Understanding DSL Technology

The demarcation point is where the service provider's network ends and the customer's network begins.

The 'last mile' refers to the final leg of the telecommunications networks that deliver internet services to end-users.

A public WAN is open to all users and typically uses shared infrastructure, whereas a private WAN is dedicated to a specific organization and uses private connections.

<p>A CSU/DSU connects end-user equipment to a digital circuit and processes the transmission of data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>DWDM is a technology that allows multiple data channels to be transmitted simultaneously over a single optical fiber by using different wavelengths.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>DSL is not a shared medium; each user has a separate direct connection to the DSLAM, which allows for maintaining performance regardless of the number of users.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>PPP serves users by providing authentication, assigning public IPv4 addresses, and offering link-quality management features.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The two deployment methods for PPPoE are using a host with a PPPoE client software or having the router act as the PPPoE client.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The CMTS is responsible for communicating with the cable modems and managing internet access databases at the provider headend.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Data over Cable Service Interface Specification (DOCSIS) is the standard used for this purpose.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Local subscribers share the same cable bandwidth, which means that as more users join, the available bandwidth may decrease.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The optical node converts RF signals to light pulses, enabling transmission over fiber-optic cable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>DSL's dedicated connection for each user ensures that performance is not affected by the number of users, unlike cable technology.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They securely connect employees and facilities across the globe using the internet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>TIA/EIA and IEEE.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They define how data, voice, and video are transferred over optical fiber.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Circuit-switched technologies establish a dedicated circuit for communication, while packet-switched technologies segment data into packets.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Frame Relay.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It represents a single point of failure; if the hub router fails, inter-spoke communication fails.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Serial communication transmits bits sequentially, while parallel communication transmits multiple bits simultaneously.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Digital signals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It offers redundancy and load balancing, allowing backup service provider connections.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A cell-based architecture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It allows multiple virtual circuits to connect all sites, ensuring every site's connectivity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Spoke routers can only communicate with each other through the hub router.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They define how data is encapsulated into frames for transmission.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>PSTN and ISDN.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They require additional networking hardware, such as extra routers and switches.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It connects many, but not all sites, unlike a fully meshed topology.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are more complex, requiring advanced settings and additional hardware configurations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It improves fault tolerance by ensuring all sites have multiple connections.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>No, they cannot directly communicate; all communication must go through the hub.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It requires multiple virtual circuits to connect every site to each other.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To connect networks beyond the boundaries of a Local Area Network (LAN).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A private WAN is dedicated to a single customer, while a public WAN is provided by an ISP or telecommunications service provider and shared among multiple users.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Point-to-Point, Hub-and-Spoke, Dual-homed, Fully Meshed, and Partially Meshed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It provides redundancy and increases network availability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Specific scenarios and requirements of the organization, such as bandwidth needs and geographical location.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To ensure the selected options meet the performance and reliability needs of the network.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>ISPs typically provide public WAN connections to businesses and individuals over the internet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In a hub-and-spoke topology, a central hub connects multiple spoke sites, allowing for efficient data routing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Factors include cost, speed, reliability, and the specific needs of the business or organization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A fully meshed topology is beneficial when high redundancy and low latency are crucial, such as in mission-critical environments.</p> Signup and view all the answers