Podcast
Questions and Answers
Why is it important to learn about eating disorders?
Why is it important to learn about eating disorders?
- To better understand the interaction between physical and mental health.
- To learn about the impact of society and culture on mental wellbeing.
- Because early identification and intervention can prevent harm.
- All of the above. (correct)
Which age group is most commonly affected by eating disorders?
Which age group is most commonly affected by eating disorders?
- Adult men aged 30-40 years old.
- Older women aged 60-70 years old.
- Adults of any age.
- Young women aged 13 to 17 years old. (correct)
What percentage of individuals with eating disorders are estimated to be male?
What percentage of individuals with eating disorders are estimated to be male?
- Approximately 50%.
- Around 75%.
- Less than 5%.
- Between 10% and 25%. (correct)
Which of the following is a characteristic of Anorexia Nervosa (AN) according to the DSM-V?
Which of the following is a characteristic of Anorexia Nervosa (AN) according to the DSM-V?
What is a primary characteristic of Bulimia Nervosa (BN)?
What is a primary characteristic of Bulimia Nervosa (BN)?
What differentiates Binge Eating Disorder (BED) from Bulimia Nervosa (BN)?
What differentiates Binge Eating Disorder (BED) from Bulimia Nervosa (BN)?
Pica is characterized by:
Pica is characterized by:
What is Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID)?
What is Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID)?
Which of the following is a DSM-V classification of an eating disorder?
Which of the following is a DSM-V classification of an eating disorder?
According to DSM-5 criteria, which of the following must be present for a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa?
According to DSM-5 criteria, which of the following must be present for a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa?
Which of the following best describes the 'restricting type' of anorexia nervosa?
Which of the following best describes the 'restricting type' of anorexia nervosa?
What compensatory behavior is seen in bulimia nervosa but NOT in binge eating disorder?
What compensatory behavior is seen in bulimia nervosa but NOT in binge eating disorder?
An individual with Bulimia Nervosa is MOST likely to exhibit with physical signs?
An individual with Bulimia Nervosa is MOST likely to exhibit with physical signs?
Why might an individual with an eating disorder engage in preparing food for others, as a warning sign?
Why might an individual with an eating disorder engage in preparing food for others, as a warning sign?
Which psychological factor is commonly associated with eating disorders?
Which psychological factor is commonly associated with eating disorders?
What do psychodynamic theories emphasize in relation to eating disorders?
What do psychodynamic theories emphasize in relation to eating disorders?
According to cognitive behavioral theories, what perpetuates eating disorders?
According to cognitive behavioral theories, what perpetuates eating disorders?
According to cognitive behavioral theories, what is one of the functions that cognitive distortions serve in individuals with eating disorders?
According to cognitive behavioral theories, what is one of the functions that cognitive distortions serve in individuals with eating disorders?
What is primarily addressed in the first tier of anorexia nervosa treatment?
What is primarily addressed in the first tier of anorexia nervosa treatment?
Which therapy has demonstrated long-term effectiveness in treating bulimia nervosa:
Which therapy has demonstrated long-term effectiveness in treating bulimia nervosa:
Which of the following is the MOST accurate statement regarding Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) as a treatment for individuals with Bulimia Nervosa?
Which of the following is the MOST accurate statement regarding Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) as a treatment for individuals with Bulimia Nervosa?
Anorexia Nervosa is NOT:
Anorexia Nervosa is NOT:
If a friend or loved one is suspected to be suffering from an eating disorder, what options are useful:
If a friend or loved one is suspected to be suffering from an eating disorder, what options are useful:
Which of the following physical symptoms or signs should prompt consideration of a possible eating disorder?
Which of the following physical symptoms or signs should prompt consideration of a possible eating disorder?
What can be a result of bulimia?
What can be a result of bulimia?
Individuals suffering from anorexia are NOT always underweight.
Individuals suffering from anorexia are NOT always underweight.
Which of the following statements regarding eating disorders and mental health is MOST accurate?
Which of the following statements regarding eating disorders and mental health is MOST accurate?
A defining feature of anorexia nervosa is a disturbance in the way in which one's body weight or shape is experienced. How might this manifest?
A defining feature of anorexia nervosa is a disturbance in the way in which one's body weight or shape is experienced. How might this manifest?
The Maudsley Anorexia Nervosa Treatment for Adults (MANTRA) focuses:
The Maudsley Anorexia Nervosa Treatment for Adults (MANTRA) focuses:
A researcher is investigating the prevalence of eating disorders across different cultural contexts. Which of the following statements best reflects a significant challenge in this area of study?
A researcher is investigating the prevalence of eating disorders across different cultural contexts. Which of the following statements best reflects a significant challenge in this area of study?
What is the MOST important reason to seek treatment?
What is the MOST important reason to seek treatment?
Which of the following is the MOST accurate regarding bulimia?
Which of the following is the MOST accurate regarding bulimia?
Which statement best reflects the aims of psychodynamic therapy in the treatment of eating disorders?
Which statement best reflects the aims of psychodynamic therapy in the treatment of eating disorders?
Which of the following could be the FIRST sign that somebody has an eating disorder?
Which of the following could be the FIRST sign that somebody has an eating disorder?
Which term, once attributed to Hilde Bach, is most associated to psychodynamic theories?
Which term, once attributed to Hilde Bach, is most associated to psychodynamic theories?
There are no physical impacts when suffering from an eating disorder.
There are no physical impacts when suffering from an eating disorder.
What is lanugo?
What is lanugo?
According to the DSM-V, what is a characteristic shared by both the restricting type and the binge-eating/purging type of anorexia nervosa?
According to the DSM-V, what is a characteristic shared by both the restricting type and the binge-eating/purging type of anorexia nervosa?
What is the primary focus of cognitive behavioral theories in explaining the persistence of bulimia nervosa (BN)?
What is the primary focus of cognitive behavioral theories in explaining the persistence of bulimia nervosa (BN)?
Which of the following is a typical physical effect associated with bulimia nervosa (BN)?
Which of the following is a typical physical effect associated with bulimia nervosa (BN)?
What is a key characteristic of binge eating disorder (BED) as defined by the DSM-5?
What is a key characteristic of binge eating disorder (BED) as defined by the DSM-5?
Which statement best encapsulates the role of family-based therapy in the treatment of adolescent bulimia nervosa (BN)?
Which statement best encapsulates the role of family-based therapy in the treatment of adolescent bulimia nervosa (BN)?
