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Understanding Electronegativity in Chemistry

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Understanding Electronegativity in Chemistry

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Questions and Answers

What is the definition of electronegativity?

The ability to pull electrons from another atom and hold them tightly (correct)

The ability to push electrons towards another atom

The ability to repel electrons from another atom

The ability to release electrons to another atom

Which element has the least electronegative value on Pauling's scale?

Francium (correct)

Fluorine

Oxygen

Carbon

How does the electronegativity value of an element affect its ability to attract or hold electrons?

Electronegativity value has no correlation with the ability to attract or hold electrons

Lower electronegativity means less ability to attract or hold electrons

Higher electronegativity means less ability to attract or hold electrons

Higher electronegativity means higher ability to attract or hold electrons (correct)

Which type of bonding involves the sharing of electrons between atoms?

Covalent bonding Signup and view all the answers

What is the most electronegative element according to Linus Pauling's scale?

Fluorine Signup and view all the answers

What determines if a covalent bond is polar or nonpolar?

The electronegativity difference Signup and view all the answers

What does an electronegativity difference (ΔEN) of 0 indicate about a covalent bond?

It is nonpolar Signup and view all the answers

According to the electronegativity values in the text, which bond is classified as polar covalent?

C-O Signup and view all the answers

Why do nonmetals on the right side of the periodic table have higher electronegativities?

Due to having stronger nuclear charge Signup and view all the answers

How can the trend of increasing electronegativity across a period be explained?

By considering the number of protons in the atom Signup and view all the answers

Why does electronegativity decrease down a group on the periodic table?

As electrons gain energy shells farther from the nucleus, there is increased nuclear shielding. Signup and view all the answers

Why do most noble gases have an electronegativity value of 0.0?

They have full outer shells of electrons and do not need to share or transfer electrons. Signup and view all the answers

Why do elements with atomic numbers above 104 have electronegativity values of 0.0?

They have radioactive nuclei that break down, preventing accurate measurements. Signup and view all the answers

What makes long chain fatty acids found in oils and fats nonpolar?

Equal electronegativities of carbon and hydrogen atoms Signup and view all the answers

How is the polarity of the amide bond used in drug manufacture?

To enhance solubility and effectiveness of drugs Signup and view all the answers