Universal law of gravitation

Study Notes

Free Fall: Gravity's Relentless Progression

Free fall occurs when an object is in a state of gravitational or unpowered flight, meaning it's traveling under the influence of gravity alone without any forces acting against that downward pull. This phenomenon is crucial to understanding how gravity impacts objects in motion.

Acceleration Due to Gravity (g)

The acceleration experienced by objects in free fall is known as the acceleration due to gravity (g). On Earth, the value of g is approximately 9.81 meters per second squared (m/s²). This acceleration is a fundamental component of Newton's second law, which describes how forces change an object's motion.

Velocity

Velocity refers to the speed and direction of an object's motion. In free fall, objects experience an increase in velocity as they fall due to the constant acceleration of gravity. The relationship between time and velocity in free fall can be described by the following equation:

[v = u + gt]

Where (v) is the final velocity, (u) is the initial velocity, (g) is the acceleration due to gravity, and (t) is the time elapsed.

Distance

The distance an object travels during free fall can be determined using the following equation:

[s = ut + \frac{1}{2}gt^2]

Where (s) is the final distance, (u) is the initial velocity, (g) is the acceleration due to gravity, and (t) is the time elapsed.

Time

The time it takes an object to reach the ground during free fall can be determined using the following equation:

[t = \frac{v - u}{g}]

Where (t) is the time elapsed, (v) is the final velocity, (u) is the initial velocity, and (g) is the acceleration due to gravity.

Real-world Examples

Real-world examples of free fall include:

Dropping an object from a height.
Skydiving without a parachute, where the skydiver falls freely until they deploy their parachute.
Objects crossing the International Space Station (ISS) airlock, where astronauts experience weightlessness.

Conclusion

Free fall is a fundamental concept in understanding how gravity affects objects in motion. By understanding the acceleration due to gravity, velocity, distance, and time, we can better comprehend the physics involved in this phenomenon. Whether it's an apple falling from a tree or an astronaut performing an experiment in space, free fall is a critical concept to grasp in the study of physics.

Description

Explore the concept of free fall, where objects travel under the influence of gravity alone without any opposing forces. Learn about acceleration due to gravity, velocity, distance, and time equations to comprehend how objects move in free fall. Real-world examples like dropping objects and skydiving illustrate this fundamental physics principle.