What is the primary initial goal in the treatment of anorexia nervosa?
What is the primary initial goal in the treatment of anorexia nervosa?
Beyond weight restoration and addressing psychological issues, what is the third critical component in the tiered treatment approach for anorexia nervosa (AN)?
Beyond weight restoration and addressing psychological issues, what is the third critical component in the tiered treatment approach for anorexia nervosa (AN)?
How do psychodynamic theories conceptualize the role of eating disorder symptoms in the life of an individual?
How do psychodynamic theories conceptualize the role of eating disorder symptoms in the life of an individual?
What is the MOST accurate description of how eating disorders relate to an individual's choices?
What is the MOST accurate description of how eating disorders relate to an individual's choices?
Which factor is LEAST likely to be emphasized by psychodynamic theories in explaining the development of eating disorders?
Which factor is LEAST likely to be emphasized by psychodynamic theories in explaining the development of eating disorders?
Which of the following statements BEST describes the relationship between eating disorders and mental health?
Which of the following statements BEST describes the relationship between eating disorders and mental health?
What is the MOST critical consideration when contemplating how to support a friend potentially struggling with an eating disorder?
What is the MOST critical consideration when contemplating how to support a friend potentially struggling with an eating disorder?
A researcher aims to design a study exploring the efficacy of different therapeutic interventions for anorexia nervosa in adults. Considering the information provided, what is a CRUCIAL methodological challenge they are MOST likely to encounter?
A researcher aims to design a study exploring the efficacy of different therapeutic interventions for anorexia nervosa in adults. Considering the information provided, what is a CRUCIAL methodological challenge they are MOST likely to encounter?
An individual presents with symptoms indicative of an eating disorder, but their presentation doesn't neatly align with the diagnostic criteria for Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, or Binge Eating Disorder. According to DSM-V classifications, which category would be MOST appropriate for initial consideration?
An individual presents with symptoms indicative of an eating disorder, but their presentation doesn't neatly align with the diagnostic criteria for Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, or Binge Eating Disorder. According to DSM-V classifications, which category would be MOST appropriate for initial consideration?
Which of the following is NOT typically associated with eating disorders?
Which of the following is NOT typically associated with eating disorders?
What is a key distinction between anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN)?
What is a key distinction between anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN)?
An individual consumes a bag of chips, a family size chocolate bar and a tub of ice cream in one sitting, and feels unable to stop while eating.
An individual consumes a bag of chips, a family size chocolate bar and a tub of ice cream in one sitting, and feels unable to stop while eating.
Which of the following involves eating items with no nutritional value?
Which of the following involves eating items with no nutritional value?
What is the primary focus of Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID)?
What is the primary focus of Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID)?
What does OSFED stand for in the context of eating disorders?
What does OSFED stand for in the context of eating disorders?
Which of the following best describes the 'Binge-eating/purging type' of Anorexia Nervosa (AN)?
Which of the following best describes the 'Binge-eating/purging type' of Anorexia Nervosa (AN)?
Poor circulation, irregular heartbeat and cardiac arrest is associated with which eating disorder?
Poor circulation, irregular heartbeat and cardiac arrest is associated with which eating disorder?
What is lanugo, as it relates to eating disorders?
What is lanugo, as it relates to eating disorders?
What is a common psychological warning sign of Anorexia Nervosa?
What is a common psychological warning sign of Anorexia Nervosa?
Radical changes in food preferences is a behavioral warning sign. Which disorder is this associated with?
Radical changes in food preferences is a behavioral warning sign. Which disorder is this associated with?
Which of the following is a behavioural warning sign specific to Bulimia Nervosa (BN)?
Which of the following is a behavioural warning sign specific to Bulimia Nervosa (BN)?
Frequent trips to the bathroom, especially after meals, is a warning sign of which eating disorder?
Frequent trips to the bathroom, especially after meals, is a warning sign of which eating disorder?
Which of the following is a diagnostic criterion for Binge Eating Disorder (BED)?
Which of the following is a diagnostic criterion for Binge Eating Disorder (BED)?
An individual eats until they feel uncomfortably full. Which disorder does this apply to?
An individual eats until they feel uncomfortably full. Which disorder does this apply to?
Which of the following is a potential physical effect of Binge Eating Disorder (BED)?
Which of the following is a potential physical effect of Binge Eating Disorder (BED)?
What is a common psychological characteristic of Binge Eating Disorder?
What is a common psychological characteristic of Binge Eating Disorder?
Secretive behavior relating to food, such as hiding food wrappers around the house, is a warning sign of which eating disorder?
Secretive behavior relating to food, such as hiding food wrappers around the house, is a warning sign of which eating disorder?
Which of the following best reflect psychological factors associated with eating disorders?
Which of the following best reflect psychological factors associated with eating disorders?
Within psychodynamic theories, Hilde Bruch suggested that eating disorders might represent:
Within psychodynamic theories, Hilde Bruch suggested that eating disorders might represent:
What do psychodynamic theories suggest is crucial for the full recovery from an eating disorder?
What do psychodynamic theories suggest is crucial for the full recovery from an eating disorder?
According to cognitive behavioral theories, what role does 'fear' play in the development and maintenance of eating disorders?
According to cognitive behavioral theories, what role does 'fear' play in the development and maintenance of eating disorders?
In CBT, what is the role of cognitive distortions?
In CBT, what is the role of cognitive distortions?
What is often the first goal in the treatment of anorexia nervosa?
What is often the first goal in the treatment of anorexia nervosa?
In the treatment of anorexia nervosa, what is most commonly the second step after ensuring the patient is medically stable?
In the treatment of anorexia nervosa, what is most commonly the second step after ensuring the patient is medically stable?
Which treatment approach focuses on exploring an individual's strengths, resources, and values in anorexia nervosa?
Which treatment approach focuses on exploring an individual's strengths, resources, and values in anorexia nervosa?
What is an overall treatment aim in Bulimia Nervosa (BN) and Binge Eating Disorder (BED)?
What is an overall treatment aim in Bulimia Nervosa (BN) and Binge Eating Disorder (BED)?
Which of the following focuses on questioning society's standard for physical attractiveness?
Which of the following focuses on questioning society's standard for physical attractiveness?
What is one of the serious physical consequences that may result from bulimia?
What is one of the serious physical consequences that may result from bulimia?
What is the correlation between eating disorders and mental health?
What is the correlation between eating disorders and mental health?
Which of the following is a reason why eating disorders should be identified early?
