Ch 9 pg 247-253

Flat roofs are generally found on larger buildings such as stores, factories,____ and _____ buildings. In the past these roofs were normally much stronger than ____ roofs, since they were designed to support greater ___ loads

Inverted roofs have roof boards nailed to a framework of 2x4s raised ____ ft above the main roof joist

The style of roof that has become dominant in the last __ years, Atleast in the ___ and ___ is the metal deck roof

Pg 248 says Older flat roofs have wooden beams of ___ or even 3x12s as the main support beams. Pg 254 says ____ or 3x12s. Spaced __in apart

Oh 248 says these 2x12 and 3x12s are limited to a ___ ft span between supports (steel or masonry bearing walls) ch 12 pg 335 says ___ ft apart

Nailed to the roof beams is the roof decking which is usually ___ tongue and groove planking

In some very old roofs a thin layer of ___ was also laid on top of the tar paper

In some cases ____ was spread over the hot tar to act as a retardant to the spread of flames

This style of flat roof with its layers of tar has a lifespan of __ __ years. With several layers of tar paper they can be up to 3 to _ inches thick. This is a very substantial roof to work on, even over a heavy body of fire

Old style construction with exposed joist can be found in older buildings such as ____ and ____, where heating and appearances aren’t primarily a concern.

A working fire on the top floor of any large area, flat roof building requires an immediate commitment of at least __ FFs equipped with ___ power saws, ___ 6-8ft hooks( 10ft for larger buildings which may have a cockloft as much as __ ft deep) a halligan tool, an axe and a radio

Immediately upon reaching the roof(via ladder or ____, never through the ___ stairs) the members should vent any vertical shafts they find such as bulkhead doors and skylights

A member can vent the top floor windows using a ___ or a halligan tool clipped to a short rope

After venting bulkheads and top floor windows then members can cut open the ___. Preforming in the reverse sequence will likely delay fire control by hindering the advancement of the _____

Most text have advocated for ___ ft hole for large area, flat roof structures

The first step in making any ventilation opening is to locate the ____ site, usually as close to directly over the fire as is ___

The ___ of the fire is most often determined by observing its condition, either as the members make their way to the roof or once they have arrived there.

Other means for locating the proper site include communicating with interior forces by ____, feeling soil pipes and checking the roof for ___ and ____ and by means of examination holes

Two types of examination holes are used; one is a _____ opening the other is a ___ cut.

The kerf cut is __ wide by __ inches long. The triangle is 8 to __ inches

The triangle cut can be used to insert the _____ nozzle or ___, such as the bresnan distributer

Plan the cut. First item to consider is the means of ____. Have Atleast __ ways off each roof. If only one makes sure someone arranges another ____ to be placed where members can use it if the first route gets cut off

The second concern when positioning the cut is the ____ direction.

The saw operator must be capable of cutting both ____ and ____ handed to ensure they are standing on solid roofing at all times

The cut should be made as close to the ___ of the selected joist

Subdivide the hole into ___ ft max. Make sufficient ____ holes at the ____ of each section either to fall or be pushed down, similar to inspection holes

One 8x8 ft hole requires ___ linear ft of cutting. If the first _____ is pulled after making the initial __ cuts the attack team may be granted sufficient relief for them to remain inside

Cut to expand as many additional ___ between the joist as possible rather than extending the channel between existing joist. Joist act as draft ____

Many of the _____ materials used on roof decks are very combustible. Tar paper and newer rubber roofing burn with large quantities of black smoke,high heat,and lots of flame. Newer roofing material often turns ____

If the wind is ___ it is best to complete all the cuts before you pull the hole, so that you won’t be driven off by the smoke and heat