Understanding Force and Pressure

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Questions and Answers

What is the SI unit of force?

  • Newton (correct)
  • Joule
  • Pascal
  • Dyne

What is the effect of force on a stationary body?

  • It makes the body colder.
  • It always changes its color.
  • It can produce motion. (correct)
  • It always breaks the body.

What does it mean for force to be a vector quantity?

  • It has only size and shape.
  • It has both magnitude and direction. (correct)
  • It has only direction.
  • It only has magnitude.

According to the definition, which action does NOT describe 'force'?

<p>Twisting (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was Blaise Pascal?

<p>A French mathematician and physicist. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the SI unit of pressure named in honor of Blaise Pascal?

<p>Pascal (Pa) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for pressure?

<p>$P = \frac{F}{A}$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one pascal (Pa) numerically equal to?

<p>The force of one newton acting on an area of one square meter. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A box weighs 60 N and exerts a pressure of 3 Pa. What is the area of cross-section of the box?

<p>20 $m^2$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for calculating pressure?

<p>$P = \frac{F}{A}$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a force of 100 N is applied to an area of 10 m², what is the pressure in Pascals?

<p>10 Pa (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the area of a box that weighs 200 N and exerts a pressure of 20 Pa?

<p>10 m² (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to pressure when the area of contact increases?

<p>Pressure decreases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the standard SI unit for measuring pressure?

<p>Pascal (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

To cut fruits, which of the following knives are preferred?

<p>A sharp knife (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the area of contact and the effect of force?

<p>Lesser the area of contact, more is the effect of force. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a force of 10 N is applied to an area of $2 m^2$, what is the pressure?

<p>5 Pa (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What physical quantity measures the effect of force on an area?

<p>Pressure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Pressure is directly proportional to which of the following?

<p>Magnitude of Force (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is inversely proportional to pressure?

<p>Area of contact (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it easier to push a sharpened pencil into soil compared to a blunt pencil?

<p>The sharpened pencil has a smaller area of contact. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these items did Blaise Pascal invent?

<p>Syringe (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why can a camel walk easily on sand compared to humans?

<p>Camels have broader feet, distributing their weight. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Java needs to open a nut requiring a moment of force of $9 ext{ N m}$. If Java applies a force of $50 ext{ N}$, what length of wrench is needed?

<p>0.18 m (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the area of cross-section of an object if $F = 50 N$ and $P = 10 Pa$?

<p>$A = 5 m^2$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does wearing high heels concentrate onto a small area?

<p>A large amount of force (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the other term for spanner?

<p>Wrench (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Thrust is defined as a force acting in which direction to a surface?

<p>Perpendicular (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A brick placed on the ground exerts thrust equal to its what?

<p>Weight (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following does NOT affect liquid pressure?

<p>Volume of the container (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, thrust depends on what?

<p>Force applied perpendicular to the surface (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the SI unit of moment of force?

<p>Newton-metre (Nm) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Applying force at the edge of a door makes it easier to open because it maximizes what?

<p>The distance from the hinges (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Using a wrench with a longer arm to unscrew a tight nut requires:

<p>Less force (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an application of the turning effect of force?

<p>Using a potter's wheel (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between 1 Nm and dyne cm?

<p>$1 Nm = 10^{7} dyne ; cm$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What two factors determine the moment of force?

<p>Magnitude of applied force and perpendicular distance from the pivot (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the SI unit of pressure?

<p>Pascal (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do nails and pins have pointed tips?

<p>To decrease the area and increase the pressure. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What constitutes a couple of forces?

<p>A pair of equal forces acting along different directions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it easier to cut fruits with a sharp knife?

<p>Sharp knives have a smaller contact area, increasing pressure. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do shopping bags have wide straps?

<p>To increase the area of contact and reduce pressure on hands and shoulders. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the formula $M = F \times d$, what does 'M' represent?

<p>Moment of force (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do porters use a round piece of cloth on their heads when carrying heavy loads?

<p>To increase the area of contact and reduce pressure on their heads. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the moment of force if a 20 N force is applied at a distance of 0.5 m from a fixed point?

<p>10 Nm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do snowshoes help people walk on snow?

<p>They have a larger surface area which reduces pressure on the snow. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Pressure is defined as:

<p>Normal force acting per unit area (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do bulldozers use caterpillar tracks instead of wheels?

<p>To increase the surface area and reduce pressure on the ground. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 1 kilogram force (kgf) approximately equal to in Newtons (N)?

<p>9.8 N (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a force is applied to a body pivoted at a point?

<p>The body turns about the point (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the turning effect of a force known as?

<p>Moment of force (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What two factors does the moment of force depend on?

