Questions and Answers
What is a Hypokinetic Condition?
Which of the following are examples of Hypokinetic Conditions? (Select all that apply)
What is Atherosclerosis?
Clogging of the arteries with plaque, especially an artery in the heart muscle.
What do coronary arteries do?
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Plaque is only made of cholesterol.
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What is cholesterol?
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Which of the following foods are examples of cholesterol sources? (Select all that apply)
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High liver removes cholesterol from arteries.
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Low liver produces and secretes cholesterol into arteries.
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What is HDL cholesterol?
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What are LDL cholesterol levels characterized as?
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What constitutes a heart attack?
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Which factors can cause high blood pressure? (Select all that apply)
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What does hypertension refer to?
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What is systolic pressure?
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What is diastolic pressure?
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What happens during a stroke?
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What can a stroke affect? (Select all that apply)
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What are primary risks for cardiovascular disease? (Select all that apply)
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What are secondary risks for cardiovascular disease? (Select all that apply)
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What is diabetes?
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What is hypoglycemia?
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What is the role of insulin?
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What is Type I Diabetes?
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What is Type II Diabetes?
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What is cancer?
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What is a common effect of cancer? (Select all that apply)
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What are examples of hypokinetic cancers? (Select all that apply)
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What is osteoporosis?
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What can help prevent osteoporosis? (Select all that apply)
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What is obesity?
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What is the importance of body fat?
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What is a hyperkinetic condition?
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What conditions can arise from too much physical activity?
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What is a body image disorder?
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Study Notes
Hypokinetic Conditions
- Hypokinetic conditions are characterized by a lack of movement, primarily caused by insufficient physical activity.
- Examples include heart disease, type II diabetes, stroke, and high blood pressure.
Atherosclerosis
- Atherosclerosis involves the clogging of arteries with plaque, significantly impacting coronary arteries supplying the heart.
Coronary Arteries
- Supply blood to the heart muscle, crucial for maintaining heart health.
Plaque Composition
- Plaque primarily consists of fats, cholesterol, calcium, and various substances found in the bloodstream.
Cholesterol
- A soft, waxy substance present among lipids in the bloodstream, crucial for various bodily functions.
Sources of Cholesterol
- Dietary sources include meats, poultry, fish, and dairy products.
Liver Function in Cholesterol Management
- High liver activity involves the removal of cholesterol from arteries.
- Low liver activity results in increased production and secretion of cholesterol into the arteries.
HDL and LDL Cholesterol
- HDL (High-Density Lipoproteins) is known as "good cholesterol," facilitating the removal of plaque and cholesterol from the heart.
- LDL (Low-Density Lipoproteins) is regarded as "bad cholesterol"; elevated levels lead to plaque accumulation in arteries.
Heart Attack
- Occurs when a coronary artery is fully blocked, preventing oxygen delivery to heart muscle, also known as coronary thrombosis.
Causes of High Blood Pressure
- Contributing factors include smoking, alcohol consumption, stress, excessive salt intake, genetics, and lack of exercise.
Hypertension
- Refers to consistently high blood pressure, which can lead to severe health complications.
Blood Pressure Measurements
- Systolic pressure measures the highest artery pressure after heartbeats (normal value: 120).
- Diastolic pressure reflects lowest artery pressure before heartbeats (normal value: 80).
Stroke
- A life-threatening condition caused by blockage or rupture of a blood vessel in the brain, restricting oxygen flow (3rd leading cause of death).
Stroke Impacts
- Can affect movement, thinking, and speech capabilities, with potential fatal outcomes.
Cardiovascular Disease Risks
- Primary risk factors include a sedentary lifestyle, high-fat diet, elevated cholesterol, high blood pressure, and smoking.
- Secondary risks encompass stress and excessive alcohol consumption.
Diabetes
- Characterized by excessively high blood sugar levels; type I diabetes is hereditary and affects 10% of cases while type II diabetes is linked to lifestyle choices.
Hypoglycemia
- Represents low blood sugar levels, which can lead to various health issues.
Insulin
- A hormone secreted by beta cells in the pancreas, essential for regulating blood sugar levels.
Cancer
- Defined by the growth of abnormal cells, making it the second leading cause of death.
Cancer Mechanism
- Cancer cells invade normal cells and can deprive them of nutrients.
Hypokinetic Cancers
- Specific cancers such as colon and breast cancer are classified as hypokinetic due to lifestyle factors.
Osteoporosis
- A condition marked by weak bones resulting from low bone density, increasing fracture risk as one ages.
Osteoporosis Prevention
- Preventive measures include regular exercise, building muscle around bones, increasing calcium intake, maintaining good nutrition, and seeking medical guidance.
Obesity
- Defined as having a high body fat percentage influenced by genetics and environmental factors.
Body Fat Importance
- Serves as insulation, shock absorption, and energy storage within the body.
Hyperkinetic Conditions
- Develop from excessive physical activity, leading to conditions like bone, joint problems, and muscle soreness or strains.
Body Image Disorder
- A mental illness leading to an excessive preoccupation with body image, impacting mental health and self-esteem.
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Description
This quiz delves into hypokinetic conditions caused by insufficient physical activity, highlighting examples like heart disease and diabetes. It also explores atherosclerosis, plaque composition, and the role of cholesterol in the body. Test your knowledge and learn about the vital connections between movement, heart health, and cholesterol management.