Which of the following is a reason why eating disorders should be identified early?
A friend is showing potential warning signs of an eating disorder. Which of the following actions is MOST supportive?
A friend is showing potential warning signs of an eating disorder. Which of the following actions is MOST supportive?
When trying to spot warning signs associated with a potential eating disorder, which should we consider?
When trying to spot warning signs associated with a potential eating disorder, which should we consider?
Which of the following statements is NOT true of eating disorders?
Which of the following statements is NOT true of eating disorders?
Why is it important to avoid being judgemental when providing support to a friend potentially suffering from and eating disorder?
Why is it important to avoid being judgemental when providing support to a friend potentially suffering from and eating disorder?
Suppose an individual demonstrates all the core diagnostic features of anorexia nervosa (AN) but reports a complete lack of fear related to weight gain.
Suppose an individual demonstrates all the core diagnostic features of anorexia nervosa (AN) but reports a complete lack of fear related to weight gain.
An individual with bulimia nervosa (BN) presents for treatment expressing persistent dissatisfaction with their therapist's supportive yet non-directive approach. They report a desire for more explicit guidance on managing interpersonal conflict associated with their eating.
An individual with bulimia nervosa (BN) presents for treatment expressing persistent dissatisfaction with their therapist's supportive yet non-directive approach. They report a desire for more explicit guidance on managing interpersonal conflict associated with their eating.
Consider an outpatient clinic serving a large, diverse community. The clinic aims to enhance its screening for eating disorders but faces limitations in staff training and resources. Which initial screening method best balances brevity, cost-effectiveness, and sensitivity across diverse presentations?
Consider an outpatient clinic serving a large, diverse community. The clinic aims to enhance its screening for eating disorders but faces limitations in staff training and resources. Which initial screening method best balances brevity, cost-effectiveness, and sensitivity across diverse presentations?
An individual regularly engages in intense exercise and significantly restricts their dietary intake with the primary goal of attaining an extremely lean and muscular physique. What eating disorder matches these symptoms?
An individual regularly engages in intense exercise and significantly restricts their dietary intake with the primary goal of attaining an extremely lean and muscular physique. What eating disorder matches these symptoms?
A 16-year-old female, recently diagnosed with bulimia nervosa (BN) based on recurrent binge-purge cycles, expresses that one function that the binge-purge habit serves is that it distracts her from emotions associated with school stress and academic struggles. How would you categorise this with CBT?
A 16-year-old female, recently diagnosed with bulimia nervosa (BN) based on recurrent binge-purge cycles, expresses that one function that the binge-purge habit serves is that it distracts her from emotions associated with school stress and academic struggles. How would you categorise this with CBT?
During an assessment, what is the central question to ask yourself to aid in appropriate diagnosis?
During an assessment, what is the central question to ask yourself to aid in appropriate diagnosis?
According to DSM-5 criteria for Anorexia Nervosa (AN), what constitutes a disturbance in the experience of body weight or shape?
According to DSM-5 criteria for Anorexia Nervosa (AN), what constitutes a disturbance in the experience of body weight or shape?
What role does 'fear' play in the cognitive behavioral theories of eating disorders?
What role does 'fear' play in the cognitive behavioral theories of eating disorders?
What behavioral pattern is characteristic of the binge-eating/purging subtype of anorexia nervosa (AN)?
What behavioral pattern is characteristic of the binge-eating/purging subtype of anorexia nervosa (AN)?
What is the initial primary goal in the treatment of anorexia nervosa?
What is the initial primary goal in the treatment of anorexia nervosa?
Which statement best characterizes Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID)?
Which statement best characterizes Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID)?
What is the MOST accurate regarding eating disorders?
What is the MOST accurate regarding eating disorders?
What should you do if you're worried about a friend/loved one and suspect they may be suffering from an eating disorder?
What should you do if you're worried about a friend/loved one and suspect they may be suffering from an eating disorder?
What is the main focus of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) for bulimia nervosa (BN)?
What is the main focus of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) for bulimia nervosa (BN)?
What do psychodynamic theories emphasize in their explanations of eating disorders?
What do psychodynamic theories emphasize in their explanations of eating disorders?
An individual with bulimia nervosa (BN) must display:
An individual with bulimia nervosa (BN) must display:
What is the distinction between bulimia nervosa (BN) and binge eating disorder (BED)?
What is the distinction between bulimia nervosa (BN) and binge eating disorder (BED)?
What physiological occurrence is a potential physical sign symptom of anorexia nervosa (AN)?
What physiological occurrence is a potential physical sign symptom of anorexia nervosa (AN)?
What is the significance of understanding the adaptive function or purpose that an eating disorder serves, according to psychodynamic theories?
What is the significance of understanding the adaptive function or purpose that an eating disorder serves, according to psychodynamic theories?
Consider an individual presenting with recurrent episodes of consuming unusually large amounts of food, a sense of lack of control during these episodes, and marked distress afterward, yet consistently reports engaging in compensatory behaviors (such as misuse of laxatives, self-induced vomiting, stringent fasting or misuse of diuretics), but not due to concerns about their body shape or weight. In order to best match their symptoms to possible classifications that are recognised.
Consider an individual presenting with recurrent episodes of consuming unusually large amounts of food, a sense of lack of control during these episodes, and marked distress afterward, yet consistently reports engaging in compensatory behaviors (such as misuse of laxatives, self-induced vomiting, stringent fasting or misuse of diuretics), but not due to concerns about their body shape or weight. In order to best match their symptoms to possible classifications that are recognised.
An outpatient therapist, treating an patient, has delivered a structured treatment program for Bulimia Nervosa (BN) which involves monitoring daily food intake using ecological momentary assessment and psychoeducation about dietary habits. Despite moderate progress, the patient consistently reports persistent rigid food rules. Based on these factors, what element should the therapist MOST likely consider in their therapeutic approach?
An outpatient therapist, treating an patient, has delivered a structured treatment program for Bulimia Nervosa (BN) which involves monitoring daily food intake using ecological momentary assessment and psychoeducation about dietary habits. Despite moderate progress, the patient consistently reports persistent rigid food rules. Based on these factors, what element should the therapist MOST likely consider in their therapeutic approach?
According to the DSM-5 criteria, what is a key characteristic of Anorexia Nervosa (AN)?
According to the DSM-5 criteria, what is a key characteristic of Anorexia Nervosa (AN)?
What is a defining feature of bulimia nervosa (BN) as outlined by the DSM-5?
