of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)?
What is the main function of the National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC)?
What is the main function of the National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC)?
What is the primary application of Bhuvan, a geoportal developed by ISRO?
What is the primary application of Bhuvan, a geoportal developed by ISRO?
What is the main role of the Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC)?
What is the main role of the Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC)?
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What is the primary purpose of the Indian National Satellite System (INSAT)?
What is the primary purpose of the Indian National Satellite System (INSAT)?
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What is the primary goal of the Indian Space Research Organisation's (ISRO) Launch Authorisation Board (LAB)?
What is the primary goal of the Indian Space Research Organisation's (ISRO) Launch Authorisation Board (LAB)?
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What is the primary function of the Master Control Facility (MCF)?
What is the primary function of the Master Control Facility (MCF)?
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What is the primary application of the Indian Regional Navigational Satellite System (IRNSS)?
What is the primary application of the Indian Regional Navigational Satellite System (IRNSS)?
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What is the primary role of the UR Rao Satellite Centre (URSC)?
What is the primary role of the UR Rao Satellite Centre (URSC)?
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What is the primary purpose of the Antrix Corporation Limited?
What is the primary purpose of the Antrix Corporation Limited?
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Study Notes
Understanding Human Rights
- Human rights are universally accepted standards of human behavior and are inherent to all individuals, regardless of their nationality, race, gender, language, or social status.
- These rights are essential for the dignity and development of individuals and are considered a cornerstone of a fair and just society.
Historical Background of Human Rights
- The concept of human rights has evolved over time, with roots in ancient civilizations, such as Greece, Rome, and China.
- The modern human rights movement began in the 17th century with the English Bill of Rights (1689) and the French Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen (1789).
- The United Nations (UN) played a significant role in promoting human rights globally, with the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) in 1948.
Features of Human Rights
- Human rights are universal, meaning they are applicable to all individuals, regardless of their geographical location or cultural background.
- Human rights are inalienable, meaning they cannot be taken away or denied.
- Human rights are indivisible, meaning they are interconnected and cannot be separated from one another.
- Human rights are interdependent, meaning the realization of one right is dependent on the realization of other rights.
Types of Human Rights
- Civil and political rights, which include the right to life, liberty, and security, freedom from torture, and the right to a fair trial.
- Economic, social, and cultural rights, which include the right to education, healthcare, and social security.
- Collective rights, which include the right to self-determination, the right to development, and the right to a healthy environment.
Importance of Human Rights
- Human rights promote dignity, equality, and justice for all individuals.
- Human rights protect individuals from abuse and exploitation by the state and other powerful actors.
- Human rights foster a sense of accountability and responsibility among governments and other institutions.
- Human rights promote social cohesion, peaceful coexistence, and sustainable development.
Understanding the Indian Economy
- India is a developing country, with a low per capita income and a large population.
- The country faces several challenges, including poverty, unemployment, and inequality.
Features of the Indian Economy
- Mixed economy: India has a mixed economy, where both the public and private sectors coexist.
- Agriculture-based: Agriculture is a significant sector in the Indian economy, employing about 52% of the workforce.
- Service sector dominating: The service sector is the largest contributor to the Indian economy, accounting for about 55% of the GDP.
Sectoral Composition of the Indian Economy
- Primary sector (agriculture, mining, etc.): 28% of GDP
- Secondary sector (manufacturing, construction, etc.): 27% of GDP
- Tertiary sector (services, etc.): 55% of GDP
Developmental Experience of India
- Pre-independence: The Indian economy was primarily agrarian, with a stagnant industrial sector.
- Post-independence: The Indian government adopted a mixed economy approach, with a focus on rapid industrialization and economic growth.
- Five-Year Plans: India has implemented a series of Five-Year Plans to achieve rapid economic growth and development.
National Income
- Gross Domestic Product (GDP): The total value of goods and services produced within the country's borders.
- Net Domestic Product (NDP): GDP minus depreciation.
- Gross National Product (GNP): GDP plus net income from abroad.
Human Development Index (HDI)
- A composite index of health, education, and income.
- India's HDI ranking: 135 out of 189 countries (2019).
Demographic Features
- Large population: Over 1.3 billion people.
- Young population: About 65% of the population is below the age of 35.
- Urbanization: The urban population is growing rapidly, with about 34% of the population living in urban areas.
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