<p>Magnitude of applied force and perpendicular distance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If $M$ represents the moment of force, $F$ represents the applied force, and $d$ represents the perpendicular distance, which equation is correct?

<p>$M = F \times d$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In order to increase the turning effect of a force, what should you increase?

<p>Both the applied force and the distance from the pivot (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the handle typically placed on a door to make it easier to open?

<p>At the outer edge (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of the application of moment of force??

<p>A driver turns a steering wheel. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between applied force and moment of force?

<p>Directly proportional (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Couple of Forces

Equal forces acting in different directions, causing rotation.

Moment of Force

The turning effect of a force.

Pressure

Normal force acting per unit area.

Moment of Force Formula

Moment of force = Force x Distance (from pivot point)

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Force and Area relationship

Effect of force is greater when the area is smaller, and vice-versa.

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What is Force?

A push or pull that can change an object's state of rest, motion, direction, shape, or size.

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Effects of Force

Force can start motion, stop motion, change speed, change direction, and change shape/size.

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Force as a Vector

A quantity with both magnitude and direction.

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SI Unit of Force

Newton (N)

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Define 1 Newton

1 N = 1 kg * m/s²

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Moment of Force (Torque)

The turning effect of a force, calculated as force multiplied by the perpendicular distance from the axis of rotation.

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SI Unit of Torque

Newton-metre (Nm). It's derived from force (Newton) times distance (metre).

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Effect of Distance on Torque

Applying a force further from the pivot point increases the turning effect.

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Wrench Length and Force

Using a longer wrench requires less force to achieve the same turning effect on a nut.

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Applications of Torque

Turning a steering wheel, using a wrench, and a potter's wheel.

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Calculating Moment

Force multiplied by the distance from the pivot point.

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Increasing Moment

Increasing the force or the distance from the pivot.

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Camel's Feet

A camel's broad feet distribute its weight over a larger area.

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Area of Contact

The effect of force depends on the area of contact.

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Pressure Equation

Normal force divided by area.

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High Heel Pressure

High heels concentrate force on a small area.

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Kilogram Force (kgf)

Force with which Earth pulls a 1 kg mass, approximately 9.8 N.

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Turning Effect of Force

The turning effect of a force on an object around a pivot point.

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Factors Affecting Moment of Force

Applied force and perpendicular distance from the pivot.

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SI Unit of Moment of Force

Newton-metre (Nm)

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Increasing Turning Effect

Increase either the applied force or the distance from the pivot.

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Door Handle Placement

Handle placed far from hinges

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Tightening a Bolt with a Wrench

The force applied multiplied by the length of the wrench handle.

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Steering wheel application

Turning a steering wheel

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Potter's wheel application

A potter's wheel has a stick at the outer force at its handle.

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What is pressure?

Force per unit area. It's how concentrated a force is.

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Force and Pressure

Pressure increases proportionally with the amount of force applied.

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Area and Pressure

Pressure decreases as the contact area increases, and vice versa.

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Pressure Formula

P = F/A, where P is pressure, F is force, and A is area.

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SI unit of Pressure

Pascal (Pa), equivalent to one Newton per square meter (N/m²).

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Why sharp knives?

Using a sharp knife reduces the contact area, increasing pressure for easier cutting.

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Who was Blaise Pascal?

French scientist who studied fluids and atmospheric pressure; invented the syringe and hydraulic press.

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Area Calculation

Area = Force / Pressure, derived from P = F/A.

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What is 1 Pascal (Pa)?

One Newton per square meter (1 N/m²).

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What is a kilopascal (kPa)?

A larger unit for measuring pressure, equal to 1000 Pascals.

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Area Formula (from Pressure)

Area = Force / Pressure

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What is a Kilopascal (kPa)?

A larger unit of pressure measurement.

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Pascal's inventions

Invented the hydraulic press and syringe.

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What is Thrust?

Force acting perpendicular to a surface.

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SI unit of thrust

Newtons (N).

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Thrust definition

Total force acting perpendicular to a surface.

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Thrust vs. Pressure

Thrust is the total perpendicular force on a surface; pressure is that force per unit area.

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Factors affecting liquid pressure

Height of the liquid column and density of the liquid.

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Why pointed pins work?

Pointed tips concentrate force on a small area, creating high pressure to pierce surfaces.

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Sharp Knife Advantage

Sharp knives reduce the contact area, increasing the pressure applied to the fruit for easy cutting.

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Wide Straps Benefit

Wide straps increase the contact area, reducing the pressure on hands or shoulders when carrying bags.

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Porters' head cloth

They increase the area of contact, distributing the load's weight and reducing the pressure on the head.

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Snowshoes Function

Larger surface area spreads the weight, decreasing the pressure and preventing sinking in the snow.

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