What is a defining feature of bulimia nervosa (BN) as outlined by the DSM-5?
According to DSM-V, what is a key diagnostic criterion for binge eating disorder (BED)?
According to DSM-V, what is a key diagnostic criterion for binge eating disorder (BED)?
Which of the following feeding disorders involves eating non-nutritive substances?
Which of the following feeding disorders involves eating non-nutritive substances?
Which factor differentiates rumination disorder from other eating disorders?
Which factor differentiates rumination disorder from other eating disorders?
Which of the following is a DSM-5 diagnostic criterion for anorexia nervosa?
Which of the following is a DSM-5 diagnostic criterion for anorexia nervosa?
What is a key characteristic of the binge-eating/purging type of anorexia nervosa?
What is a key characteristic of the binge-eating/purging type of anorexia nervosa?
What physical effect is most closely associated with anorexia nervosa (AN)?
What physical effect is most closely associated with anorexia nervosa (AN)?
What is a potential psychological warning sign of Anorexia Nervosa?
What is a potential psychological warning sign of Anorexia Nervosa?
Radical changes in food preferences can be a behavioral warning sign of which eating disorder?
Radical changes in food preferences can be a behavioral warning sign of which eating disorder?
What behavioral warning sign is most indicative of bulimia nervosa (BN)?
What behavioral warning sign is most indicative of bulimia nervosa (BN)?
What is a behavioural warning sign of Binge Eating Disorder (BED)?
What is a behavioural warning sign of Binge Eating Disorder (BED)?
What is typically experienced during a binge eating episode in the context of Binge Eating Disorder (BED)?
What is typically experienced during a binge eating episode in the context of Binge Eating Disorder (BED)?
Which of the following is a commonly observed psychological characteristic of Binge Eating Disorder (BED)?
Which of the following is a commonly observed psychological characteristic of Binge Eating Disorder (BED)?
What is one of the psychological factors associated with eating disorders?
What is one of the psychological factors associated with eating disorders?
According to psychodynamic theories and Hilde Bruch (1970's), what might eating disorders represent?
According to psychodynamic theories and Hilde Bruch (1970's), what might eating disorders represent?
According to psychodynamic theory, what is essential for full recovery from an eating disorder?
According to psychodynamic theory, what is essential for full recovery from an eating disorder?
Within cognitive behavioural theories, what role does the fear of increased weight play in eating disorders?
Within cognitive behavioural theories, what role does the fear of increased weight play in eating disorders?
What is one function that cognitive distortions may serve in individuals with eating disorders?
What is one function that cognitive distortions may serve in individuals with eating disorders?
In the treatment of anorexia nervosa, what is the FIRST priority?
In the treatment of anorexia nervosa, what is the FIRST priority?
What is a component of anorexia nervosa treatment?
What is a component of anorexia nervosa treatment?
What is the emphasis of Maudsley Anorexia Nervosa Treatment for Adults (MANTRA)?
What is the emphasis of Maudsley Anorexia Nervosa Treatment for Adults (MANTRA)?
What do treatment approaches do for people who study or work?
What do treatment approaches do for people who study or work?
The family-based therapy is the most established treatment for which disorder?
The family-based therapy is the most established treatment for which disorder?
To treat Bulimia, what does CBT focus on?
To treat Bulimia, what does CBT focus on?
What is one potential physical consequence of bulimia?
What is one potential physical consequence of bulimia?
Which of the following is a physical problem associated with anorexia?
Which of the following is a physical problem associated with anorexia?
According to research with Hudson et al. (2007), people with eating disorders experience:
According to research with Hudson et al. (2007), people with eating disorders experience:
Why can it be useful to know about societal impacts on mental health?
Why can it be useful to know about societal impacts on mental health?
Eating disorders should not be considered to be:
Eating disorders should not be considered to be:
If you're concerned about a friend and suspect they have an eating disorder, what should you do?
If you're concerned about a friend and suspect they have an eating disorder, what should you do?
When trying to spot the warning signs for a possible eating disorder, what can you consider?
When trying to spot the warning signs for a possible eating disorder, what can you consider?
What is the BEST initial approach when a friend shows potential signs of an eating disorder?
What is the BEST initial approach when a friend shows potential signs of an eating disorder?
Why is it that an eating disorder is more than just being 'always too thin'?
Why is it that an eating disorder is more than just being 'always too thin'?
Why should you show encouragement and support to a friend when they mention they are suffering from an eating disorder?
Why should you show encouragement and support to a friend when they mention they are suffering from an eating disorder?
With eating disorders, why is it important to show a duty of care?
With eating disorders, why is it important to show a duty of care?
What is a significant challenge in eating disorder treatment research, particularly randomized controlled trials?
What is a significant challenge in eating disorder treatment research, particularly randomized controlled trials?
What is the BEST treatment for Bulimia Nervosa (BN) and Binge Eating Disorder (BED)?
What is the BEST treatment for Bulimia Nervosa (BN) and Binge Eating Disorder (BED)?
Which of the following statements best reflects the purpose of psychodynamic theories in the context of eating disorders?
Which of the following statements best reflects the purpose of psychodynamic theories in the context of eating disorders?
Imagine an individual presents with the core diagnostic features of anorexia nervosa (AN) but expresses no fear in relation to weight gain. How would you explain this?
Imagine an individual presents with the core diagnostic features of anorexia nervosa (AN) but expresses no fear in relation to weight gain. How would you explain this?
There has been a large increase in the number of obese people but cases of anorexia nervosa have remained the same. What does this mean?
There has been a large increase in the number of obese people but cases of anorexia nervosa have remained the same. What does this mean?
Which of the following is a diagnostic criterion for Anorexia Nervosa (AN) according to the DSM-5?
Which of the following is a diagnostic criterion for Anorexia Nervosa (AN) according to the DSM-5?
What does the 'restricting type' of anorexia nervosa PRIMARILY involve?
What does the 'restricting type' of anorexia nervosa PRIMARILY involve?
Frequent trips to the bathroom, particularly after meals, MOST likely indicates?
Frequent trips to the bathroom, particularly after meals, MOST likely indicates?
Which of the following BEST describes a binge-eating episode?
Which of the following BEST describes a binge-eating episode?
What psychological effect is MOST often associated with Binge Eating Disorder (BED)?
What psychological effect is MOST often associated with Binge Eating Disorder (BED)?
A preoccupation with preparing food for others while avoiding consuming it oneself could be a warning sign for which disorder?
