CH 18: Understanding of the processes and redox reactions taking place in galvanic Cells
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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of a galvanic cell?

  • Convert chemical energy into electrical energy (correct)
  • Convert electrical energy into chemical energy
  • Maintain charge balance in a solution
  • Generate chemical energy

In a galvanic cell, where do cations move towards?

  • Electrolyte
  • Cathode (correct)
  • Salt bridge
  • Anode

What is the direction of electron flow in a galvanic cell?

  • From cathode to anode
  • From anode to cathode (correct)
  • Within the salt bridge
  • Opposite to the movement of cations

Which half-reaction takes place at the cathode of a galvanic cell?

<p>Cu²⁺(aq) + 2e⁻ → Cu(s) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the salt bridge in a galvanic cell?

<p>Allows the flow of ions between half-cells to maintain electrical neutrality (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does oxidation occur in a galvanic cell?

<p>In the reduction half-cell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the overall reaction of a galvanic cell obtained?

<p>By adding the two half-reactions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the standard cell notation represent in a galvanic cell setup?

<p>The reactants and products involved (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the electromotive force (EMF) of a cell calculated?

<p>$E(anode) - E(cathode)$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a positive EMF value indicate about a reaction in a galvanic cell?

<p>The reaction is spontaneous (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a salt bridge in a galvanic cell?

<p>To maintain charge balance by allowing the flow of ions between half-cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a galvanic cell, where do anions move towards?

<p>Anode (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs at the cathode of a galvanic cell?

<p>Reduction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process converts chemical energy into electrical energy in galvanic cells?

<p>Spontaneous redox reactions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What flows through the external circuit in a galvanic cell?

<p>Electrons (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens at the anode of a galvanic cell?

<p>Oxidation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which agent is reduced at the cathode of a galvanic cell?

<p>$Cu^{2+}$(aq) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of cations in a galvanic cell?

<p>Move towards the cathode for reduction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component allows for the flow of electrons between the two half-cells in a galvanic cell?

<p>Electrolyte solution (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the movement of anions in a galvanic cell related to?

<p>Oxidation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does oxidation occur in a galvanic cell?

<p>At the anode (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a positive EMF value indicate about a reaction in a galvanic cell?

<p>The reaction is spontaneous (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the standard cell notation for a galvanic cell, what does the double vertical line '||' represent?

<p>A connection allowing ion movement (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of an inert electrode like Pt in a galvanic cell?

<p>Facilitate electron transfer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can oxidation and reduction sites be predicted in a galvanic cell from given half-cell reactions?

<p>By comparing standard electrode potentials (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which electrode is written first in the standard cell notation for a galvanic cell?

<p>Anode (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the overall cell reaction in a galvanic cell?

<p>Addition of half-reactions without canceling electrons (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the salt bridge in a galvanic cell setup?

<p>To complete the electrical circuit and prevent solutions from mixing directly (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor determines whether a reaction in a galvanic cell is spontaneous under standard conditions?

<p>Electromotive force (EMF) of the cell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do ions play in completing the electrical circuit in a galvanic cell?

<p>Ions facilitate movement of charge to allow continuous function of the cell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which half-cell reaction has the higher tendency to lose electrons in a galvanic cell?

<p>Oxidation half-cell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is represented by the double vertical line '||' in the standard cell notation for a galvanic cell?

<p>Salt bridge (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a galvanic cell, what does a positive EMF value indicate about the reaction under standard conditions?

<p>The reaction is spontaneous (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the galvanic cell setup allows for the flow of electrons between the two half-cells?

<p>Inert electrode (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that determines whether a redox reaction in a galvanic cell is spontaneous?

<p>Standard electrode potentials (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does reduction occur in a galvanic cell setup?

<p>Cathode (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of an inert electrode like Pt or C in a galvanic cell when used as electrodes?

<p>Facilitate electron flow (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the overall cell reaction obtained in a galvanic cell from individual half-reactions?

<p>Balancing electrons to cancel out and adding reactions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What flows through the external circuit in a galvanic cell to complete the electrical circuit?

<p>$\text{e}^-$ (electrons) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the standard cell notation in a galvanic cell represent when inert electrodes are used?

<p>Inert electrode materials (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of a salt bridge in a galvanic cell?

<p>Helps maintain charge balance by allowing ion movement (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which direction do cations move in a galvanic cell?

<p>Toward the cathode (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs at the cathode of a galvanic cell?

<p>Reduction reaction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do electrons flow within a galvanic cell?

<p>From the anode to the cathode through the external circuit (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to the generation of electrons in a galvanic cell?

<p>Oxidation reaction at the anode (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of an inert electrode like Pt in a galvanic cell?

<p>Provides surface for electron transfer without participating in reactions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does oxidation primarily occur in a galvanic cell?

<p>At the anode (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of galvanic cells?

<p>Generate electrical energy from chemical energy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of ion movement in a galvanic cell?

<p>To maintain charge balance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key role played by cations in a galvanic cell?

<p>To move towards the cathode for reduction reactions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the salt bridge in a galvanic cell setup?

<p>To maintain electrical neutrality by facilitating the flow of ions between the half-cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the overall cell reaction in a galvanic cell?

<p>The relative tendencies of the half-cell reactions to lose or gain electrons (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of a positive EMF value for a galvanic cell reaction under standard conditions?

<p>The reaction is spontaneous and has a positive free energy change (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the electromotive force (EMF) of a galvanic cell calculated?

<p>By subtracting the reduction potential of the cathode from the reduction potential of the anode (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which half-reaction takes place at the cathode of a galvanic cell?

<p>The reduction half-reaction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of an inert electrode like Pt or C in a galvanic cell?

<p>To provide a surface for the redox reactions to occur (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the double vertical line '||' in the standard cell notation for a galvanic cell?

<p>To represent the salt bridge (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that determines whether a redox reaction in a galvanic cell is spontaneous under standard conditions?

<p>The relative tendencies of the half-cell reactions to lose or gain electrons (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of electron flow in a galvanic cell?

<p>From the anode to the cathode through the external circuit (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does oxidation primarily occur in a galvanic cell?

<p>At the anode (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the electromotive force (EMF) of a galvanic cell indicate when calculated using the standard reduction potentials?

<p>The spontaneity of the redox reaction under standard conditions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a galvanic cell, what is the function of using inert electrodes like Pt or C?

<p>To prevent mixing of solutions and complete the electrical circuit (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the specific role of the salt bridge in a galvanic cell setup?

<p>Maintain electrical neutrality within the half-cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor primarily determines whether a redox reaction is spontaneous in a galvanic cell under standard conditions?

<p>The difference in standard electrode potentials (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does oxidation occur in a galvanic cell with respect to electron transfer?

<p>Gaining electrons at the anode (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is represented by the standard cell notation 'Zn(s) | Zn²⁺(aq) || Cu²⁺(aq) | Cu(s)' for a galvanic cell?

<p>Oxidation of Cu and reduction of Zn (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines whether a redox reaction in a galvanic cell is spontaneous when using standard reduction potentials?

<p>The difference in standard electrode potentials between half-cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean if a redox reaction in a galvanic cell has a positive electromotive force (EMF)?

<p>The reaction is spontaneous under standard conditions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a galvanic cell notation, what role do inert electrodes like Pt or C play when written outside the half-cell solutions?

<p>Indicate non-reactive materials used in the setup (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does oxidation predict about a half-cell's tendency to lose electrons in a galvanic cell?

<p>The half-cell with higher standard electrode potential loses more electrons (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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