Understanding Expository Text and Graphs

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Questions and Answers

Expository text aims to explain, inform, and present facts of specific topics.

True (A)

Visual-verbal Relationship refers to the interaction between verbal and visual elements in expository text.

True (A)

What is an example of a visual element used to enhance comprehension?

Graphs

A bar graph is used to represent independent variables.

<p>True (A)</p>
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Line graphs illustrate the change in numbers over a continuous period.

<p>True (A)</p>
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Pictographs replace bars with symbols or pictures.

<p>True (A)</p>
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A pie graph or chart is used to display divided data.

<p>True (A)</p>
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What is a table also known as?

<p>Matrix</p>
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A captioned graphic combines a short explanation or description with an image.

<p>True (A)</p>
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Flowcharts depict a sequence of actions, making the process easier to understand.

<p>True (A)</p>
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Infographics are visual representations that improve cognition by making information more accessible.

<p>True (A)</p>
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Diagrams can be used to compare or contrast different concepts.

<p>True (A)</p>
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A fact is a proven and tested statement with evidence to support it.

<p>True (A)</p>
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Opinions are generally objective and based on evidence.

<p>False (B)</p>
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Personal opinions are often expressed using pronouns like "I" and "my."

<p>True (A)</p>
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General opinions represent the beliefs of a specific group or everyone.

<p>True (A)</p>
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What are the types of communication?

<p>All of the above (D)</p>
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The process of communication involves encoding, decoding, medium, receiver, and feedback.

<p>True (A)</p>
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What are the two main modes of communication?

<p>Verbal and written (C)</p>
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Visual communication can include both still and moving images.

<p>True (A)</p>
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Audio communication uses volume, beat, tempo, pitch, and rhythm.

<p>True (A)</p>
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Written communication encompasses handwritten, printed, and screen-based formats.

<p>True (A)</p>
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Multimodal texts use combinations of visual and verbal elements to convey meaning.

<p>True (A)</p>
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Multimodal texts are limited to digital presentation.

<p>False (B)</p>
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What type of multimodal text incorporates dance or oral presentations?

<p>Live (D)</p>
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Which type of multimodal text includes films, animations, or slideshows?

<p>Digital (B)</p>
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What type of multimodal text involves infographics, graphic text, posters, or other printed materials?

<p>Paper-based (A)</p>
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Flashcards

Expository Text

A type of text that explains and informs about a specific topic, presenting facts.

Visual-Verbal Relationship

The interaction between visuals and words, where one supports the other in communication.

Visual Element

Graphic elements like graphs, tables, and maps used to enhance comprehension in reading material.

Graph

A diagram showing the relationship between different quantities, usually plotted on an x-y axis.

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Bar Graph

A graph that uses bars to represent data, demonstrating changes in values.

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Line Graph

Shows changes in values over time or a continuous change.

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Pictograph

A graph using symbols or pictures to represent data.

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Pie Chart

A graph representing data in percentages, showing divisions of a whole.

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Table

A structured arrangement of data in rows and columns.

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Map

A graphic representation of spatial arrangement of data.

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Captioned Graphics

Visuals with descriptive text accompanying the image for clarity.

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Flow Chart

A visual representation of a process, showing progression through steps.

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Infographic

Visual representation of information for enhanced cognitive engagement.

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Diagram

Image/drawing used to visualize a concept or process.

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Fact

A statement that can be proven true or correct.

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Opinion

A personal belief or judgment, not necessarily proven true.

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Communication

The process of sharing information between individuals or groups.

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Multimodal Texts

Texts that use a combination of visuals and verbal information to convey ideas.

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Sender

The individual or group initiating a message in communication.

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Receiver

The individual or group receiving a message in communication.

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Medium

The method used to transmit a message (e.g., voice, writing).

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Feedback

Response to communication, completing the communication process.

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Written Communication

Communication using written words.

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Spoken Communication

Communication using spoken words

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Study Notes

Expository Text

  • Explains, informs, and presents facts about specific topics
  • Can be accompanied by visual cues

Visual-Verbal Relationship

  • Dwyer (1988) described a symbiotic relationship
  • Visual supports verbal information, and vice versa

Visual Elements

  • Graphs, tables, maps, and illustrations used to improve comprehension
  • Strengthen understanding of reading material

Graph Types

  • Graph: Displays relationships between variable quantities (e.g., y-axis = number, x-axis = category)
  • Bar Graph: Shows independent variables
  • Line Graph: Shows how numbers change; continuous data
  • Pictograph: Similar to bar graphs, but uses symbols/pictures
  • Pie Graph/Chart: Displays data as percentages
  • Table: Organised data in rows and columns arranged spatially
  • Map: Shows spatial arrangement/distribution of collected data
  • Captioned Graphics: Include titles, short explanations, and illustrations
  • Flow Chart: Illustrates step-by-step actions
  • Infographics: Visual representations of information to improve understanding
  • Diagrams: Use drawings/images/sketches to visualize information (e.g., Venn diagrams to compare and contrast)

Fact vs. Opinion

  • Fact: True, proven, and tested; has evidence
  • Opinion: Biased, subjective, reflects personal feelings/beliefs, and lacks evidence

Opinion Marking Signals

  • Personal Opinion: Uses "I" and "my"
  • General Opinion: "Everyone's belief", "group opinion"
  • Agreement: Same opinion (same side)
  • Disagreement: Different opinions (opposite sides)

Communication

  • Information exchanged between individuals or groups
  • Involves face-to-face interaction or devices

Communication Process

  • Sender encodes -> Medium -> Receiver decodes -> Feedback -> Repeat

Communication Modes

  • Written and spoken
  • Visual (still and moving images)
  • Audio (sound, ambient, natural and unnatural/volume, tempo, pitch, rhythm)

Multimodal Texts

  • Meaning expressed through a combination of visuals
  • Includes live presentations, digital media (film, animation), and paper-based formats (infographics, posters)

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