A preoccupation with preparing food for others while avoiding consuming it oneself could be a warning sign for which disorder?
According to DSM-5, which criterion is essential for diagnosing bulimia nervosa (BN)?
According to DSM-5, which criterion is essential for diagnosing bulimia nervosa (BN)?
What differentiates rumination disorder from other eating disorders?
What differentiates rumination disorder from other eating disorders?
What is a primary focus within cognitive behavioral theories regarding eating disorders?
What is a primary focus within cognitive behavioral theories regarding eating disorders?
According to cognitive behavioral theories, what role does 'fear' play in the development and maintenance of bulimia?
According to cognitive behavioral theories, what role does 'fear' play in the development and maintenance of bulimia?
According to psychodynamic theories, what is crucial for the full recovery from an eating disorder?
According to psychodynamic theories, what is crucial for the full recovery from an eating disorder?
Which long standing psychotherapy has demonstrated equivalent long-term effectiveness to Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) in treating Bulimia Nervosa?
Which long standing psychotherapy has demonstrated equivalent long-term effectiveness to Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) in treating Bulimia Nervosa?
An individual with anorexia nervosa (AN) may present with an intense fear of gaining weight, even when underweight, alongside a BMI of 15. How would a therapist BEST reconcile this seemingly irrational fear within a cognitive behavioral framework?
An individual with anorexia nervosa (AN) may present with an intense fear of gaining weight, even when underweight, alongside a BMI of 15. How would a therapist BEST reconcile this seemingly irrational fear within a cognitive behavioral framework?
What is a common characteristic of individuals diagnosed with Anorexia Nervosa (AN) according to the DSM-5?
What is a common characteristic of individuals diagnosed with Anorexia Nervosa (AN) according to the DSM-5?
Which of the following behaviors characterizes the 'purging' subtype of bulimia nervosa?
Which of the following behaviors characterizes the 'purging' subtype of bulimia nervosa?
According to the DSM-5 criteria, what is essential for diagnosing Binge Eating Disorder (BED)?
According to the DSM-5 criteria, what is essential for diagnosing Binge Eating Disorder (BED)?
In the context of eating disorders, what does the term 'pica' refer to?
In the context of eating disorders, what does the term 'pica' refer to?
Which statement accurately describes Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID)?
Which statement accurately describes Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID)?
According to the DSM-5, what is a common criterion for 'Unspecified Feeding or Eating Disorder' (UFED)?
According to the DSM-5, what is a common criterion for 'Unspecified Feeding or Eating Disorder' (UFED)?
What behavior is MOST indicative of the binge-eating/purging type of anorexia nervosa (AN)?
What behavior is MOST indicative of the binge-eating/purging type of anorexia nervosa (AN)?
According to the slides, which of the following BEST describes the physical effects of anorexia nervosa (AN)?
According to the slides, which of the following BEST describes the physical effects of anorexia nervosa (AN)?
What is a common psychological indicator of anorexia nervosa (AN)?
What is a common psychological indicator of anorexia nervosa (AN)?
Radical changes in food preferences, such as suddenly avoiding entire food groups, may be a warning sign for which disorder?
Radical changes in food preferences, such as suddenly avoiding entire food groups, may be a warning sign for which disorder?
Frequent trips to the bathroom immediately following meals is a behavioral warning sign that BEST correlates with which eating disorder?
Frequent trips to the bathroom immediately following meals is a behavioral warning sign that BEST correlates with which eating disorder?
What statement BEST characterizes binge eating episodes?
What statement BEST characterizes binge eating episodes?
What psychological factor is an individual with Binge Eating Disorder (BED) MOST likely to experience?
What psychological factor is an individual with Binge Eating Disorder (BED) MOST likely to experience?
Hiding food wrappers and containers around the house is a behavioral warning sign most commonly associated with which eating disorder?
Hiding food wrappers and containers around the house is a behavioral warning sign most commonly associated with which eating disorder?
Within psychodynamic theories, what core factor is thought to contribute to the development of eating disorders?
Within psychodynamic theories, what core factor is thought to contribute to the development of eating disorders?
According to psychodynamic theory, what factor is ESSENTIAL for FULL recovery from an eating disorder?
According to psychodynamic theory, what factor is ESSENTIAL for FULL recovery from an eating disorder?
According to cognitive behavioral theories, what creates anxiety with individuals that have bulimia?
According to cognitive behavioral theories, what creates anxiety with individuals that have bulimia?
In cognitive behavioral theory, what functions do cognitive distortions serve in individuals that have an eating disorder?
In cognitive behavioral theory, what functions do cognitive distortions serve in individuals that have an eating disorder?
What is the FIRST priority in the treatment of anorexia nervosa?
What is the FIRST priority in the treatment of anorexia nervosa?
Which of the following is a component of anorexia nervosa treatment?
Which of the following is a component of anorexia nervosa treatment?
Maudsley Anorexia Nervosa Treatment for Adults (MANTRA) places particular emphasis on:
Maudsley Anorexia Nervosa Treatment for Adults (MANTRA) places particular emphasis on:
How are treatment approaches designed for managing anorexia nervosa?
How are treatment approaches designed for managing anorexia nervosa?
Which therapy is generally considered the MOST effective and well-established treatment for youth with bulimia nervosa (BN)?
Which therapy is generally considered the MOST effective and well-established treatment for youth with bulimia nervosa (BN)?
Regarding the slides, what is the general focus of CBT in the treatment of bulimia?
Regarding the slides, what is the general focus of CBT in the treatment of bulimia?
According to the presentation, what can be a physical consequence of bulimia nervosa (BN)?
According to the presentation, what can be a physical consequence of bulimia nervosa (BN)?
According to research with Hudson et al. (2007), what is the correlation between people with eating disorders and mental health?
According to research with Hudson et al. (2007), what is the correlation between people with eating disorders and mental health?
What can understanding the cultural and societal impacts on mental health achieve?
What can understanding the cultural and societal impacts on mental health achieve?
What initial step can be taken if you're concerned about a friend and suspect they have an eating disorder?
What initial step can be taken if you're concerned about a friend and suspect they have an eating disorder?
What key element should be observed to identify warning signs associated with a potential eating disorder?
What key element should be observed to identify warning signs associated with a potential eating disorder?
When a friend mentions they are suffering from an eating disorder, which supportive action is BEST?
When a friend mentions they are suffering from an eating disorder, which supportive action is BEST?
An individual is diagnosed with anorexia nervosa and engages solely in restricting food intake to lose weight. Which subtype of anorexia nervosa best describes this?
