CH 18: Understanding of the processes and redox reactions taking place in galvanic Cells
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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of a galvanic cell?

  • Convert chemical energy into electrical energy (correct)
  • Convert electrical energy into chemical energy
  • Maintain charge balance in a solution
  • Generate chemical energy

    • In a galvanic cell, where do cations move towards?

  • Electrolyte
  • Cathode (correct)
  • Salt bridge
  • Anode

    • What is the direction of electron flow in a galvanic cell?

  • From cathode to anode
  • From anode to cathode (correct)
  • Within the salt bridge
  • Opposite to the movement of cations

    • Which half-reaction takes place at the cathode of a galvanic cell?

    <p>Cu²⁺(aq) + 2e⁻ → Cu(s)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the salt bridge in a galvanic cell?

    <p>Allows the flow of ions between half-cells to maintain electrical neutrality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does oxidation occur in a galvanic cell?

    <p>In the reduction half-cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the overall reaction of a galvanic cell obtained?

    <p>By adding the two half-reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the standard cell notation represent in a galvanic cell setup?

    <p>The reactants and products involved</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the electromotive force (EMF) of a cell calculated?

    <p>$E(anode) - E(cathode)$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a positive EMF value indicate about a reaction in a galvanic cell?

    <p>The reaction is spontaneous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a salt bridge in a galvanic cell?

    <p>To maintain charge balance by allowing the flow of ions between half-cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a galvanic cell, where do anions move towards?

    <p>Anode</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs at the cathode of a galvanic cell?

    <p>Reduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process converts chemical energy into electrical energy in galvanic cells?

    <p>Spontaneous redox reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What flows through the external circuit in a galvanic cell?

    <p>Electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens at the anode of a galvanic cell?

    <p>Oxidation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which agent is reduced at the cathode of a galvanic cell?

    <p>$Cu^{2+}$(aq)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of cations in a galvanic cell?

    <p>Move towards the cathode for reduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component allows for the flow of electrons between the two half-cells in a galvanic cell?

    <p>Electrolyte solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the movement of anions in a galvanic cell related to?

    <p>Oxidation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does oxidation occur in a galvanic cell?

    <p>At the anode</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a positive EMF value indicate about a reaction in a galvanic cell?

    <p>The reaction is spontaneous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the standard cell notation for a galvanic cell, what does the double vertical line '||' represent?

    <p>A connection allowing ion movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of an inert electrode like Pt in a galvanic cell?

    <p>Facilitate electron transfer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can oxidation and reduction sites be predicted in a galvanic cell from given half-cell reactions?

    <p>By comparing standard electrode potentials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which electrode is written first in the standard cell notation for a galvanic cell?

    <p>Anode</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the overall cell reaction in a galvanic cell?

    <p>Addition of half-reactions without canceling electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the salt bridge in a galvanic cell setup?

    <p>To complete the electrical circuit and prevent solutions from mixing directly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor determines whether a reaction in a galvanic cell is spontaneous under standard conditions?

    <p>Electromotive force (EMF) of the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do ions play in completing the electrical circuit in a galvanic cell?

    <p>Ions facilitate movement of charge to allow continuous function of the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which half-cell reaction has the higher tendency to lose electrons in a galvanic cell?

    <p>Oxidation half-cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is represented by the double vertical line '||' in the standard cell notation for a galvanic cell?

    <p>Salt bridge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a galvanic cell, what does a positive EMF value indicate about the reaction under standard conditions?

    <p>The reaction is spontaneous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the galvanic cell setup allows for the flow of electrons between the two half-cells?

    <p>Inert electrode</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor that determines whether a redox reaction in a galvanic cell is spontaneous?

    <p>Standard electrode potentials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does reduction occur in a galvanic cell setup?

    <p>Cathode</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of an inert electrode like Pt or C in a galvanic cell when used as electrodes?

    <p>Facilitate electron flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the overall cell reaction obtained in a galvanic cell from individual half-reactions?

    <p>Balancing electrons to cancel out and adding reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What flows through the external circuit in a galvanic cell to complete the electrical circuit?

    <p>$\text{e}^-$ (electrons)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the standard cell notation in a galvanic cell represent when inert electrodes are used?

    <p>Inert electrode materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of a salt bridge in a galvanic cell?

    <p>Helps maintain charge balance by allowing ion movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which direction do cations move in a galvanic cell?

    <p>Toward the cathode</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs at the cathode of a galvanic cell?

    <p>Reduction reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do electrons flow within a galvanic cell?

    <p>From the anode to the cathode through the external circuit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to the generation of electrons in a galvanic cell?

    <p>Oxidation reaction at the anode</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of an inert electrode like Pt in a galvanic cell?

    <p>Provides surface for electron transfer without participating in reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does oxidation primarily occur in a galvanic cell?

    <p>At the anode</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of galvanic cells?

    <p>Generate electrical energy from chemical energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of ion movement in a galvanic cell?

    <p>To maintain charge balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key role played by cations in a galvanic cell?

    <p>To move towards the cathode for reduction reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the salt bridge in a galvanic cell setup?

    <p>To maintain electrical neutrality by facilitating the flow of ions between the half-cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the overall cell reaction in a galvanic cell?

    <p>The relative tendencies of the half-cell reactions to lose or gain electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of a positive EMF value for a galvanic cell reaction under standard conditions?

    <p>The reaction is spontaneous and has a positive free energy change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the electromotive force (EMF) of a galvanic cell calculated?

    <p>By subtracting the reduction potential of the cathode from the reduction potential of the anode</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which half-reaction takes place at the cathode of a galvanic cell?

    <p>The reduction half-reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of an inert electrode like Pt or C in a galvanic cell?

    <p>To provide a surface for the redox reactions to occur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the double vertical line '||' in the standard cell notation for a galvanic cell?

    <p>To represent the salt bridge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor that determines whether a redox reaction in a galvanic cell is spontaneous under standard conditions?

    <p>The relative tendencies of the half-cell reactions to lose or gain electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the direction of electron flow in a galvanic cell?

    <p>From the anode to the cathode through the external circuit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does oxidation primarily occur in a galvanic cell?

    <p>At the anode</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the electromotive force (EMF) of a galvanic cell indicate when calculated using the standard reduction potentials?

    <p>The spontaneity of the redox reaction under standard conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a galvanic cell, what is the function of using inert electrodes like Pt or C?

    <p>To prevent mixing of solutions and complete the electrical circuit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the specific role of the salt bridge in a galvanic cell setup?

    <p>Maintain electrical neutrality within the half-cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor primarily determines whether a redox reaction is spontaneous in a galvanic cell under standard conditions?

    <p>The difference in standard electrode potentials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does oxidation occur in a galvanic cell with respect to electron transfer?

    <p>Gaining electrons at the anode</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is represented by the standard cell notation 'Zn(s) | Zn²⁺(aq) || Cu²⁺(aq) | Cu(s)' for a galvanic cell?

    <p>Oxidation of Cu and reduction of Zn</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines whether a redox reaction in a galvanic cell is spontaneous when using standard reduction potentials?

    <p>The difference in standard electrode potentials between half-cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does it mean if a redox reaction in a galvanic cell has a positive electromotive force (EMF)?

    <p>The reaction is spontaneous under standard conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a galvanic cell notation, what role do inert electrodes like Pt or C play when written outside the half-cell solutions?

    <p>Indicate non-reactive materials used in the setup</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does oxidation predict about a half-cell's tendency to lose electrons in a galvanic cell?

    <p>The half-cell with higher standard electrode potential loses more electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

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