An individual is diagnosed with anorexia nervosa and engages solely in restricting food intake to lose weight. Which subtype of anorexia nervosa best describes this?
According to cognitive behavioral theories, what is the MOST common function that cognitive distortions serve in individuals with eating disorders?
According to cognitive behavioral theories, what is the MOST common function that cognitive distortions serve in individuals with eating disorders?
A therapist using psychodynamic theory to treat a patient with bulimia nervosa would likely focus on:
A therapist using psychodynamic theory to treat a patient with bulimia nervosa would likely focus on:
Beyond weight restoration and addressing psychological issues, what additional component is CRUCIAL in the three-tiered treatment approach for anorexia nervosa (AN)?
Beyond weight restoration and addressing psychological issues, what additional component is CRUCIAL in the three-tiered treatment approach for anorexia nervosa (AN)?
A researcher is conducting a study on the prevalence of eating disorders but is struggling to find participants that perfectly align with each DSM-5 classification. What could they classify these as?
A researcher is conducting a study on the prevalence of eating disorders but is struggling to find participants that perfectly align with each DSM-5 classification. What could they classify these as?
Flashcards
What are eating disorders?
What are eating disorders?
Eating too much or too little, or being preoccupied with weight and body shape.
What is Anorexia Nervosa (AN)?
What is Anorexia Nervosa (AN)?
An eating disorder where people are of low weight due to limiting their energy intake and may engage in lots of exercise.
What is Bulimia Nervosa (BN)?
What is Bulimia Nervosa (BN)?
A cycle of eating large quantities of food (binging), and then trying to compensate for overeating by vomiting, taking laxatives or diuretics, fasting, or exercising excessively (purging).
What is Binge Eating Disorder (BED)?
What is Binge Eating Disorder (BED)?
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What is Pica?
What is Pica?
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What is Rumination Disorder?
What is Rumination Disorder?
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What is Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID)?
What is Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID)?
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What is Unspecified Feeding or Eating Disorder (UFED)?
What is Unspecified Feeding or Eating Disorder (UFED)?
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According to DSM-5, what is a diagnostic criteria of Anorexia Nervosa (AN)?
According to DSM-5, what is a diagnostic criteria of Anorexia Nervosa (AN)?
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According to DSM-5, what is another diagnostic criteria of Anorexia Nervosa (AN)?
According to DSM-5, what is another diagnostic criteria of Anorexia Nervosa (AN)?
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According to DSM-5, what is another diagnostic criteria of Anorexia Nervosa (AN)?
According to DSM-5, what is another diagnostic criteria of Anorexia Nervosa (AN)?
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What is the Restricting type of Anorexia Nervosa?
What is the Restricting type of Anorexia Nervosa?
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What is the Binge-eating/purging type of Anorexia Nervosa?
What is the Binge-eating/purging type of Anorexia Nervosa?
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According to DSM-5, what is a diagnostic criteria of Bulimia Nervosa (BN)?
According to DSM-5, what is a diagnostic criteria of Bulimia Nervosa (BN)?
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According to DSM-5, what is a characteristic sign of Binge Eating?
According to DSM-5, what is a characteristic sign of Binge Eating?
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According to DSM-5, what is another characteristic sign of Binge Eating?
According to DSM-5, what is another characteristic sign of Binge Eating?
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What is a diagnostic criteria of Bulimia Nervosa (BN)?
What is a diagnostic criteria of Bulimia Nervosa (BN)?
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According to DSM-5, what is associated with Binge Eating Disorder (BED)?
According to DSM-5, what is associated with Binge Eating Disorder (BED)?
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What is an effective treatment for AN?
What is an effective treatment for AN?
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What does CBT for bulimia focuses on?
What does CBT for bulimia focuses on?
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What do psychodynamic theories emphasise?
What do psychodynamic theories emphasise?
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What makes weight loss a powerful reinforcer?
What makes weight loss a powerful reinforcer?
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What is an important benefit from treatment for AN?
What is an important benefit from treatment for AN?
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What is another important benefit from treatment for AN?
What is another important benefit from treatment for AN?
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What is long-term maintenance of weight gain in treatment for AN?
What is long-term maintenance of weight gain in treatment for AN?
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Study Notes
- Eating disorders are being presented by Dr Louise Cleobury, PM137
Aims
- The aim is to learn about why it is important to know about eating disorders
- Also to understand what eating disorders are
- To identify DSM-V classifications
- To describe types, signs and symptoms
- To explore psychological explanations and treatments
Learning Outcomes
- Students should be able to differentiate between Anorexia Nervosa (AN), Bulimia Nervosa (BN) and Binge Eating Disorder (BED)
- Students should be able to describe the major symptoms of eating disorders
- Students should be able to apply knowledge of the theoretical approaches within psychology to explanations and treatment of eating disorders
Importance of Learning About Eating Disorders
- Eating disorders cause a lot of suffering
- Early identification and intervention may prevent a lot of harm
- Knowledge of eating disorders can teach us about interaction between physical and mental health
- Eating disorders can teach us about the impact of society and culture on mental wellbeing
What are eating Disorders?
- Eating disorders can involve eating too much or too little
- Or becoming preoccupied with weight and body shape
- Men and women of any age can have them, but they occur most commonly in young women aged 13-17
- Between 2000 and 2009, the number of people diagnosed with an eating disorder (including eating disorder not otherwise specified) for ages 10-49 years rose from 32.3 to 37.2 per 100,000 population
- It is estimated that between 10% and 25% of those with eating disorders are male
- Treatment is available so recovery is possible.
- A complex interaction of genetic, biological, behavioral, psychological and social factors cause eating disorders
DSM-V Classifications
- Anorexia Nervosa (AN) involves people being of low weight due to limiting their energy intake and may engage in lots of exercise
- Bulimia Nervosa (BN) involves a cycle of eating large quantities of food (binging), and then trying to compensate for overeating by vomiting, taking laxatives or diuretics, fasting, or exercising excessively (purging)
- Binge Eating Disorder (BED) involves people experiencing a loss of control and eating large quantities of food, over a short period of time (binging), on a regular basis
- Pica is a feeding disorder in which someone eats non-food substances that have no nutritional value, such as paper, soap, paint, chalk, or ice
- Rumination Disorder involves repetitive, habitual bringing up of food that might be partly digested
- Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) involves restricted eating by eating smaller amounts of food, or avoiding certain foods or food groups
- Other Specified Feeding or Eating Disorder (OSFED) occurs when an individual’s symptoms don’t fit the expected symptoms for anorexia, bulimia or binge eating disorder
- Unspecified Feeding or Eating Disorder (UFED), happens when an individual’s symptoms do not line up with those of another disorder, or when there is not enough information to determine a more specific diagnosis
Anorexia Nervosa (AN) DSM-5 Criteria
- To be diagnosed, a person must display:
- Persistent restriction of energy intake leading to significantly low body weight
- Intense fear of gaining weight or persistent behaviour that interferes with weight gain
- Disturbance in the way one's body weight or shape is experienced, or persistent lack of recognition of the seriousness of the current low body weight
Anorexia Nervosa (AN) Subtypes
- Restricting type involves severe restriction of food intake, maintaining very low calorie count; restricting types of food eaten; eating only one meal a day and may follow obsessive and rigid rules
- Binge-eating/purging type involves restriction as above, but also during some bouts the person has regularly engaged in binge-eating OR purging
Anorexia Nervosa (AN) Physical Effects
- Brain: Preoccupation with food/calories, fear of gaining weight, headaches, fainting, dizziness, mood swings, anxiety, depression
- Hair/skin: Dry skin and lips, brittle nails, thin hair, bruises easily, yellow complexion, growth of thin white hair over body (lanugo), intolerance to cold
- Heart: Poor circulation, irregular or slow heart beat, very low blood pressure, cardiac arrest, heart failure
- Blood: Low iron levels (anaemia)
- Intestines: Constipation, diarrhea, bloating, abdominal pain
- Hormones: Irregular or absent periods, loss of libido, infertility
- Kidneys: Dehydration, kidney failure
- Bones: Loss of bone calcium (osteopenia), osteoporosis
- Muscles: Muscle loss, weakness, fatigue
Anorexia Nervosa (AN) Psychological Warning Signs
- Preoccupation with eating, food (or food related activities), body shape, weight and/or appearance
- Negative or distorted body image, perceiving self to be fat when at a healthy weight/underweight.
- Intense fear of gaining weight
- Inability to maintain a normal body weight for age and height
- Depression and anxiety, mood swings, heightened anxiety around mealtimes
- Low self-esteem (guilt, self-criticism, worthlessness), feeling out of control
- Suicidal or self-harm thoughts or behaviours
- Reduced capacity for thinking and increased difficulty concentrating, impaired school or work performance
Anorexia Nervosa (AN) Behavioral Warning Signs
- Dieting behavior/ restrictive or rigid eating patterns, rigid thinking (‘black and white’, ‘good and bad foods’)
- Repetitive or obsessive behaviors relating to body shape and weight, changes in clothing style
- Eating in private and avoiding meals with other people, secrecy around eating, social withdrawal
- Compulsive or excessive exercising
- Radical changes in food preferences (eating ‘safe’ low calorie foods)
- Obsessive rituals around food preparation and eating
- Preoccupation with preparing food for others, recipes and nutrition
- Self harm, substance abuse or suicide attempts
Bulimia Nervosa (BN) DSM-5 Criteria
- To be diagnosed, a person must display:
- Recurrent episodes of binge eating
- eating, in a discrete period of time, an amount of food that is larger than most people would eat during a similar period of time and under similar circumstances
- a sense of lack of control overeating during the episode
- Recurrent inappropriate compensatory behavior to prevent weight gain
- such as self-induced vomiting, misuse of laxatives, diuretics, or other medications, fasting, or excessive exercise
- Recurrent episodes of binge eating
Bulimia Nervosa (BN) Physical Effects
- Brain: Preoccupation with food and weight, low self-esteem, anxiety, depression
- Mouth: Erosion of dental enamel, swollen jaw, bad breath, gum disease, tooth decay
- Throat/oesophagus: Chronic sore throat, indigestion, heartburn, reflux, inflamed or rupture of oesophagus
- Heart: Irregular or slow heart beat, cardiac arrest, heart failure, low blood pressure, fainting, dizziness
- Stomach: Ulcers, pain, stomach rupture
- Intestines: Bowel problems, constipation, diarrhoea, cramps
- Hormones: Irregular or absent periods, loss of libido, infertility
- Kidneys: dehydration
- Skin: calluses on knuckles, dry skin
- Muscles: fatigue, cramps caused by electrolyte imbalance, tiredness, lethargy
Bulimia Nervosa (BN) Psychological Warning Signs
- Preoccupation with eating, food, body shape and weight.
- Sensitivity to comments relating to food, weight, body shape or exercise
- Low self-esteem and feelings of shame, self loathing or guilt, particularly after eating
- Distorted body image.
- Obsession with food and need for control
- Depression, anxiety or irritability
- Mood swings, changes in personality, emotional outbursts or depression
- Extreme body dissatisfaction
- Loneliness due to self-imposed isolation and a reluctance to develop personal relationships
- Fear of the disapproval of others if the illness becomes known
Bulimia Nervosa (BN) Behavioral Warning Signs
- Evidence of binge eating (eating to the point of discomfort)
- Frequent trips to the bathroom during or shortly after meals (could be evidence of vomiting or laxative use)
- Vomiting or using laxatives, enemas, appetite suppressants or diuretics
- Eating in private and avoiding meals with other people
- Anti social behaviour, spending more and more time alone
- Repetitive or obsessive behaviours relating to body shape and weight
- Secretive/deceptive behaviour around food
- Compulsive or excessive exercising
- Dieting behaviour
- Self harm, substance abuse or suicide attempt
Binge Eating Disorder (BED) DSM-5 Criteria
- To be diagnosed, a person must display:
- Recurrent episodes of binge eating
- Eating, in a discrete period of time, an amount of food that is larger than most would eat during a similar period of time and under similar circumstances
- A sense of lack of control overeating during the episode
- Binge eating episodes are associated with three or more of the following:
- Eating much more rapidly than normal
- Eating until feeling uncomfortably full
- Eating large amounts of food when not feeling physically hungry
- Eating alone because of feeling embarrassed by how much one is eating
- Feeling disgusted with oneself, depressed or very guilty afterward
- Marked distress regarding binge eating is present
- Binge eating not associated with recurrent use of inappropriate behaviours as in Bulimia Nervosa to compensate for overeating, such as self-induced vomiting
- Recurrent episodes of binge eating
Binge Eating Disorder (BED) Physical Effects
- Body : Weight gain, fatigue, lethargy
- Brain: Low self-esteem, anxiety, depression, guilt, distressed by behaviour
- Sleep apnoea
- Heart: High blood pressure, high cholesterol, stroke, heart attack
- Gallbladder: Gallbladder disease
- Pancreas: Type 2 Diabetes
- Kidneys: Chronic kidney problems, kidney failure
- Bones: Osteoarthritis
Binge Eating Disorder (BED) Psychological Warning Signs
- Overwhelming sense of lack of control regarding eating behaviour
- Feelings of extreme distress, sadness, anxiety and guilt during and after a binge episode
- Preoccupation with eating and food
- Extreme body dissatisfaction and shame about their appearance
- Low self esteem and embarrassment over physical appearance
- Depression, anxiety or irritability
- Fear of the disapproval of others
Binge Eating Disorder (BED) Behavioral Warning Signs
- Evidence of binge eating (e.g. disappearance or hoarding of food)
- Eating more rapidly than normal, eating when not physically hungry
- Periods of uncontrolled, impulsive or continuous eating whereby a person may consume many thousands of calories, often to the point of feeling uncomfortably full
- Secretive behaviour relating to food (e.g. hiding food and food wrappers around the house)
- Increased isolation and withdrawal from activities previously enjoyed, avoiding social situations, particularly those involving food
- Erratic behaviour (e.g. shoplifting food or spending large amounts of money on food)
- Self harm, substance abuse or suicide attempts
Psychological factors to eating disorders
- Low Self-Esteem
- Feelings of inadequacy or lack of control in life
- Depression, anxiety, anger, or loneliness
Psychological Explanations
- Psychodynamic theories of eating disorders emphasise parent-child relationships and personality characteristics
- Hilde Bruch (1970’s): “…a solution or camouflage for the problems of living.”
- Full recovery involves understanding and treating the cause, adaptive function, or purpose that the eating disorder serves
- Symptoms are seen as expressions of a struggling inner self that when addressed can aid recovery
- Cognitive behavioral theories propose that fear (caused by faulty cognitions) of increased weight and body-image distortion make weight loss a powerful reinforcer
- Among patients with bulimia, negative affect and stress precipitate binges that create anxiety, which is then relieved by purging
Cognitive theories – Functions that cognitive distortions serve
- Provide a sense of safety and control
- Reinforce the eating disorder as a part of the individual's identity
- Help provide an explanation or justification of behaviours to other people
Treatments for eating Disorders
- Therapy for anorexia is generally believed to be a three-tiered process:
- To help the patient gain weight to avoid medical complications
- To address the psychological aspects of the illness
- To achieve long-term maintenance of weight gain
- For adults with anorexia nervosa, no one specialist treatment has been shown to be superior (Carter et al., 2011)
- Maudsley Anorexia Nervosa Treatment for Adults (MANTRA) tries to address factors that are known to maintain the anorexia in the individual
- Client and therapist explore strengths, resources, goals and values and develop a plan
- A treatment is designed so that people who study or work can still do it alongside their daily activities
- An approach is collaborative and motivational and includes monitoring of risk, addresses nutrition and also involves families and close others if that is considered helpful
- Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is most well-established for the treatment of BN, with Interpersonal Therapy (IPT) demonstrating equivalent long-term effects (Fairburn et al., 1993; Agras et al., 2000; Rieger et al., 2010; Brown & Keel, 2012; Hay, 2012; Murphy et al., 2012)
- The overall goal of treatment in bulimia is to develop normal eating patterns
- CBT for bulimia focuses on questioning society’s standard for physical attractiveness, challenging beliefs that encourage severe food restriction, and develop normal eating patterns
- Maudsley family-based therapy is the most established treatment for youth with BN
Why is it important to seek treatment?
- Eating disorders can devastate the body
- Physical problems associated with anorexia include anaemia, constipation, osteoporosis, even damage to the heart and brain
- Bulimia can result in a sore throat, worn-away tooth enamel, acid reflux, and heart attacks
- People with binge eating disorder may develop high blood pressure, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and other problems associated with obesity
- People with eating disorders suffer higher rates of other mental disorders including depression, anxiety disorders, and substance abuse than people without an eating disorder (Hudson et al., 2007)
- Researchers don't know whether eating disorders are symptoms of such problems or whether the problems develop because of the isolation, stigma, and physiological changes wrought by the eating disorders themselves
What an eating disorder is not
- A choice
- A lifestyle
- Odd eating habits
- Picky eating
- Culturally normal preoccupation with weight or shape
- Always too thin – can be normal or overweight
What can help
- Gentle enquiry when it’s a good time
- Being willing to back off if not welcome
- Flag concerns and be available to talk when ready
- Show care and concern
- Encouragement and support (e.g. to seek help – offer to go with him/her, or help him/her make a list of questions and concerns)
Organizations that can help
- Beat provides helplines for adults and young people offering support and information about eating disorders. These helplines are free to call from all phones
- Help for England Helpline: 0808 801 0677, [email protected]
- Help for Scotland Helpline: 0808 801 0432, [email protected]
- Help for Wales Helpline: 0808 801 0433, [email protected]
- Help for Northern Ireland Helpline: 0808 801 0434, [email protected]
- Wellbeing (Student Support Services - Swansea University)
- Welfare@CampusLife (Welfare@CampusLife - Swansea University)
- The NHS non-emergency number - 111
- Samaritans: 116 123 (free from any phone)
- Shout: a text service if you prefer not to talk – 85258
- Mind has a list of mental health crisis helplines (Helplines and listening services – Mind)
Things to look out for
- Dramatic weight loss
- Lying about how much and when they've eaten, or how much they weigh
- Eating a lot of food very fast
- Going to the bathroom a lot after eating, often returning looking flushed
- Excessively or obsessively exercising
- Avoiding eating with others or eating alone
- Cutting food into small pieces or eating very slowly
- Wearing loose or baggy clothes to hide their weight loss
- Regularly giving reasons for not eating(‘I’ve already eaten’, ‘I’ll eat when I get home’)
- Typically eating only ‘healthy’ foods/avoids ‘fattening’/’bad’ foods e.g. fats, carbs
- Increasing exercise, must exercise even when exhausted
- Increasing pre-occupation with food – e.g. always cooking lavish meals for others but not self
- Changes in mood – depressed, irritable
- Getting more easily tired
- Always feeling cold
- Physical symptoms/signs – cold hands, weight loss, pale, postural hypotension (dizzy on standing)
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